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Koukalová L, Glovinová E, Ondračka T, Pospíchal J. Improving the detection limit in capillary isotachophoresis using asymmetric neutralisation reaction boundary. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:417-424. [PMID: 34633678 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An online method involving transient electrokinetic dosing and ITP with neutralization reaction boundary (NRB) and/or carrier ampholyte-free isoelectric focusing (CAF IEF) was developed for the preconcentration, preseparation, and analytical determination of glyphosate in aqueous samples containing low concentrations of the analyte of interest. Various parameters were investigated in the framework of an optimization study with the aim of achieving the maximum concentration limit of detection (cLOD) decrease in minimum time. The proposed method used CAF IEF and/or ITP with NRB. The sample was dosed to the column on the stationary reaction boundary (CAF IEF) and/or moving reaction boundary (ITP with NRB), whereat a sharp pH step exists. Here, charge reversal was due to the ampholytes, and/or acid accumulation occurred because of charge loss. Similarly, the accumulated sample was mobilized with TE and analyzed using classical ITP in the second analytical column. Glyphosate (GLY), the analyte of interest, was chosen as a model substance for ITP with NRB and preconcentration as well as focusing preconcentration and CAF IEF using the asymmetric purpose-built NRB. On one side of the asymmetric boundary was the zone of acidic pH; while the opposite side comprised a neutral/basic non-conductive zone of the ampholyte-in this case, GLY. Such an arrangement enables the use of a lower pH on the acidic side, which allows the focusing of strongly acidic ampholytes and the accumulation of weak acids. The electrolyte composition and the dosing time were optimized, and a 14-fold accumulation was achieved in 25 min compared to that by classical ITP and a 180-fold accumulation was achieved through CAF IEF and preconcentration with a glyphosate sample. Both methods are simple and can be conducted using all commercial ITP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Koukalová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Glovinová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Ondračka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pospíchal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Thormann W, Mosher RA. Dynamic computer simulations of electrophoresis: 2010-2020. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:10-36. [PMID: 34287996 PMCID: PMC9292373 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The transport of components in liquid media under the influence of an applied electric field can be described with the continuity equation. It represents a nonlinear conservation law that is based upon the balance laws of continuous transport processes and can be solved in time and space numerically. This procedure is referred to as dynamic computer simulation. Since its inception four decades ago, the state of dynamic computer simulation software and its use has progressed significantly. Dynamic models are the most versatile tools to explore the fundamentals of electrokinetic separations and provide insights into the behavior of buffer systems and sample components of all electrophoretic separation methods, including moving boundary electrophoresis, CZE, CGE, ITP, IEF, EKC, ACE, and CEC. This article is a continuation of previous reviews (Electrophoresis 2009, 30, S16–S26 and Electrophoresis 2010, 31, 726–754) and summarizes the progress and achievements made during the 2010 to 2020 time period in which some of the existing dynamic simulators were extended and new simulation packages were developed. This review presents the basics and extensions of the three most used one‐dimensional simulators, provides a survey of new one‐dimensional simulators, outlines an overview of multi‐dimensional models, and mentions models that were briefly reported in the literature. A comprehensive discussion of simulation applications and achievements of the 2010 to 2020 time period is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Thormann
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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3
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Breadmore MC, Grochocki W, Kalsoom U, Alves MN, Phung SC, Rokh MT, Cabot JM, Ghiasvand A, Li F, Shallan AI, Keyon ASA, Alhusban AA, See HH, Wuethrich A, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2016-2018). Electrophoresis 2018; 40:17-39. [PMID: 30362581 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the most cited limitations of capillary and microchip electrophoresis is the poor sensitivity. This review continues to update this series of biannual reviews, first published in Electrophoresis in 2007, on developments in the field of online/in-line concentration methods in capillaries and microchips, covering the period July 2016-June 2018. It includes developments in the field of stacking, covering all methods from field-amplified sample stacking and large-volume sample stacking, through to isotachophoresis, dynamic pH junction, and sweeping. Attention is also given to online or in-line extraction methods that have been used for electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Wojciech Grochocki
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Umme Kalsoom
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Technology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mónica N Alves
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sui Ching Phung
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Joan M Cabot
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Technology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Alireza Ghiasvand
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Feng Li
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Aliaa I Shallan
- Future Industries Institute (FII), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aemi S Abdul Keyon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ala A Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hong Heng See
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joselito P Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, Chemistry, School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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4
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Profiling of N-linked glycans from 100 cells by capillary electrophoresis with large-volume dual preconcentration by isotachophoresis and stacking. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1565:138-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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5
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Breadmore MC, Wuethrich A, Li F, Phung SC, Kalsoom U, Cabot JM, Tehranirokh M, Shallan AI, Abdul Keyon AS, See HH, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2014–2016). Electrophoresis 2016; 38:33-59. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Breadmore
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Feng Li
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sui Ching Phung
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Umme Kalsoom
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Joan M. Cabot
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Masoomeh Tehranirokh
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Aliaa I. Shallan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Helwan University Cairo Egypt
| | - Aemi S. Abdul Keyon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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6
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Mai TD, Oukacine F, Taverna M. Multiple capillary isotachophoresis with repetitive hydrodynamic injections for performance improvement of the electromigration preconcentration. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1453:116-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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7
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Benavidez TE, Garcia CD. Spectroscopic ellipsometry as a complementary tool to characterize coatings on PDMS for CE applications. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2509-2516. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Counter-pressure-assisted ITP with electrokinetic injection under field-amplified conditions for bacterial analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6995-7002. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Breadmore MC, Tubaon RM, Shallan AI, Phung SC, Abdul Keyon AS, Gstoettenmayr D, Prapatpong P, Alhusban AA, Ranjbar L, See HH, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2012-2014). Electrophoresis 2015; 36:36-61. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Breadmore
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Ria Marni Tubaon
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Aliaa I. Shallan
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sui Ching Phung
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Aemi S. Abdul Keyon
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- Faculty of Science; Department of Chemistry, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Johor Malaysia
| | - Daniel Gstoettenmayr
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Pornpan Prapatpong
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Mahidol University; Rajathevee Bangkok Thailand
| | - Ala A. Alhusban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Leila Ranjbar
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Hong Heng See
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Johor Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- School of Physical Science; Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
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10
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Kitagawa F, Otsuka K. Recent applications of on-line sample preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1335:43-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Zhang W, Guo CG, Fan LY, Cao CX. Theoretical and experimental studies on isotachophoresis in multi-moving chelation boundary system formed with metal ions and EDTA. Analyst 2013; 138:5039-51. [PMID: 23806973 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00643c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a general mode and theory of moving chelation boundary based isotachophoresis (MCB-based ITP), together with the concept of decisive metal ion (DMI) having the maximum complexation constant (lg Kmax) with the chelator, were developed from a multi-MCB (mMCB) system. The theoretical deductions were: (i) the reaction boundary velocities in the mMCB system at steady state were equal to each other, resulting in a novel MCB-based ITP separation of metal ions; (ii) the boundary directions and velocities in the system were controlled by the fluxes of chelator and DMI, rather than other metal ions; and (iii) a controllable stacking of metal ions could be simultaneously achieved in the developed system. To demonstrate the deductions, a series of experiments were conducted by using model chelator of EDTA and metal ions of Cu(II) and Co(II) due to characteristic colors of blue [Cu-EDTA](2-) and pink [Co-EDTA](2-) complexes. The experiments demonstrated the correctness of theoretical deductions, indicating the validity of the developed model and theory of ITP. These findings provide guidance for the development of MRB-based ITP separation and stacking of metal ions in biological sample matrix and heavy metal ions in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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12
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Breadmore MC, Shallan AI, Rabanes HR, Gstoettenmayr D, Abdul Keyon AS, Gaspar A, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2010-2012). Electrophoresis 2013; 34:29-54. [PMID: 23161056 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CE has been alive for over two decades now, yet its sensitivity is still regarded as being inferior to that of more traditional methods of separation such as HPLC. As such, it is unsurprising that overcoming this issue still generates much scientific interest. This review continues to update this series of reviews, first published in Electrophoresis in 2007, with updates published in 2009 and 2011 and covers material published through to June 2012. It includes developments in the field of stacking, covering all methods from field amplified sample stacking and large volume sample stacking, through to isotachophoresis, dynamic pH junction and sweeping. Attention is also given to online or inline extraction methods that have been used for electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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13
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Phung SC, Nai YH, Powell SM, Macka M, Breadmore MC. Rapid and sensitive microbial analysis by capillary isotachophoresis with continuous electrokinetic injection under field amplified conditions. Electrophoresis 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sui Ching Phung
- Australia Centre of Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Tasmania; Australia
| | - Yi Heng Nai
- Australia Centre of Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Tasmania; Australia
| | - Shane M. Powell
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture; University of Tasmania; Tasmania; Australia
| | - Mirek Macka
- Australia Centre of Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Tasmania; Australia
| | - Michael C. Breadmore
- Australia Centre of Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Tasmania; Australia
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14
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Malá Z, Gebauer P, Boček P. Recent progress in analytical capillary isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:19-28. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdena Malá
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gebauer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Petr Boček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno; Czech Republic
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15
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Saito S, Sato Y, Haraga T, Nakano Y, Asai S, Kameo Y, Takahashi K, Shibukawa M. Highly sensitive detection of neodymium ion in small amount of spent nuclear fuel samples using novel fluorescent macrocyclic hexadentate polyaminocarboxylate probe in capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:152-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Quirino JP, Breadmore MC. Acid-induced transient isotachophoretic stacking of basic drugs in co-electroosmotic flow capillary zone electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2011; 35:60-5. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Quist J, Janssen KGH, Vulto P, Hankemeier T, van der Linden HJ. Single-Electrolyte Isotachophoresis Using a Nanochannel-Induced Depletion Zone. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7910-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2018348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jos Quist
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kjeld G. H. Janssen
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Vulto
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Heiko J. van der Linden
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Dawod M, Chung DS. High-sensitivity capillary and microchip electrophoresis using electrokinetic supercharging. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2790-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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He JF, Yang WY, Yao FJ, Zhao H, Li XJ, Yuan ZB. Determination of fumaric and maleic acids with stacking analytes by transient moving chemical reaction boundary method in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3816-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Kaewchuay N, Yakushiji Y, Fukushi K, Saito K, Hirokawa T. A novel hybrid mode of sample injection to enhance CZE sensitivity for simultaneous determination of a pyridine-triphenylborane anti-fouling agent and its degradation products. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1486-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Quirino JP. Base-induced transient isotachophoretic stacking of acidic drugs in capillary zone electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1020-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Revised: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Breadmore MC, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2008-2010). Electrophoresis 2010; 32:127-48. [PMID: 21171119 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis has been alive for over two decades now; yet, its sensitivity is still regarded as being inferior to that of more traditional methods of separation such as HPLC. As such, it is unsurprising that overcoming this issue still generates much scientific interest. This review continues to update this series of reviews, first published in Electrophoresis in 2007, with an update published in 2009 and covers material published through to June 2010. It includes developments in the fields of stacking, covering all methods from field-amplified sample stacking and large volume sample stacking, through to ITP, dynamic pH junction and sweeping. Attention is also given to on-line or in-line extraction methods that have been used for electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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