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Ornelas García IG, Guerrero Barrera AL, Avelar González FJ, Chávez Vela NA, Gutiérrez Montiel D. Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Nyctinaginacea): review of phytochemistry and antimicrobial potential. Front Chem 2023; 11:1276514. [PMID: 37927559 PMCID: PMC10620508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1276514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bougainvillea glabra or bougainvillea is a climbing plant native from South America belonging to the Nyctaginaceae family. The bougainvillea is recognized worldwide for its horticultural importance, due to the color of its bracts, commonly known as "flowers," made up of bracts, which are the striking parts, and the true flowers, which are white and small. Bougainvillea is widely known in traditional medicine to treat respiratory diseases such as cough, asthma, and bronchitis, gastrointestinal diseases, also for its antibacterial and insecticidal capacity. The antimicrobial potential of the involucre of this plant has not been studied, despite research showing a high phytochemical presence of secondary metabolites such as alkanes, phenols, terpenes, and betalains. This review compiles information about the traditional uses of B. glabra, its botanical description, ecological relevance, phytochemistry, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, such as the toxicology of bracts and flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid G. Ornelas García
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Alma L. Guerrero Barrera
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Avelar González
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Norma A. Chávez Vela
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento Ingeniería Bioquímica, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Daniela Gutiérrez Montiel
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), Aguascalientes, Mexico
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Spórna-Kucab A, Jerz G, Kumorkiewicz-Jamro A, Tekieli A, Wybraniec S. High-speed countercurrent chromatography for isolation and enrichment of betacyanins from fresh and dried leaves of Atriplex hortensis L. var. "Rubra". J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4222-4236. [PMID: 34586718 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Betacyanins and their decarboxylated derivatives from fresh and dried edible leaves of Atriplex hortensis L. var. "Rubra" were fractionated for the first time by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Pigments present in fresh leaf extract were separated in systems: ethanol - acetonitrile - n-propanol - ammonium sulphate - water (0.5:0.5:0.5:1.2:1.0, v/v/v/v/v) (tail-to-head mode) and tert-butyl methyl ether - n-butanol - acetonitrile - water with 0.7% heptafluorobutyric acid (2:2:1:5, v/v/v/v) (head-to-tail mode). The mobile phase flow rate was 2 mL/min and the retention of the stationary phase was 79.8 and 75.2%, respectively. Pigments from dried leaves were separated in a similar ion-pair system with heptafluorobutyric acid in different volume proportions 1:3:1:5 (head-to-tail mode) and the flow rate of the mobile phase 3 mL/min. The stationary phase retention was 64.0%. The application of the countercurrent chromatography for the fractionation of betacyanins from leaves of Atriplex hortensis enabled to isolate and pre-concentrate the pigments for further low- and high-resolution liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric detection. This study revealed the presence of 10 betacyanins in fresh and 16 in dried leaves of Atriplex hortensis. Two compounds were not previously identified in the whole Amaranthaceae family. Additionally, instead of (iso)amaranthin, celosianin and its epimer were dominant betacyanins in the Atriplex hortensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Spórna-Kucab
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Kumorkiewicz-Jamro
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Tekieli
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wybraniec
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
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Kumorkiewicz-Jamro A, Świergosz T, Sutor K, Spórna-Kucab A, Wybraniec S. Multi-colored shades of betalains: recent advances in betacyanin chemistry. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2315-2346. [PMID: 34515277 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00018g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2001 to 2021Betacyanins cover a class of remarkable natural red-violet plant pigments with prospective chemical and biological properties for wide-ranging applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and the cosmetic industry. Betacyanins, forming the betalain pigment group together with yellow betaxanthins, have gained much attention due to the increasing social awareness of the positive impact of natural products on human health. Betalains are commercially recognized as natural food colorants with preliminarily ascertained, but to be further investigated, health-promoting properties. In addition, they exhibit a remarkable structural diversity based on glycosylated and acylated varieties. The main research directions for natural plant pigments are focused on their structure elucidation, methods of their separation and analysis, biological activities, bioavailability, factors affecting their stability, industrial applications as a plant-based food, natural colorants, drugs, and cosmetics as well as methods for high-yield production and stabilization. This review covers period of the last two decades of betacyanin research. In the first part of the review, we present an updated classification of all known betacyanins and their derivatives identified by chemical means as well as by mass spectrometric and NMR techniques. In the second part, we review the current research reports focused on the chemical properties of the pigments (decarboxylation, oxidation, conjugation, and chlorination reactions as well as the acyl group migration phenomenon) and describe the semi-synthesis of natural and artificial fluorescent betalamic acid conjugates, showing various prospective research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kumorkiewicz-Jamro
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Świergosz
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sutor
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Aneta Spórna-Kucab
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Wybraniec
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
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Saleem H, Usman A, Mahomoodally MF, Ahemad N. Bougainvillea glabra (choisy): A comprehensive review on botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 266:113356. [PMID: 32956758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bougainvillea glabra (Choisy). (Family: Nyctinaginacea) is a valuable ornamental plant with culinary uses and also utilized in traditional medicine for treating common ailments. It is traditionally employed against several diseases such as diarrhoea, hypotension, intestinal disorders, stomachache, nausea, inflammation-related ailments, and in pain management. Though widely validated via in vitro and in vivo models, to date no endeavour has been made to compile in a single review the traditional, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of B. glabra. AIMS To provide an up-to-date, authoritative review with respect to the traditional uses, chemical composition, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties, and toxicological estimations accomplished either utilizing the crude extracts or, wherever applicable, the bioactive compounds isolated from B. glabra. Besides, a critical evaluation of the published literature has been undertaken with regards to the current biochemical and toxicological data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Key databases per se, Ovid, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google scholar amongst others were probed for a systematic search using keywords to retrieve relevant publications on this plant. A total of 52 articles were included for the review depending on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS The studies conducted on either crude extracts, solvent fractions or isolated pure compounds from B. glabra had reported a varied range of biological effects comprising antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analysis of different parts of B. glabra unveiled 105 phytochemicals, belonging to phenolic, flavonoid, betacyanin, terpenoid, glycoside and essential oils classes of secondary metabolites. CONCLUSION Most of the pharmacological activities of crude extracts from this plant have been reported. A very few studies have reported the isolation of compounds responsible for observed biological potential of this plant. Moreover, the toxicity studies of this plant still need to be explored comprehensively to ensure its safety parameters. Additional investigations are recommended to transmute the ethnopharmacological claims of this plant species in folklore medicines into scientific rationale-based information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Saleem
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Atif Usman
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Global Asia in 21st Century Research Platform, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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H 2O-Induced Hydrophobic Interactions in MS-Guided Counter-Current Chromatography Separation of Anti-Cancer Mollugin from Rubia cordifolia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030751. [PMID: 33540504 PMCID: PMC7867130 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Counter-current chromatography (CCC) is a unique liquid–liquid partition chromatography and largely relies on the partition interactions of solutes and solvents in two-phase solvents. Usually, the two-phase solvents used in CCC include a lipophilic organic phase and a hydrophilic aqueous phase. Although a large number of partition interactions have been found and used in the CCC separations, there are few studies that address the role of water on solvents and solutes in the two-phase partition. In this study, we presented a new insight that H2O (water) might be an efficient and sensible hydrophobic agent in the n-hexane-methanol-based two-phase partition and CCC separation of lipophilic compounds, i.e., anti-cancer component mollugin from Rubia cordifolia. Although the n-hexane-methanol-based four components solvent systems of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (HEMWat) is one of the most popular CCC solvent systems and widely used for natural products isolation, this is an interesting trial to investigate the water roles in the two-phase solutions. In addition, as an example, the bioactive component mollugin was targeted, separated, and purified by MS-guided CCC with hexane-methanol and minor water as a hydrophobic agent. It might be useful for isolation and purification of lipophilic mollugin and other bioactive compounds complex natural products and traditional Chinese medicines.
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Separation of betacyanins from Iresine herbstii Hook. ex Lindl. leaves by high-speed countercurrent chromatography in a polar solvent system. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1626:461370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Spórna-Kucab A, Wybraniec S. High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography in Separation and Identification of Saponins from Beta vulgaris L. Cultivar Red Sphere. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/116416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Thi Tran TM, Nguyen Thanh B, Moussa-Ayoub TE, Rohn S, Jerz G. Profiling of polar metabolites in fruits of Opuntia stricta var. dillenii by ion-pair high-performance countercurrent chromatography and off-line electrospray mass-spectrometry injection. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:274-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Spórna‐Kucab A, Kumorkiewicz A, Szmyr N, Szneler E, Wybraniec S. Separation of betacyanins from flowers of
Amaranthus cruentus
L. in a polar solvent system by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1676-1685. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Spórna‐Kucab
- Department of Analytical ChemistryInstitute C‐1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of Technology Cracow Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kumorkiewicz
- Department of Analytical ChemistryInstitute C‐1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of Technology Cracow Poland
| | - Natalia Szmyr
- Department of Analytical ChemistryInstitute C‐1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of Technology Cracow Poland
| | - Edward Szneler
- Department of ChemistryJagiellonian University Cracow Poland
| | - Sławomir Wybraniec
- Department of Analytical ChemistryInstitute C‐1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of Technology Cracow Poland
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Bougainvillea Genus: A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9070927. [PMID: 30034502 PMCID: PMC6035817 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the current knowledge of the phytochemistry and in vitro and in vivo evaluations carried out using the extracts and, where appropriate, the main active components isolated from the genus Bougainvillea. Out of 18 species, most phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies focused on four species with different cultivars and one hybrid. Some plants are used for the treatment of various health disorders. Numerous phytochemical investigations of plants in this genus confirm the presence of aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, volatile compounds, phenolic compounds, peltogynoids, flavonoids, phytosterols, terpenes, carbohydrates, and betalains. Various studies have confirmed that these extracts or active substances that were isolated from the genus Bougainvillea have multiple pharmacological activities. Some species of Bougainvillea have emerged as sources of traditional medicine in human health. More studies of the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties and their mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy in all Bougainvillea species, cultivars, and hybrids are advisable for future research.
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Spórna-Kucab A, Milo A, Kumorkiewicz A, Wybraniec S. Studies on polar high-speed counter-current chromatographic systems in separation of amaranthine-type betacyanins from Celosia species. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1073:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Spórna-Kucab A, Jagodzińska J, Wybraniec S. Separation of betacyanins from purple flowers of Gomphrena globosa L. by ion-pair high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1489:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Spórna-Kucab A, Hołda E, Wybraniec S. High-speed counter-current chromatography in separation of betacyanins from flowers of red Gomphrena globosa L. cultivars. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1033-1034:421-427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Song H, Lin J, Zhu X, Chen Q. Developments in high-speed countercurrent chromatography and its applications in the separation of terpenoids and saponins. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1574-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Song
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Jianhong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
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Friesen JB, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Countercurrent Separation of Natural Products: An Update. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1765-96. [PMID: 26177360 PMCID: PMC4517501 DOI: 10.1021/np501065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This work assesses the current instrumentation, method development, and applications in countercurrent chromatography (CCC) and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), collectively referred to as countercurrent separation (CCS). The article provides a critical review of the CCS literature from 2007 since our last review (J. Nat. Prod. 2008, 71, 1489-1508), with a special emphasis on the applications of CCS in natural products research. The current state of CCS is reviewed in regard to three continuing topics (instrumentation, solvent system development, theory) and three new topics (optimization of parameters, workflow, bioactivity applications). The goals of this review are to deliver the necessary background with references for an up-to-date perspective of CCS, to point out its potential for the natural product scientist, and thereby to induce new applications in natural product chemistry, metabolome, and drug discovery research involving organisms from terrestrial and marine sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Brent Friesen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
- Physical
Sciences Department, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, Illinois 60305, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
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Hammann S, Conrad J, Vetter W. Fractionation of technical octabromodiphenyl ether by countercurrent chromatography combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and offline and online 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1398:83-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Spórna-Kucab A, Garrard I, Ignatova S, Wybraniec S. New solvent systems for gradient counter-current chromatography in separation of betanin and its derivatives from processed Beta vulgaris L. juice. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1380:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Costa FDN, Jerz G, Figueiredo FDS, Winterhalter P, Leitão GG. Solvent system selectivities in countercurrent chromatography using Salicornia gaudichaudiana metabolites as practical example with off-line electrospray mass-spectrometry injection profiling. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1385:20-7. [PMID: 25678318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
For the development of an efficient two-stage isolation process for high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) with focus on principal metabolites from the ethyl acetate extract of the halophyte plant Salicornia gaudichaudiana, separation selectivities of two different biphasic solvent systems with similar polarities were evaluated using the elution and extrusion approach. Efficiency in isolation of target compounds is determined by the solvent system selectivity and their chronological use in multiple separation steps. The system n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (0.5:6:0.5:6, v/v/v/v) resulted in a comprehensive separation of polyphenolic glycosides. The system n-hexane-n-butanol-water (1:1:2, v/v/v) was less universal but was highly efficient in the fractionation of positional isomers such as di-substituted cinnamic acid quinic acid derivatives. Multiple metabolite detection performed on recovered HSCCC tube fractions was done with rapid mass-spectrometry profiling by sequential off-line injections to electrospray mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Selective ion traces of metabolites delivered reconstituted preparative HSCCC runs. Molecular weight distribution of target compounds in single HSCCC tube fractions and MS/MS fragment data were available. Chromatographic areas with strong co-elution effects and fractions of pure recoverable compounds were visualized. In total 11 metabolites have been identified and monitored. Result of this approach was a fast isolation protocol for S. gaudichaudiana metabolites using two solvent systems in a strategic sequence. The process could easily be scaled-up to larger lab-scale or industrial recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda das Neves Costa
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabiana de Souza Figueiredo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gilda Guimarães Leitão
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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Li Y, Cai F, Zhang M, Zhang H, Wang Y, Hu P. Two-stage fractionation of polar alkaloids from Rhizoma coptidis by countercurrent chromatography considering the strategy of reactive extraction. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1378:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Separation of amaranthine-type betacyanins by ion-pair high-speed countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1344:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jerz G, Elnakady YA, Braun A, Jäckel K, Sasse F, Al Ghamdi AA, Omar MOM, Winterhalter P. Preparative mass-spectrometry profiling of bioactive metabolites in Saudi-Arabian propolis fractionated by high-speed countercurrent chromatography and off-line atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass-spectrometry injection. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1347:17-29. [PMID: 24831423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a glue material collected by honeybees which is used to seal cracks in beehives and to protect the bee population from infections. Propolis resins have a long history in medicinal use as a natural remedy. The multiple biological properties are related to variations in their chemical compositions. Geographical settings and availability of plant sources are important factors for the occurrence of specific natural products in propolis. A propolis ethylacetate extract (800mg) from Saudi Arabia (Al-Baha region) was separated by preparative scale high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) using a non-aqueous solvent system n-hexane-ACN (1:1, v/v). For multiple metabolite detection, the resulting HSCCC-fractions were sequentially injected off-line into an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass-spectrometry (APCI-MS/MS) device, and a reconstituted mass spectrometry profile of the preparative run was visualized by selected ion traces. Best ion-intensities for detected compounds were obtained in the negative APCI mode and monitored occurring co-elution effects. HSCCC and successive purification steps resulted in the isolation and characterization of various bioactive natural products such as (12E)- and (12Z)-communic acid, sandaracopimaric acid, (+)-ferruginol, (+)-totarol, and 3β-acetoxy-19(29)-taraxasten-20a-ol using EI-, APCI-MS and 1D/2D-NMR. Cycloartenol-derivatives and triterpene acetates were isolated in mixtures and elucidated by EI-MS and 1D-NMR. Free fatty acids, and two labdane fatty acid esters were identified by APCI-MS/MS. In total 19 metabolites have been identified. The novel combination of HSCCC fractionation, and APCI-MS-target-guided molecular mass profiling improve efficiency of lead-structure identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Yasser A Elnakady
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Chemical Biology, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - André Braun
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Jäckel
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Florenz Sasse
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Chemical Biology, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ahmad A Al Ghamdi
- King Saud University, Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed O M Omar
- King Saud University, Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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High-speed countercurrent chromatographic recovery and off-line electrospray ionization mass spectrometry profiling of bisdesmodic saponins from Saponaria officinalis possessing synergistic toxicity enhancing properties on targeted antitumor toxins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 955-956:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Versatile solvent systems for the separation of betalains from processed Beta vulgaris L. juice using counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 941:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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New advances in countercurrent chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography: focus on coupling strategy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:957-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Michel T, Destandau E, Fougère L, Elfakir C. New “hyphenated” CPC-HPLC-DAD-MS strategy for simultaneous isolation, analysis and identification of phytochemicals: application to xanthones from Garcinia mangostana. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:2963-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Jerz G, Murillo-Velásquez JA, Skrjabin I, Gök R, Winterhalter P. Anacardic Acid Profiling in Cashew Nuts by Direct Coupling of Preparative High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (prepHSCCC-ESI-/APCI-MS/MS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1098.ch011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Universidad De El Salvador, Escuela de Química, El Salvador
| | - Josué A. Murillo-Velásquez
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Universidad De El Salvador, Escuela de Química, El Salvador
| | - Irina Skrjabin
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Universidad De El Salvador, Escuela de Química, El Salvador
| | - Recep Gök
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Universidad De El Salvador, Escuela de Química, El Salvador
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Universidad De El Salvador, Escuela de Química, El Salvador
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McAlpine JB, Friesen JB, Pauli GF. Separation of natural products by countercurrent chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 864:221-254. [PMID: 22367899 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Countercurrent Chromatography (CCC) provides the natural product chemist with a high-resolution separatory method, which is uniquely applicable to sensitive (unstable) compounds and which allows virtually quantitative recovery of the load sample. Different instruments use different means of retaining a stationary liquid phase. The solvent system (SS) can be chosen to optimize the separatory power and the number of systems available is limitless. Several examples are provided to illustrate the power of the method and to guide the chemist in choice of an appropriate SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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