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Ji L, Liu LY, Cho M, Karaaslan MA, Renneckar S. Revisiting the Molar Mass and Conformation of Derivatized Fractionated Softwood Kraft Lignin. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:708-719. [PMID: 34968020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The limited utilization of reliable tools and standards for determination of the softwood kraft lignin molar mass and the corresponding molecular conformation hampers elucidation of the structure-property relationships of lignin. At issue, conventional size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is unable to robustly measure the molar mass because of a lack of calibration standards with a similar structure to lignin. In the present work, the determination of the absolute molar mass of acetylated technical lignin was revisited utilizing SEC combined with multi-angle light scattering with a band pass filter to suppress the fluorescence. Fractionated lignin isolated using sequential techniques of solvent and membrane methods was used to enhance the clarity of light-scattering profiles by narrowing the molar mass distribution of lignin fractions. Further information on the molecular conformation of derivatized samples was studied utilizing a differential viscometer, and chemical structures were identified by NMR spectroscopy analysis. Through the help of fractionation, intrinsic viscosity values were determined for the different fractions as a function of molecular weight cut-off membranes. The derivatized acetone-soluble lignin was found to possess a lower molecular weight and an extremely compact structure relative to the derivatized acetone-insoluble fraction based on a significantly lower "α" value in the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada plot (0.15 acetone-soluble vs 0.33 acetone-insoluble). The differences in geometry were supported by the linkage analysis from NMR showing the acetone-soluble part containing fewer native linkages. In both of these examples, kraft lignin behaved like a solid sphere, limiting the ability to provide entanglements between molecular chains. From this standpoint, macroscopic properties of lignin are justified with this knowledge of a dense and extremely compact structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Ji
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Li-Yang Liu
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mijung Cho
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Muzaffer A Karaaslan
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Scott Renneckar
- Advanced Renewable Materials Lab, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Yokota‐Imai S, Chida S, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Gotoh T. Comparative study of the microstructure of solid rubber from
Ficus carica
and
Hevea brasiliensis
. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saki Yokota‐Imai
- Department of Materials Science Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University Akita Japan
| | - Shinsuke Chida
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory Bioscience Education‐Research Support Center, Akita University Akita Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Saitama Japan
| | - Takeshi Gotoh
- Department of Materials Science Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University Akita Japan
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3
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Nun‐anan P, Wisunthorn S, Pichaiyut S, Nathaworn CD, Nakason C. Influence of nonrubber components on properties of unvulcanized natural rubber. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phattarawadee Nun‐anan
- Faculty of Science and Industrial TechnologyPrince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus Surat Thani 84000 Thailand
| | - Suwaluk Wisunthorn
- Faculty of Science and Industrial TechnologyPrince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus Surat Thani 84000 Thailand
| | - Skulrat Pichaiyut
- Faculty of Science and Industrial TechnologyPrince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus Surat Thani 84000 Thailand
| | | | - Charoen Nakason
- Faculty of Science and Industrial TechnologyPrince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus Surat Thani 84000 Thailand
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Rolere S, Deme F, Sainte-Beuve J, Bonfils F. EFFECT OF MASTICATION ON THE STRUCTURE OF MICROGEL PRESENT IN NATURAL RUBBER. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.16.83766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Mechanical or thermal mastication experiments were performed on three commercial natural rubber (NR) samples of TSR10 grade made from latex of three different clones (GT1, PB235, and RRIM600). The mesostructure (different gel or aggregate fractions, structure of random coils of cis-1,4-polyisoprene) of all the NR samples was fully characterized by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multiangle light scattering (SEC-MALS), using pretreated SEC columns. This method was used to quantify and investigate the structure of the little-studied smaller microaggregates, constituting the microgel fraction smaller than 1 μm (Microgel<1μ) of NR. The three unmasticated NR samples showed no difference in terms of microaggregate structure. Conversely, microaggregates appeared denser after mastication. This phenomenon was found to depend on the mastication conditions, as mechanically masticated NR samples had smaller (lower radius of gyration) and more compact microaggregates than thermally masticated samples. Macrogel also behaved differently depending on the mastication conditions. Mechanical mastication conditions allowed a higher degradation of the macrogel compared with thermal mastication conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Deme
- LRCCP–Laboratoire de Recherches et de Contrôle du Caoutchouc et des Plastiques, F-94408 Vitry sur Seine Cedex, France
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5
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Rolere S, Cazevieille C, Sainte-Beuve J, Bonfils F. New insights on Natural Rubber microgel structure thanks to a new method for microaggregates extraction. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Makan AC, Otte T, Pasch H. Analysis of High Molar Mass Branched Polybutadienes by SEC-MALLS and AF4-MALLS. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3007812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwell C. Makan
- Department of Chemistry and
Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Tino Otte
- Postnova Analytics GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 14, 86899 Landsberg, Germany
| | - Harald Pasch
- Department of Chemistry and
Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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7
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Dubascoux S, Thepchalerm C, Dubreucq E, Wisunthorn S, Vaysse L, Kiatkamjornwong S, Nakason C, Bonfils F. Comparative study of the mesostructure of natural and synthetic polyisoprene by size exclusion chromatography-multi-angle light scattering and asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation-multi-angle light scattering. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1224:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Wisunthorn S, Liengprayoon S, Vaysse L, Beuve JS, Bonfils F. SEC-MALS study of dynamic structuring of natural rubber: Comparative study of two Hevea brasiliensis genotypes. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Galiani PD, Martins MA, de Souza Gonçalves P, McMahan CM, Capparelli Mattoso LH. Seasonal and clonal variations in technological and thermal properties of raw Hevea natural rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Leblanc JL, Pilard JF, Pianhanuruk E, Campistron I, Buzaré JY. Characterizing gum natural rubber samples through advanced techniques. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Intapun J, Sainte-Beuve J, Bonfils F, Tanrattanakul V, Dubreucq E, Vaysse L. Effect of microorganisms during the initial coagulum maturation of Hevea natural rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Martinez-Castro N, Zhou Z, Liu G. Preparation and properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(acrylic acid)-coated cobalt nanocrystals. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Barouh N, Abdelkafi S, Fouquet B, Pina M, Scheirlinckx F, Carrière F, Villeneuve P. Neutral Lipid Characterization of Non-Water-Soluble Fractions of Carica Papaya Latex. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Kim C, Deratani A, Bonfils F. DETERMINATION OF THE REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLY(CIS-1,4-ISOPRENE) SOLUTIONS AND ITS EFFECT ON STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903427072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandy Kim
- a Cambodian Rubber Research Institute , Phnom Penh , Cambodia
| | - André Deratani
- b Institut Européen des Membranes , CNRS – ENSCM – Université Montpellier 2 , Montpellier Cedex , France
| | - Frédéric Bonfils
- c UMR 1208 Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro , CIRAD, Université Montpellier 2, UMR IATE - CIRAD , Montpellier Cedex , France
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15
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Hutchings LR, Dodds JM, Rees D, Kimani SM, Wu JJ, Smith E. HyperMacs to HyperBlocks: A Novel Class of Branched Thermoplastic Elastomer. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901819f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian R. Hutchings
- Polymer IRC, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Dodds
- Polymer IRC, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - David Rees
- Polymer IRC, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon M. Kimani
- Polymer IRC, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Jie Wu
- School of Engineering, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Smith
- School of Engineering, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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16
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Kim C, Morel MH, Beuve JS, Guilbert S, Bonfils F. Better characterization of raw natural rubber by decreasing the rotor speed of Mooney viscometer: Role of macromolecular structure. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Study of chain branching in natural rubber using size-exclusion chromatography coupled with a multi-angle light scattering detector (SEC-MALS). Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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van Dieck J, Fernandez-Fernandez MR, Veprintsev DB, Fersht AR. Modulation of the oligomerization state of p53 by differential binding of proteins of the S100 family to p53 monomers and tetramers. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:13804-13811. [PMID: 19297317 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m901351200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the ways S100B, S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, and S100A6 bind to the different oligomeric forms of the tumor suppressor p53 in vitro, using analytical ultracentrifugation and multiangle light scattering. It is established that members of the S100 protein family bind to the tetramerization domain (residues 325-355) of p53 when it is uncovered in the monomer, and so binding can disrupt the tetramer. We found a stoichiometry of one dimer of S100 bound to a monomer of p53. We discovered that some S100 proteins could also bind to the tetramer. S100B bound the tetramer and also disrupted the dimer by binding monomeric p53. S100A2 bound monomeric p53 as well as tetrameric, whereas S100A1 only bound monomeric p53. S100A6 bound more tightly to tetrameric than to monomeric p53. We also identified an additional binding site for S100 proteins in the transactivation domain (1-57) of p53. Based on our results and published observations in vivo, we propose a model for the binding of S100 proteins to p53 that can explain both activation and inhibition of p53-mediated transcription. Depending on the concentration of p53 and the member of the S100 family, binding can alter the balance between monomer and tetramer in either direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan van Dieck
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology and MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria R Fernandez-Fernandez
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology and MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry B Veprintsev
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology and MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R Fersht
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology and MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom.
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