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Beutner A, Herl T, Matysik FM. Selectivity enhancement in capillary electrophoresis by means of two-dimensional separation or dual detection concepts. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1057:18-35. [PMID: 30832915 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
For the identification and quantification of analytes in complex samples, highly selective analytical strategies are required. The selectivity of single separation techniques such as gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), or capillary electrophoresis (CE) with common detection principles can be enhanced by hyphenating orthogonal separation techniques but also by using complementary detection systems. In this review, two-dimensional systems containing CE in at least one dimension are reviewed, namely LC-CE or 2D CE systems. Particular attention is paid to the aspect of selectivity enhancement due to the orthogonality of the different separation mechanisms. As an alternative concept, dual detection approaches are reviewed using the common detectors of CE such as UV/VIS, laser-induced fluorescence, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity (C4D), electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry. Special emphasis is given to dual detection systems implementing the highly flexible C4D as one detection component. Selectivity enhancement can be achieved in case of complementarity of the different detection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Beutner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Herl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank-Michael Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Grochocki W, Markuszewski MJ, Quirino JP. Multidimensional capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:135-43. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Grochocki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics; Medical University of Gdansk; Gdansk Poland
| | - Michał J. Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics; Medical University of Gdansk; Gdansk Poland
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Hobart Australia
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Kler PA, Sydes D, Huhn C. Column–coupling strategies for multidimensional electrophoretic separation techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:119-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhu Y, Zhang L, Qian J, Gao F, Ma F, Zhang W. Theoretical and experimental investigations on migration behavior of weak monoprotic acids in continuous two-dimensional ion exchange/reversed phase CEC. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3028-35. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Junhong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Fei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China
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Abstract
Microscale 2D separation systems have been implemented in capillaries and microfabricated channels. They offer advantages of faster analysis, higher separation efficiency and less sample consumption than the conventional methods, such as liquid chromatography (LC) in a column and slab gel electrophoresis. In this article, we review their recent advancement, focusing on three types of platforms, including 2D capillary electrophoresis (CE), CE coupling with capillary LC, and microfluidic devices. A variety of CE and LC modes have been employed to construct 2D separation systems via sophistically designed interfaces. Coupling of different separation modes has also been realized in a number of microfluidic devices. These separation systems have been applied for the proteomic analysis of various biological samples, ranging from a single cell to tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6250, USA
| | - Ke Liu
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6250, USA
| | - Z. Hugh Fan
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6250, USA
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6131, USA
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Zhang X, Zhang Z. Heart-cut two-dimensional separation method via hyphenation of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography and capillary zone electrophoresis using analyte focusing by micelle collapse. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1641-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang Z, Du X, Li X. Sweeping with Electrokinetic Injection and Analyte Focusing by Micelle Collapse in Two-Dimensional Separation via Integration of Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1291-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac102344y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Du
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
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Wei J, Gu X, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yan C. Two-dimensional separation system by on-line hyphenation of capillary isoelectric focusing with pressurized capillary electrochromatography for peptide and protein mapping. Electrophoresis 2010; 32:230-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Felhofer JL, Blanes L, Garcia CD. Recent developments in instrumentation for capillary electrophoresis and microchip-capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2469-86. [PMID: 20665910 PMCID: PMC2928674 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, there has been an explosion in the number of developments and applications of CE and microchip-CE. In part, this growth has been the direct consequence of recent developments in instrumentation associated with CE. This review, which is focused on the contributions published in the last 5 years, is intended to complement the articles presented in this special issue dedicated to instrumentation and to provide an overview of the general trends and some of the most remarkable developments published in the areas of high-voltage power supplies, detectors, auxiliary components, and compact systems. It also includes a few examples of alternative uses of and modifications to traditional CE instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Felhofer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States of America
| | - Lucas Blanes
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carlos D. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States of America
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11
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Zhang S. Online purification and determination of β-antagonists in blood sample based on heart-cutting CE with electrochemical detection. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:3449-57. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Zhang S. Online preconcentration and two‐dimensional separation of cationic compoundsviahyphenation of capillary zone electrophoresis with cyclodextrin‐modified micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1958-66. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zhang ZX, Zhang XW, Zhang SS. Heart-cut capillary electrophoresis for drug analysis in mouse blood with electrochemical detection. Anal Biochem 2009; 387:171-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2008] [Revised: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Anouti S, Vandenabeele-Trambouze O, Koval D, Cottet H. Heart-cutting 2-D CE using multiple detection points for chiral analysis of native amino acids. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2-10. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Silva M. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography: Methodological and instrumental advances focused on practical aspects. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:50-64. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Anouti S, Vandenabeele-Trambouze O, Koval D, Cottet H. Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional Capillary Electrophoresis for the On-Line Purification and Separation of Derivatized Amino Acids. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1730-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702117h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Anouti
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 1Université de Montpellier 2), place Eugène Bataillon CC 017, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, and Ústav Organické Chemie a Biochemie AV ČR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2. 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Odile Vandenabeele-Trambouze
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 1Université de Montpellier 2), place Eugène Bataillon CC 017, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, and Ústav Organické Chemie a Biochemie AV ČR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2. 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Koval
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 1Université de Montpellier 2), place Eugène Bataillon CC 017, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, and Ústav Organické Chemie a Biochemie AV ČR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2. 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hervé Cottet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRSUniversité de Montpellier 1Université de Montpellier 2), place Eugène Bataillon CC 017, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, and Ústav Organické Chemie a Biochemie AV ČR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2. 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Ptolemy AS, Britz-McKibbin P. New advances in on-line sample preconcentration by capillary electrophoresis using dynamic pH junction. Analyst 2008; 133:1643-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b808236g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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