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Struzina L, Pineda M, Yargeau V. Occurrence and removal of legacy plasticizers and flame retardants through a drinking water treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169333. [PMID: 38097079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of thirty-four flame retardants and plasticizers throughout treatment steps in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) was analyzed to assess removal efficiencies of filtration, ultraviolet (UV) treatment, and chlorination. Legacy compounds and replacements were included to compare their presence and persistence. Twenty-four-hour composite sampling, offset to account for retention time, was performed at a direct filtration DWTP in Montreal, Canada over a three-day period. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), considered legacy flame retardants, were infrequently detected or at concentrations <1 ng/L. When overall removal efficiencies could be calculated, the removal of ∑7PBDEs was 49 and 94 % for days 2 and 3, respectively. No removal could be calculated on day 1 as PBDEs were only detected in finished drinking water. Higher brominated PBDEs BDE-183 and BDE-154 were only detected in raw water. Organophosphate esters (OPEs), considered replacement flame retardants, were frequently detected in all water samples. The total average concentration of ∑15OPes was 501 ng/L in raw water and 162 ng/L in drinking water, with an average removal efficiency of 67 %. OPEs were mainly removed during filtration, with TCIPP, TDCIPP, and TPHP showing statistically significant removal of 76, 84, and 95 %, respectively. The total average concentration of ∑8plasticizers was 2938 ng/L in raw water and 116 ng/L in drinking water. All plasticizers, except for metabolite MEHP, had significant removal from filtration, and the overall removal of plasticizers ranged from 20 % for DEP to 99 % for DEHP. Drinking water treatment decreases the concentration of these contaminants in drinking water but was less effective in removing flame retardants than plasticizers, as indicated by their higher number of PBDEs detected and higher concentrations of OPEs measured. To our knowledge, it is the first report of the removal of PBDEs, OPE metabolites and plasticizer replacements (DEHA, DIDA, DINCH, DINP) during drinking water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Struzina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 rue University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Marco Pineda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 rue University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Viviane Yargeau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 rue University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada.
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Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Spatial monitoring and health risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental matrices from an industrialized impacted canal in South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3409-3424. [PMID: 34609624 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the pollution of Markman stormwater runoff, which is a tributary to Swartkops River Estuary. Solid-phase and ultrasonic extraction methods were utilized in the extraction of water and sediment samples, respectively. The pH of the sampling sites was above the EU guideline. The ranges of concentration of [Formula: see text]PBDE obtained in water and sediment samples for all the seasons were 58.47-1357 ng/L and 175-408 ng/g, respectively. Results also showed that BDE-66 was the dominant congener, specifically in the industrial zone, where its concentrations ranged from 2 to 407 ng/g in sediment. Consequently, the high concentration of BDE- 66 in the sediment of stormwater calls for concern. Penta-BDE suggests potential moderate eco-toxicological risk, as evident in the calculated risk assessment. The result showed possible photodegradation along the contaminant's travel time, as only 7% of the PBDE was detected at the point of entry into the Swartkops River Estuary. Markman stormwater may be contributing heavily to the pollution load of Swartkops River, as evident in the alarming concentrations of PBDEs obtained. The industries at this zone should eliminate the contaminants before discharging their effluents into the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, National University of Lesotho, P.O. Roma, 180, Lesotho
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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3
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Struzina L, Pineda Castro MA, Kubwabo C, Siddique S, Zhang G, Fan X, Tian L, Bayen S, Aneck-Hahn N, Bornman R, Chevrier J, Misunis M, Yargeau V. Occurrence of legacy and replacement plasticizers, bisphenols, and flame retardants in potable water in Montreal and South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156581. [PMID: 35697219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of thirty-nine contaminants including plasticizers, bisphenols, and flame retardants in potable water from Montreal and South Africa was analyzed to determine their presence and concentrations in different water sources. In Montreal, five bottled water (BW) brands and three drinking water treatment plants (DWTP) were included. In South Africa, water was sampled from one urban DWTP located in Pretoria, Gauteng, and one rural DWTP located in Vhembe, along with water from the same rural DWTP which had been stored in small and large plastic containers. A combination of legacy compounds, typically with proven toxic effects, and replacement compounds was investigated. Bisphenols, Dechlorane-602, Dechlorane-603, and s-dechlorane plus (s-DP) were not detected in any water samples, and a-dechlorane plus (a-DP) was only detected in one sample from Pretoria at a concentration of 1.09 ng/L. Lower brominated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)s were detected more frequently than higher brominated PBDEs, always at low concentrations of <2 ng/L, and total PBDE levels were statistically higher in South Africa than in Montreal. Replacement flame retardants, organophosphate esters (OPEs), were detected at statistically higher concentrations in Montreal's BW (68.56 ng/L), drinking water (DW) (421.45 ng/L) and Vhembe (198.33 ng/L) than legacy PBDEs. Total OPE concentrations did not demonstrate any geographical trend; however, levels were statistically higher in Montreal's DW than Montreal's BW. Plasticizers were frequently detected in all samples, with legacy compounds DEHP, DBP, and replacement DINCH being detected in 100 % of samples with average concentrations ranging from 6.89 ng/L for DEHP in Pretoria to 175.04 ng/L for DINCH in Montreal's DW. Total plasticizer concentrations were higher in Montreal than in South Africa. The replacement plasticizers (DINCH, DINP, DIDA, and DEHA) were detected at similar frequencies and concentrations as legacy plasticizers (DEHP, DEP, DBP, MEHP). For the compounds reported in earlier studies, the concentrations detected in the present study were similar to other locations. These compounds are not currently regulated in drinking water but their frequent detection, especially OPEs and plasticizers, and the presence of replacement compounds at similar or higher levels than their legacy compounds demonstrate the importance of further investigating the prevalence and the ecological or human health effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Struzina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Cariton Kubwabo
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shabana Siddique
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gong Zhang
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Xinghua Fan
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalie Aneck-Hahn
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, 0007 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Riana Bornman
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, 0007 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Viviane Yargeau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
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Cloud point extraction coupled with ultrasonic-assisted back-extraction for the determination of metalaxyl, fludioxonil and fenarimol in fruits by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liew CSM, Lee HK. Online water sampling-quickMix-assisted miniscale liquid-liquid extraction coupled with full evaporation dynamic headspace concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang Q, Okoli CP. Development of a Solid-Phase Extraction Method Based on Biocompatible Starch Polyurethane Polymers for GC-MS Analysis of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Ambient Water Samples. Molecules 2022; 27:3253. [PMID: 35630728 PMCID: PMC9144483 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for the extraction, enrichment, and analysis of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in water was developed. The current approach involves using a cross-linked starch-based polymer as an extraction adsorbent and determining the PBDE analytes of interest using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in negative chemical ionization mode (GC-NCI-MS). The starch-based polymer was synthesized by the reaction of soluble starch with 4,4'-methylene-bis-phenyldiisocyanate as a cross-linking agent in dry dimethylformamide. Various parameters impacting extraction efficiencies, such as adsorbent quantity, sample volumes, elution solvents and volumes, and methanol content, were carefully optimized. The 500 mg of starch-based polymer as an adsorbent used to extract 1000 mL of spiked water, presented high extraction recoveries of eight PBDEs. The linearity of the extraction process was investigated in the range of 1-200 ng L-1 for BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, and 5-200 ng L-1 for BDE-153, 154, 183, and 209, with coefficients of determination (r2) exceeding 0.990 for all PBDEs. The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.06 to 1.42 ng L-1 (S/N = 3) and the relative standard deviation values (RSD) were between 3.6 and 9.5 percent (n = 5) under optimum conditions. The method was successfully used to analyze river and lake water samples, where it exhibited acceptable recovery values of 71.3 to 104.2%. Considering the excellent analytical performance and comparative cost advantage, we recommend the developed starch-based SPE method for routine extraction and analysis of PBDEs in water media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chukwunonso P. Okoli
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Chemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Abakaliki 482131, Nigeria
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Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Semerjian L, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Surface Water and Sediment of Nahoon River Estuary, South Africa. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030832. [PMID: 35164097 PMCID: PMC8839697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations, potential sources, and compositional profile of PBDEs in the surface water and sediment of Nahoon Estuary, East London, South Africa, were investigated with solid-phase extraction and ultra-sonication, respectively, followed by gas-chromatography-electron capture detection. The seasonal range of the contaminants’ concentrations in water and sediment samples in spring season were ∑PBDE 329 ± 48.3 ng/L (25.32–785 ng/L) and ∑PBDE 4.19 ± 0.35 ng/g dw (1.91–6.57 ng/g), but ∑PBDE 62.1 ± 1.50 ng/L (30.1–110 ng/L) and ∑PBDE 65.4 ± 15.9 ng/g dw (1.98–235 ng/g) in summer, respectively. NH1 (first sampling point) was the most contaminated site with PBDE in the Estuary. The potential source of pollution is attributed to the stormwater runoff from a creek emptying directly into the Estuary. This study’s dominant PBDE congener is BDE-17, ranging from below detection limit to 247 ng/L and 0.14–32.1 ng/g in water and sediment samples, respectively. Most detected at all the sites were BDE-17, 47, 66, and 100. Most BDE-153 and 183 are found in sediment in agreement with the fact that higher brominated congeners of PBDE adsorb to solid materials. There was no correlation between the congeners and organic carbon and organic matter. However, the human health risk assessment conducted revealed that the PBDE concentration detected in the estuary poses a low eco-toxicological risk. Nevertheless, constant monitoring should be ensured to see that the river remains safe for the users, as it serves as a form of recreation to the public and a catchment to some neighbourhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (A.O.A.); (A.I.O.); (O.O.O.)
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (A.O.A.); (A.I.O.); (O.O.O.)
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, National University of Lesotho, Roma P.O. Box 180, Lesotho
| | - Lucy Semerjian
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (A.O.A.); (A.I.O.); (O.O.O.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (A.O.A.); (A.I.O.); (O.O.O.)
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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8
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Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Spatial and seasonal variations of endocrine disrupting compounds in water and sediment samples of Markman Canal and Swartkops River Estuary, South Africa and their ecological risk assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113012. [PMID: 34607130 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in surface water and sediment has sparked up a global concern, as they could cause harm to human health. In this study, we investigated five pharmaceuticals (caffeine, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, testosterone, and trimethoprim) in surface water and sediment samples from Swartkops River Estuary and Markman Stormwater Canal, in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) systems coupled with a hyphenated quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) was used for the analysis. Of the five pharmaceuticals investigated, three were detected in sediment samples at concentrations ranging from BDL - 23.86 μg/kg (dw). Caffeine and sulfamethoxazole were below the detection limit. The finding of this current study suggests that Markman and Motherwell's stormwater canals were potential contributors to pollution in Swartkops River Estuary. Ecotoxicity risk assessment indicated that trimethoprim and carbamazepine could constitute potential risk to aquatic organisms in Markman Canal and Swartkops Estuary, suggesting the need for proper control measure to prevent the pollution from toxicants in aquatic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, National University of Lesotho, P. O. Roma, 180, Lesotho
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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Lo Fiego MJ, Lorenzetti AS, Silbestri GF, Domini CE. The use of ultrasound in the South Cone region. Advances in organic and inorganic synthesis and in analytical methods. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 80:105834. [PMID: 34814046 PMCID: PMC8608658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In organic and inorganic synthesis and in analytical methods, an external conventional heat source is usually applied to carry out a chemical reaction at a high temperature, or an extraction procedure. In the last decades, the use of ultrasound as an alternative energy source has become an interesting field of research in these topics in the South Cone region (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Southern Brazil and Paraguay). For this reason, the present review, covering the period 2009 to mid-2021, is a compilation of ultrasound-assisted synthetic and analytical methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos J Lo Fiego
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Anabela S Lorenzetti
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Gustavo F Silbestri
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
| | - Claudia E Domini
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
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Öner M, Bodur S, Erarpat S, Bakirdere S. A Novel Hydrogen Fluoride Assisted-Glass Surface Etching Based Liquid Phase Microextraction for the Determination of 4-n-Nonylphenol in Water by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry with Matrix Matching Strategy. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1433-1438. [PMID: 33867401 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel extraction method named hydrogen fluoride assisted-glass surface etching based liquid phase microextraction (HF-GSE-LPME) was proposed to determine 4-n-nonylphenol at trace levels by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After the evaluation of system analytical performance for the HF-GSE-LPME-GC-MS system, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were calculated as 7.1 and 23.8 ng/g, respectively. Enhancement in detection power of the method was determined to be 22 fold when LOD values of the GC-MS and HF-GSE-LPME-GC-MS systems were compared with each other. Applicability and accuracy of the established method were checked by performing spiking experiments. A matrix matching calibration strategy was applied to boost the accuracy of quantification in both matrices, and the percent recovery results obtained for bottled drinking water and dam lake water samples were in the range of 98 - 107 and 90 - 117%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miray Öner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University
| | - Sezin Erarpat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University
| | - Sezgin Bakirdere
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University.,Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA)
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Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environmental systems: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1229-1247. [PMID: 34150307 PMCID: PMC8172818 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PBDEs are human-influenced chemicals utilized massively as flame retardants. They are environmentally persistent, not easily degraded, bioaccumulate in the biological tissue of organisms, and bio-magnify across the food web. They can travel over a long distance, with air and water being their possible transport media. They can be transferred to non-target organisms by inhalation, oral ingestion, breastfeeding, or dermal contact. These pollutants adsorb easily to solid matrices due to their lipophilicity and hydrophobicity; thus, sediments from rivers, lakes, estuaries, and ocean are becoming their major reservoirs aquatic environments. They have low acute toxicity, but the effects of interfering with the thyroid hormone metabolism in the endocrine system are long term. Many congeners of PBDEs are considered to pose a danger to humans and the aquatic environment. They have shown the possibility of causing many undesirable effects, together with neurologic, immunological, and reproductive disruptions and possible carcinogenicity in humans. PBDEs have been detected in small amounts in biological samples, including hair, human semen, blood, urine, and breastmilk, and environmental samples such as sediment, soil, sewage sludge, air, biota, fish, mussels, surface water, and wastewater. The congeners prevailing in environmental samples, with soil being the essential matrix, are BDE 47, 99, and 100. BDE 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 are more frequently detected in human tissues, whereas in sediment and soil, BDE 100 and 183 predominate. Generally, BDE 153 and 154 appear very often across different matrices. However, BDE 209 seems not frequently determined, owing to its tendency to quickly breakdown into smaller congeners. This paper carried out an overview of PBDEs in the environmental, human, and biota niches with their characteristics, physicochemical properties, and fate in the environment, human exposure, and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
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12
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Quantitative Detection of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle in Environmental Water by Cloud Point Extraction Combined ICP-MS. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9958422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing usage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) inevitably leads to their release into the environment. To understand their fate and toxicity in water systems, a reliable method for the quantitative analysis of ZnONPs in environmental waters is urgently needed to be established. In this study, a quantitative analytical method of ZnONPs in environmental waters was developed by cloud point extraction (CPE) combined inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To obtain high recoveries of ZnONPs, the CPE parameters including pH, surfactant concentration, salt concentration, bath temperature, and time were optimized. The results demonstrated that the addition of β-mercaptoethylamine could significantly reduce the interference of Zn2+ on the extraction of ZnONPs, while the CPE approach was not affected significantly by the typical environmental inorganic ion and ENMs (such as Au, TiO2, and Al2O3). The extraction method of ZnONPs with different diameters was also assessed, and satisfactory extraction efficiency was obtained. The results of ZnONP concentration in collected environmental water were in the range of
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μg/L. And the recoveries of ZnONPs in different environmental waters were
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at low concentration spiked levels (12.57-54.68 μg/L), demonstrating that it is efficient to extract trace ZnONPs from real environmental waters. This established method offered a reliable method for the quantitative determination of ZnONPs in environmental waters, which could further promote the study of the environmental behavior, fate, and toxicity of ZnONPs in an aqueous environment.
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Velázquez-Gómez M, Lacorte S. Organic pollutants in indoor dust from Ecuadorian Amazonia areas affected by oil extractivism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109499. [PMID: 32334168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-five household dust samples collected within six settlements surrounding oil production complexes along the Ecuadorian Amazonia were analysed to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, alkylphenols (APs), bisphenol A (BPA), nicotine, organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), legacy organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and organophosphorus pesticides. Studied areas are mainly affected by gas flares emissions and oil spilling coming from extractivist operations and pesticides used in agriculture. Median ΣPAHs values ranged from 739 to 1182 ng g-1 and up to 52% of the PAH dust concentrations were associated to petrogenic activities from crude oil extraction, according to diagnostic ratios. ΣPAHs and toxic equivalents based on benzo[a]pyrene concentration (ΣTEQBaP, ng g-1) suggested similar toxicities among the different areas. Individual lifetime cancer risk (ILCRdust) was calculated for ingestion and dermal contact exposure routes and a non-acceptable total carcinogenic risk of up to 10-4 (one case per ten thousand people) was found for newborns from 0 to 3 years-old in Pimampiro area. Plasticisers and OPFRs were present in dust at maximum median concentrations of 332,507 ng g-1 (DEHP), 5,249 ng g-1 (DBP), 1,885 ng g-1 (BPA), 871 ng g-1 (TBOEP) and 122 ng g-1 (TEHP). Some dust samples from Ecuadorian houses had high maximum levels of legacy and modern pesticides such as chlorpyrifos (up to 44,176 ng g-1), 4,4'-DDT (12,958 ng g-1), malathion (34,748 ng g-1) and α+β-endosulfan (10,660 ng g-1) attributed to inappropriate use and storage of the pesticides. Finally, nicotine was seldom detected (36 ng g-1). The sources and risks of these compounds are discussed based on the activities carried out in the study areas and attending to an additional non-cancer risk assessment which showed high hazard quotients (HQ) and hazard indexes (HI) for DEHP, DBP, 4,4'-DDT, malathion, chlorpyrifos, naphthalene and benzo[a]pyrene in newborns and children up to 16 years-old.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velázquez-Gómez
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - S Lacorte
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Yang J, Huang D, Zhang L, Xue W, Wei X, Qin J, Ou S, Wang J, Peng X, Zhang Z, Zou Y. Multiple-life-stage probabilistic risk assessment for the exposure of Chinese population to PBDEs and risk managements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:1178-1190. [PMID: 30189534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies assessing body burden of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure have been conducted in the United States and Europe. However, the long-term assessment that is associated with multimedia exposure of PBDEs for the Chinese population is not available. The current study estimated the health risks using large PBDEs data to quantify the contributions of various media from different regions and distinguished the most vulnerable periods in life. We summarized media-specific (soil, dust, outdoor and indoor air, human milk and food) concentration of PBDEs in China from 2005 to 2016. Probabilistic risk assessment was adopted to estimate the health risks of infants, toddlers, children, teenagers and adults through ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption. Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis were performed to quantify risk estimates uncertainties. E-waste areas had the highest PBDEs concentration, which was at least an order of magnitude higher than in other areas. BDE209 was the primary congener, accounting for 38-99% of the estimated daily intake. The dominant exposure pathway for infants was dietary intake through human milk, whereas dust ingestion was a higher contributing factor for toddlers, children, teenagers and adults. The 95th percentile of hazard index for infants and toddlers from e-waste areas of Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces exceeded one. Our estimates also suggested that infants may have the highest body burdens of PBDEs compared to other age groups. Sensitivity analyses indicated that PBDEs concentrations and ingestion rates contributed to major variances in the risk model. In this study, e-waste was found as a significant source of PBDEs, and PBDEs-containing e-waste are likely to be a threat to human health especially during early period of life. Risk strategies for better managing environmental PBDEs-exposure and human health are needed, due to the high intake of PBDEs and their persistence in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Daizheng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Li'e Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - William Xue
- North Carolina University, 2101 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Songfeng Ou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaowu Peng
- Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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16
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García-Córcoles MT, Rodríguez-Gómez R, de Alarcón-Gómez B, Çipa M, Martín-Pozo L, Kauffmann JM, Zafra-Gómez A. Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Emerging Contaminants in Natural Water and Wastewater Samples: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 49:160-186. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1496010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. T. García-Córcoles
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - R. Rodríguez-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis and Bioelectrochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B. de Alarcón-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M. Çipa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - J.-M. Kauffmann
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis and Bioelectrochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. Zafra-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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17
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Murugesan S, Iyyaswami R. Low frequency sonic waves assisted cloud point extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoate from Cupriavidus necator. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Berton P, Mammana SB, Locatelli DA, Lana NB, Hapon MB, Camargo AB, Altamirano JC. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in milk samples. Development of green extraction coupled techniques for sample preparation. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:460-468. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Berton
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología; Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CONICET); Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
| | - Sabrina B. Mammana
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología; Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CONICET); Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
| | - Daniela A. Locatelli
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM, CONICET); Mendoza Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Nerina B. Lana
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología; Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CONICET); Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
| | - María B. Hapon
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU, CONICET); Mendoza Argentina
| | - Alejandra B. Camargo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM, CONICET); Mendoza Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C. Altamirano
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología; Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CONICET); Mendoza Mendoza Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
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19
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Cacho J, Campillo N, Viñas P, Hernández-Córdoba M. Cloud point extraction and gas chromatography with direct microvial insert thermal desorption for the determination of haloanisoles in alcoholic beverages. Talanta 2016; 160:282-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Ding S, Cao Y, Gong A, Wang Y. Determination of photoinitiator 4-methylbenzophenone in milk by cloud point extraction. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4027-4034. [PMID: 27569853 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and easy sample pretreatment methodology was proposed for the detection of photoinitiator 4-methylbenzophenone from milk before high-performance liquid chromatography. Appropriate conditions for demulsification were studied. The parameters affecting cloud point extraction, such as concentration of Tween-20, electrolyte salt, equilibration temperature, and time, have been investigated. When the spiked level was 200-1000 μg/kg, the average addition standard recovery was 99.14-105.98% with the optimum cloud point extraction conditions (concentration of Tween-20, 138 g/L; mass of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 0.75 g; equilibration temperature, 65°C; equilibration time, 30 min). To decrease the detection limits, further work about the organic solvent, shaking time, and ultrasonic parameters was carried. When the spiked level was 10-100 μg/kg, the average addition standard recovery was 70.40-106.91% with the optimum cloud point extraction and enrichment conditions (optimum cloud point extraction conditions; volume of cyclohexane, 30 mL; shaking time, 20 min; time of ultrasonic, 20 min; temperature of ultrasonic bath, 45°C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Ding
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Cao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Aijun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
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21
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Wang H, Ding J, Ding L, Ren N. Analysis of sulfonamides in soil, sediment, and sludge based on dynamic microwave-assisted micellar extraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12954-12965. [PMID: 26996907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A green and high-throughput analytical method was described for the simultaneous determination of ten sulfonamides (SAs) from soil, sediment, and sludge in northeast China. None of potentially hazardous organic solvents was used in the whole sample preparation procedure, and the total preparation time of 15 samples was about 18 min. The limits of detection for the SAs were in the range of 0.42-0.68 ng g(-1). The intra-day and inter-day precisions, expressed by the relative standard deviation, were below 7 %. Under the optimum conditions, the recoveries of ten SAs were between 69.7 and 102.7 %. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyze the SAs residues in agricultural soils, river sediments, and sewage sludge. SAs were found at the levels of 1.40-2.31 ng g(-1) and 3.77-29.29 ng g(-1) in the sediments and sludge, respectively. The aging effect of spiked soil samples on the SAs recoveries was examined, and the results demonstrate that eight SAs could persist in five soils for 3 months. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed method could reduce the consumption of the organic solvent, shorten the sample preparation time, and increase the sample throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Lan Ding
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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22
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Zhou JB, She XK, Xing HZ, Wang X, Zhao RS. Enrichment and determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental water samples by magnetic solid-phase extraction with core-shell magnetic carbon microspheres before gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1955-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Kun She
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Han-Zhu Xing
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Ru-Song Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
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23
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Shokrollahi A, Kashkoli FD. Determination of Violet Covasol as a cosmetic dye in water samples by a CPE-Scanometry method. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Development of an analytical method for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sewage sludge by the use of gas chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 915:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Alarcón F, Bustamante R, Quiroz W, Aguilar LF, Bravo MA. Evaluation of cloud point extraction coupled with fluorescence spectroscopy and multivariate curve resolution–alternating least squares for tributyltin determination in sediment samples. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Hunzicker GA, Hein GJ, Hernández SR, Altamirano JC. Cloud point extraction for analysis of antiretrovirals in human plasma by UFLC-ESI-MS/MS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ancr.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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She XK, Wang X, Zhou JB, Zhao RS. Porous lead(II)-based metal organic nanotubes as an adsorbent for dispersive solid-phase extraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers from environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1423:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Berton P, Lana NB, Ríos JM, García-Reyes JF, Altamirano JC. State of the art of environmentally friendly sample preparation approaches for determination of PBDEs and metabolites in environmental and biological samples: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 905:24-41. [PMID: 26755134 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Green chemistry principles for developing methodologies have gained attention in analytical chemistry in recent decades. A growing number of analytical techniques have been proposed for determination of organic persistent pollutants in environmental and biological samples. In this light, the current review aims to present state-of-the-art sample preparation approaches based on green analytical principles proposed for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and metabolites (OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs) in environmental and biological samples. Approaches to lower the solvent consumption and accelerate the extraction, such as pressurized liquid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction, are discussed in this review. Special attention is paid to miniaturized sample preparation methodologies and strategies proposed to reduce organic solvent consumption. Additionally, extraction techniques based on alternative solvents (surfactants, supercritical fluids, or ionic liquids) are also commented in this work, even though these are scarcely used for determination of PBDEs. In addition to liquid-based extraction techniques, solid-based analytical techniques are also addressed. The development of greener, faster and simpler sample preparation approaches has increased in recent years (2003-2013). Among green extraction techniques, those based on the liquid phase predominate over those based on the solid phase (71% vs. 29%, respectively). For solid samples, solvent assisted extraction techniques are preferred for leaching of PBDEs, and liquid phase microextraction techniques are mostly used for liquid samples. Likewise, green characteristics of the instrumental analysis used after the extraction and clean-up steps are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Berton
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Nerina B Lana
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Juan M Ríos
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina.
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29
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A cadmium(II)-based metal-organic framework material for the dispersive solid-phase extraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:334-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Santos MSF, Moreira JL, Madeira LM, Alves A. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water at ng/L level by a simple DLLME–GC–(EI) MS method. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193481511012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Shan H, Liu C, Wang Z, Ma T, Shang J, Pan D. A fluorescence-based method for rapid and direct determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:853085. [PMID: 25705548 PMCID: PMC4326270 DOI: 10.1155/2015/853085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method was developed for rapid and direct measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aqueous samples using fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra of tri- to deca-BDE (BDE 28, 47, 99, 153, 190, and 209) commonly found in environment were measured at variable emission and excitation wavelengths. The results revealed that the PBDEs have distinct fluorescence spectral profiles and peak positions that can be exploited to identify these species and determine their concentrations in aqueous solutions. The detection limits as determined in deionized water spiked with PBDEs are 1.71-5.82 ng/L for BDE 28, BDE 47, BDE 190, and BDE 209 and 45.55-69.95 ng/L for BDE 99 and BDE 153. The effects of environmental variables including pH, humic substance, and groundwater chemical composition on PBDEs measurements were also investigated. These environmental variables affected fluorescence intensity, but their effect can be corrected through linear additivity and separation of spectral signal contribution. Compared with conventional GC-based analytical methods, the fluorescence spectroscopy method is more efficient as it only uses a small amount of samples (2-4 mL), avoids lengthy complicated concentration and extraction steps, and has a low detection limit of a few ng/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Shan
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Zheming Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianying Shang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Duoqiang Pan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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32
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Jiang R, Ouyang G. Fast Analytical Techniques Based on Microextraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63299-9.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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33
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Huang L, Li C, Lai Y, Qiu B, Cai Z. Interaction of 2-(2',4'-bromophenoxyl)-benzoquinone with deoxynucleosides and DNA in vitro. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 118:29-34. [PMID: 25433400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) may be metabolized to form hydroxylated and quinone products. Study on the formation of DNA adducts altered by PBDEs quinones was conducted. Various types of DNA adducts generated from in vitro reaction of deoxyguanosine (dG), 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA), 2'-deoxycytidine (dC), thymidine (T) and DNA with a PBDE-quinone metabolite, namely 2-(2',4'-bromophenoxyl)-benzoquinone (2'4'BrPhO-BQ) were characterized. The results suggest that the quinone compound could form various DNA adducts with dG, dA and dC via Michael Addition, which was confirmed from analyses by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Two adducts were respectively generated from the reactions of 2'4'BrPhO-BQ with dC and dG, while three adducts were produced with dA. The formation of adducts of 2'4'BrPhO-BQ-deoxynucleoside changed with different pH of reaction solution. The obtained results demonstrated that 2'4'BrPhO-BQ could covalently bind to DNA mediated by quinone group. The in vitro data of the formation of DNA adducts might be valuable to elucidate the mechanism of interaction between PBDEs and DNA in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Charlie Li
- California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, G365, Richmond, CA 94564, USA
| | - Yongquan Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Bin Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Huang F, Berton P, Lu C, Siraj N, Wang C, Magut PKS, Warner IM. Surfactant-based ionic liquids for extraction of phenolic compounds combined with rapid quantification using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2463-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhi Huang
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Anhui University; Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Paula Berton
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Research and Development (QUIANID); Instituto de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Mendoza Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Argentina
| | - Chengfei Lu
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
| | - Noureen Siraj
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
- College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding Hebei P. R. China
| | - Paul K. S. Magut
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
| | - Isiah M. Warner
- Department of Chemistry; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA USA
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35
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Novak P, Zuliani T, Milačič R, Ščančar J. Development of an analytical procedure for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental water samples by GC–ICP-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 827:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Mbundi L, Gallar-Ayala H, Khan MR, Barber JL, Losada S, Busquets R. Advances in the Analysis of Challenging Food Contaminants. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63406-1.00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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37
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Lambert S, Sinclair C, Boxall A. Occurrence, degradation, and effect of polymer-based materials in the environment. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 227:1-53. [PMID: 24158578 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-01327-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There is now a plethora of polymer-based materials (PBMs) on the market, because of the increasing demand for cheaper consumable goods, and light-weight industrial materials. Each PBM constitutes a mixture of their representative polymer/sand their various chemical additives. The major polymer types are polyethylene, polypropylene,and polyvinyl chloride, with natural rubber and biodegradable polymers becoming increasingly more important. The most important additives are those that are biologically active, because to be effective such chemicals often have properties that make them resistant to photo-degradation and biodegradation. During their lifecycle,PBMs can be released into the environment form a variety of sources. The principal introduction routes being general littering, dumping of unwanted waste materials,migration from landfills and emission during refuse collection. Once in the environment,PBMs are primarily broken down by photo-degradation processes, but due to the complex chemical makeup of PBMs, receiving environments are potentially exposed to a mixture of macro-, meso-, and micro-size polymer fragments, leached additives, and subsequent degradation products. In environments where sunlight is absent (i.e., soils and the deep sea) degradation for most PBMs is minimal .The majority of literature to date that has addressed the environmental contamination or disposition of PBMs has focused on the marine environment. This is because the oceans are identified as the major sink for macro PBMs, where they are known to present a hazard to wildlife via entanglement and ingestion. The published literature has established the occurrence of microplastics in marine environment and beach sediments, but is inadequate as regards contamination of soils and freshwater sediments. The uptake of microplastics for a limited range of aquatic organisms has also been established, but there is a lack of information regarding soil organisms, and the long-term effects of microplastic uptake are also less well understood.There is currently a need to establish appropriate degradation test strategies consistent with realistic environmental conditions, because the complexity of environmental systems is lost when only one process (e.g., hydrolysis) is assessed in isolation. Enhanced methodologies are also needed to evaluate the impact of PBMs to soil and freshwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Lambert
- The University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK,
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38
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Noorashikin MS, Raoov M, Mohamad S, Abas MR. Cloud point extraction of parabens using non-ionic surfactant with cylodextrin functionalized ionic liquid as a modifier. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:24531-48. [PMID: 24351832 PMCID: PMC3876126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141224531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A cloud point extraction (CPE) process using non-ionic surfactant (DC193C) to extract selected paraben compounds from water samples was investigated using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The CPE process with the presence of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) functionalized ionic liquid as a modifier (CPE-DC193C-βCD-IL) is a new extraction technique that has been applied on the optimization of parameters, i.e., pH, βCD-IL concentration and phase volume ratio. This CPE-DC193C-βCD-IL method is facilitated at 30 °C, showing great losses of water content in the surfactant-rich phase, resulting in a high pre-concentration factor and high distribution coefficient. The developed method CPE-DC193C-βCD-IL did show enhanced properties compared to the CPE method without the modifier (CPE-DC193C). The developed method of CPE-DC193C-βCD-IL gives an excellent performance on the detection of parabens from water samples with the limit of detection falling in the range of 0.013-0.038 µg mL-1. Finally, the inclusion complex formation, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interaction between the βCD-IL, benzyl paraben (ArP), and DC 193C were proven using 1H NMR and 2D NOESY spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saleh Noorashikin
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mail: (M.R.A)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Muggundha Raoov
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mail: (M.R.A)
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, University of Science Malaysia, No 1–8 (Lot 8), Persiaran Seksyen 4/1, Bandar Putra Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Sharifah Mohamad
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mail: (M.R.A)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +603-7967-4399; Fax: +603-7967-4193
| | - Mhd Radzi Abas
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mail: (M.R.A)
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Barco-Bonilla N, Plaza-Bolaños P, Tarifa NMV, Romero-González R, Martínez Vidal JL, Frenich AG. Highly sensitive determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface water by GC coupled to high-resolution MS according to the EU Water Directive 2008/105/EC. J Sep Sci 2013; 37:69-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Barco-Bonilla
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Patricia Plaza-Bolaños
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Noelia Ma Valera Tarifa
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
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40
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Binici B, Bilsel M, Karakas M, Koyuncu I, Goren AC. An efficient GC–IDMS method for determination of PBDEs and PBB in plastic materials. Talanta 2013; 116:417-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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41
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Determination of Trace PCB in Water by GC-MS with Ionic Liquid Based Headspace Single-Drop Microextraction under Ultrasound. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An accurate and sensitive method has been developed for the determination of PCBs in water by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with ionic liquid based headspace single-drop microextraction under ultrasound. The sample injection part of gas chromatographic instrument was modifed to avoid the ionic liquid leaking, selected 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4MI[PF6]) as extracting agents. Experimental parameters influencing the extraction performance, such as desorption temperature, ultrasound extraction time, extraction temperature, ionic liquid headspace volume and salt effect, were optimized. Calibration curve was linear within the range of 10~300.0 μg/L, and the extraction recoveries with RSD values lower than 9.1% were from 77.6% to 103.3%. The limits of detections (LOD), calculated on the basis of signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (S/N=3), was in the range of 0.005~0.007 μg/L. This method is found to be simple, sensitive, little interferential and good specificity for the determination of trace PCBs in water. Real sea sample was successfully analyzed using this method.
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42
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Tang HPO. Recent development in analysis of persistent organic pollutants under the Stockholm Convention. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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43
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Chai C, Yin X, Ge W, Wang J. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on the bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers by Prorocentrum donghaiense. J Environ Sci (China) 2013; 25:376-385. [PMID: 23596959 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The growth, cellular total lipids, bioaccumulation amount, and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of 2,4,4'-tribromodiphenyl ether (BDE28), 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47), and 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE99) in a semi-continuous culture of Prorocentrum donghaiense were studied in relation to nitrate (0, 128, and 512 micromol/L) and phosphate (0, 8, and 32 micromol/L) concentrations. The BDE28, BDE47, and BDE99 content per cell under 0 micromol N/L were 3.77 x 10(-6), 3.95 x 10(-6), and 4.32 x 10-6 ng/cell, respectively, which were significantly higher than those under 128 and 512 micromol N/L. A nearly 5-fold increase in polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) content per algal cell was found between 0 and 8 micromol P/L and between 8 and 32 micromol P/L. With increasing N and P concentrations, the PBDE content per volume of algal culture and the accumulation percentage of available PBDEs declined slightly. The BAFs for the PBDEs based on lipids showed that the logBAF(lip) under 0 micromol N/L was higher than those under 128 and 512 micromol N/L. The logBAF(lip) under 0 micromol P/L was higher than that under 8 micromol P/L but lower than that under 32 micromol P/L. Correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between nutrient concentration and cellular total lipids, as well as the PBDE content per cell. The results indicate that different N and P concentrations change the total lipids content of P. donghaiense, thereby resulting in varying PBDE accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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44
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Analysis of Halogenated Flame Retardants by Gas Chromatography Coupled to LRMS, HRMS, MS–MS, and TOF-MS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62623-3.00016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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45
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Yuan JP, Zhao RS, Cheng CG, Wang XL, Cui ZJ. Rapid analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil by matrix solid-phase dispersion using bamboo charcoal as dispersive sorbent. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2499-505. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments; Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Ru-Song Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments; Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Chuan-Ge Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments; Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments; Analysis and Test Center; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Jinan China
| | - Zhao-Jie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan China
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46
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Fulara I, Czaplicka M. Methods for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental samples - review. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2075-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Fulara
- Central Laboratory; Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas; Katowice Poland
| | - Marianna Czaplicka
- Environmental Protection Department; Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals; Gliwice Poland
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47
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Abstract
AbstractSpreading sewage sludge on agricultural lands has been actively promoted by national authorities as an economic way of recycling. However, as by-product of wastewater treatment, sewage sludge may contain toxic substances, which could be incorporated into agricultural products or be distributed in the environment. Moreover, sediments can be contaminated by the discharge of wastewater effluents into rivers. This article reviews the determination of emerging contaminants (surfactants, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products) in environmental solid samples (sludge, soil and sediment). Sample preparation, including extraction and clean-up, as well as the subsequent instrumental determination of contaminants are discussed. Recent applications of extraction techniques, such as Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound assisted extraction, pressurised liquid extraction, microwave assisted extraction and matrix solid-phase dispersion to the analysis of emerging contaminants in environmental solid samples are reviewed. Determination of these contaminants, generally carried out by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, especially mass spectrometry for the identification and quantification of residues, is also summarised and discussed.
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48
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Focused ultrasound solid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry determination of brominated flame retardants in indoor dust. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:289-95. [PMID: 22526646 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a focused ultrasound solid-liquid extraction (FUSLE) and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs), from mono- to hexa-congeners, in indoor dust. This approach provided a simple, fast, and economical method. After the solvent extraction selection, the FUSLE conditions were studied using a central composite design. Finally, the number of extraction cycles was studied. The selected conditions were 8 mL of 3:1 n-hexane-acetone mixture as extraction solvent, at a power of 65% for 20 s. The proposed method allowed accurate determination of BDEs, with recovery values around 100% and detection limits between 0.05 and 0.8 ng g(-1). It also has advantages over other existing methods in terms of simplicity, analysis time, and solvent consumption. The analysis of several indoor dust samples showed high concentration values of BDEs 47, 99, 100, 153, and 154 in some of the samples, moreover, BDEs 47 and 99 were found in all samples.
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49
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Wang T, Gao X, Tong J, Chen L. Determination of formaldehyde in beer based on cloud point extraction using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine as derivative reagent. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Richardson SD, Ternes TA. Water analysis: emerging contaminants and current issues. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4614-48. [PMID: 21668018 DOI: 10.1021/ac200915r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan D Richardson
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
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