1
|
Engebretsen KVT, Waehre A, Bjørnstad JL, Skrbic B, Sjaastad I, Behmen D, Marstein HS, Yndestad A, Aukrust P, Christensen G, Tønnessen T. Decorin, lumican, and their GAG chain-synthesizing enzymes are regulated in myocardial remodeling and reverse remodeling in the mouse. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013; 114:988-97. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00793.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of the role of small, leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) in fibrogenesis and inflammation, we hypothesized that they could be involved in cardiac remodeling and reverse remodeling as occurs during aortic stenosis and after aortic valve replacement. Thus, in a well-characterized aortic banding-debanding mouse model, we examined the SLRPs decorin and lumican and enzymes responsible for synthesis of their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. Four weeks after banding of the ascending aorta, mice were subjected to a debanding operation (DB) and were subsequently followed for 3 or 14 days. Sham-operated mice served as controls. Western blotting revealed a 2.5-fold increase in the protein levels of glycosylated decorin in mice with left ventricular pressure overload after aortic banding (AB) with a gradual decrease after DB. Interestingly, protein levels of three key enzymes responsible for decorin GAG chain synthesis were also increased after AB, two of them gradually declining after DB. The inflammatory chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) was increased after AB but was not significantly altered following DB. In cardiac fibroblasts CXCL16 increased the expression of the GAG-synthesizing enzyme chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF). The protein levels of lumican core protein with N-linked oligosaccharides increased by sevenfold after AB and decreased again 14 days after DB. Lumican with keratan sulfate chains was not regulated. In conclusion, this study shows alterations in glycosylated decorin and lumican core protein that might be implicated in myocardial remodeling and reverse remodeling, with a potential important role for CS/DS GAG chain-synthesizing enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin V. T. Engebretsen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Anne Waehre
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Johannes L. Bjørnstad
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Biljana Skrbic
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Dina Behmen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Henriette S. Marstein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Arne Yndestad
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo; and
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo; and
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Waehre A, Vistnes M, Sjaastad I, Nygård S, Husberg C, Lunde IG, Aukrust P, Yndestad A, Vinge LE, Behmen D, Neukamm C, Brun H, Thaulow E, Christensen G. Chemokines regulate small leucine-rich proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix of the pressure-overloaded right ventricle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 112:1372-82. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01350.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been suggested to play a role during development of left ventricular failure, but little is known about their role during right ventricular (RV) remodeling and dysfunction. We have previously shown that the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) regulates small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs). We hypothesized that chemokines are upregulated in the pressure-overloaded RV, and that they regulate SLRPs. Mice with RV pressure overload following pulmonary banding (PB) had a significant increase in RV weight and an increase in liver weight after 1 wk. Microarray analysis (Affymetrix) of RV tissue from mice with PB revealed that CXCL10, CXCL6, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), CXCL16, and CCL2 were the most upregulated chemokines. Stimulation of cardiac fibroblasts with these same chemokines showed that CXCL16 increased the expression of the four SLRPs: decorin, lumican, biglycan, and fibromodulin. CCL5 increased the same SLRPs, except decorin, whereas CX3CL1 increased the expression of decorin and lumican. CXCL16, CX3CL1, and CCL5 were also shown to increase the levels of glycosylated decorin and lumican in the medium after stimulation of fibroblasts. In the pressure-overloaded RV tissue, Western blotting revealed an increase in the total protein level of lumican and a glycosylated form of decorin with a higher molecular weight compared with control mice. Both mice with PB and patients with pulmonary stenosis had significantly increased circulating levels of CXCL16 compared with healthy controls measured by enzyme immunoassay. In conclusion, we have found that chemokines are upregulated in the pressure-overloaded RV and that CXCL16, CX3CL1, and CCL5 regulate expression and posttranslational modifications of SLRPs in cardiac fibroblasts. In the pressure-overloaded RV, protein levels of lumican were increased, and a glycosylated form of decorin with a high molecular weight appeared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Waehre
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Maria Vistnes
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål,
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics,
| | - Cathrine Husberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Arne Yndestad
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
| | - Leif E. Vinge
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
- Departments of 7Cardiology and
| | - Dina Behmen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Christian Neukamm
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik Brun
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Thaulow
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for the period 2005-2006. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:1-100. [PMID: 20222147 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fourth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2006. The review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, method developments, and applications of the technique to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, glycolipids from bacteria, glycosides, and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing, a section on industrial processes, particularly the development of biopharmaceuticals and a section on the use of MALDI-MS to monitor products of chemical synthesis of carbohydrates. Large carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers are highlighted in this final section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|