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Buszewski B, Błońska D, Kłodzińska E, Konop M, Kubesová A, Šalplachta J. Determination of Pathogens by Electrophoretic and Spectrometric Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37326587 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2219748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In modern medical diagnostics, where analytical chemistry plays a key role, fast and accurate identification of pathogens is becoming increasingly important. Infectious diseases pose a growing threat to public health due to population growth, international air travel, bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and other factors. For instance, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patient samples is a key tool to monitor the spread of the disease. While there are several techniques for identifying pathogens by their genetic code, most of these methods are too expensive or slow to effectively analyze clinical and environmental samples that may contain hundreds or even thousands of different microbes. Standard approaches (e.g., culture media and biochemical assays) are known to be very time- and labor-intensive. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the problems associated with the analysis and identification of pathogens that cause many serious infections. Special attention was paid to the description of mechanisms and the explanation of the phenomena and processes occurring on the surface of pathogens as biocolloids (charge distribution). This review also highlights the importance of electromigration techniques and demonstrates their potential for pathogen pre-separation and fractionation and demonstrates the use of spectrometric methods, such as MALDI-TOF MS, for their detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Buszewski
- Prof. Jan Czochralski Kuyavian-Pomeranian Research & Development Centre, Torun, Poland
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
| | - Dominika Błońska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Torun, Poland
| | - Ewa Kłodzińska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Konop
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šalplachta
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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Microfluidic free-flow electrophoresis: a promising tool for protein purification and analysis in proteomics. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tesařová M, Horká M, Moravcová D, Svojanovská L, Mlynarikova K, Růžička F. SDS-PAGE and Gel IEF: Tool for Differentiation of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Microbiol 2015; 72:315-20. [PMID: 26687464 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0939-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus causes difficult-to-treat healthcare-associated infections in humans. For fast and effective selection of an appropriate antibiotic therapy, it is essential to have rapid and reliable methods for differentiation of methicillin-resistant S. aureus from less dangerous methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. There have been many methods for the identification of methicillin-resistant S. aureus described but none has been accepted as an international standard. The most commonly used techniques such as phenotyping and genotyping have a few disadvantages, for instance, these techniques are not reproducible and stable. In addition, they are time-consuming, expensive, and they are not capable to distinguish all S. aureus strains. In this study, the methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates obtained from patients were extracted in hot water. The released proteins were characterised by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel isoelectric focusing. These two methods were able to differentiate among tested bacterial strains. The proposed methods are time saving, they are applicable in standard biochemical laboratories, and they do not require any expensive equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Tesařová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Horká
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Moravcová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Svojanovská
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Mlynarikova
- The Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 53/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Růžička
- The Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 53/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,The Department of Microbiology, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Pekařská 53, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Šalplachta J, Kubesová A, Horký J, Matoušková H, Tesařová M, Horká M. Characterization of Dickeya and Pectobacterium species by capillary electrophoretic techniques and MALDI-TOF MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7625-35. [PMID: 26229029 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dickeya and Pectobacterium species represent an important group of broad-host-range phytopathogens responsible for blackleg and soft rot diseases on numerous plants including many economically important plants. Although these species are commonly detected using cultural, serological, and molecular methods, these methods are sometimes insufficient to classify the bacteria correctly. On that account, this study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of three individual analytical techniques, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), for reliable classification of Dickeya and Pectobacterium species. Forty-three strains, representing different Dickeya and Pectobacterium species, namely Dickeya dianthicola, Dickeya dadantii, Dickeya dieffenbachiae, Dickeya chrysanthemi, Dickeya zeae, Dickeya paradisiaca, Dickeya solani, Pectobacterium carotovorum, and Pectobacterium atrosepticum, were selected for this purpose. Furthermore, the selected bacteria included one strain which could not be classified using traditional microbiological methods. Characterization of the bacteria was based on different pI values (CIEF), migration velocities (CZE), or specific mass fingerprints (MALDI-TOF MS) of intact cells. All the examined strains, including the undetermined bacterium, were characterized and classified correctly into respective species. MALDI-TOF MS provided the most reliable results in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Šalplachta
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Horký
- Division of Diagnostics, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Šlechtitelů 23, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Matoušková
- Division of Diagnostics, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Šlechtitelů 23, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Tesařová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Horká
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhou CM. Characterization of human papillomavirus by capillary isoelectric focusing with whole-column imaging detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3046-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Zhou
- Department of Quality Research; Shanghai Zerun Biotechnology Co., Ltd; Shanghai; China
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Thomassen YE, van Eikenhorst G, van der Pol LA, Bakker WAM. Isoelectric Point Determination of Live Polioviruses by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing with Whole Column Imaging Detection. Anal Chem 2013; 85:6089-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac400968q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne E. Thomassen
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720
AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gerco van Eikenhorst
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720
AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A. van der Pol
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720
AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfried A. M. Bakker
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology, P.O. Box 450, 3720
AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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de Kort BJ, de Jong GJ, Somsen GW. Native fluorescence detection of biomolecular and pharmaceutical compounds in capillary electrophoresis: Detector designs, performance and applications: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 766:13-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Use of electrophoretic techniques and MALDI–TOF MS for rapid and reliable characterization of bacteria: analysis of intact cells, cell lysates, and “washed pellets”. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:3165-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Šalplachta J, Kubesová A, Horká M. Latest improvements in CIEF: From proteins to microorganisms. Proteomics 2012; 12:2927-36. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Šalplachta
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR; Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR; Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Marie Horká
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR; Brno; Czech Republic
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Horká M, Růžička F, Kubesová A, Šlais K. Dynamic labeling of diagnostically significant microbial cells in cerebrospinal fluid by red chromophoric non-ionogenic surfactant for capillary electrophoresis separations. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 728:86-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Köhler S, Nagl S, Fritzsche S, Belder D. Label-free real-time imaging in microchip free-flow electrophoresis applying high speed deep UV fluorescence scanning. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:458-463. [PMID: 22011722 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20558g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on label-free monitoring of microfluidic free-flow electrophoresis (μFFE) separations in real-time using a custom built high speed deep UV laser scanner. In combination with a novel layout realized in fused silica (FS) FFE chips the setup was successfully applied for continuous separations and detection of unlabeled analytes including native proteins by space-resolved intrinsic deep UV fluorescence scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Köhler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Horká M, Kubesová A, Šalplachta J, Zapletalová E, Horký J, Šlais K. Capillary and gel electromigration techniques and MALDI-TOF MS – Suitable tools for identification of filamentous fungi. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 716:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Horká M, Růžička F, Kubesová A, Němcová E, Šlais K. Separation of phenotypically indistinguishable Candida species, C. orthopsilosis, C. metapsilosis and C. parapsilosis, by capillary electromigration techniques. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3900-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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The trace analysis of microorganisms in real samples by combination of a filtration microcartridge and capillary isoelectric focusing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:3133-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shin GW, Hwang HS, Chung B, Jung GY. Recent developments in CE-based detection methods for food-borne pathogens. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2137-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Horká M, Horký J, Kubesová A, Mazanec K, Matoušková H, Šlais K. Electromigration techniques – a fast and economical tool for differentiation of similar strains of microorganisms. Analyst 2010; 135:1636-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Veledo MT, Pelaez-Lorenzo C, Gonzalez R, de Frutos M, Diez-Masa JC. Protein fingerprinting of Staphylococcus species by capillary electrophoresis with on-capillary derivatization and laser-induced fluorescence detection. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 658:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Liu Z, Ou J, Samy R, Glawdel T, Huang T, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Side-by-side comparison of disposable microchips with commercial capillary cartridges for application in capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2008; 8:1738-1741. [PMID: 18813399 DOI: 10.1039/b807646d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Simple-structured, well-functioned disposable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchips were developed for capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection (CIEF-WCID). Side-by-side comparison of the developed microchips with well-established commercial capillary cartridges demonstrated that the disposable microchips have comparable performance as well as advantages such as absence of lens effect and possibility of high-aspect-ratio accompanied with a dramatic reduction in cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Recent developments in capillary isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1204:157-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kostal V, Arriaga EA. Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2578-86. [PMID: 18576409 PMCID: PMC3037010 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This review covers research papers published in the years 2005-2007 that describe the application of capillary electrophoresis to the analysis of biological particles such as whole cells, subcellular organelles, viruses and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vratislav Kostal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Dou P, Liu Z, He J, Xu JJ, Chen HY. Rapid and high-resolution glycoform profiling of recombinant human erythropoietin by capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1190:372-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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