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Poole CF. Determination of solvation parameter model compound descriptors by gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464711. [PMID: 38320433 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The solvation parameter model uses five system independent descriptors to characterize compound properties defined as excess molar refraction, E, dipolarity/polarizability, S, hydrogen-bond acidity, A, hydrogen-bond basicity, B, and the gas-liquid partition constant at 25 °C on n-hexadecane, L, to model transfer properties in gas-condensed phase biphasic systems. The E descriptor for compounds liquid at 20 °C is available by calculation using a refractive index value while E for solid compounds at 20 °C and the S, A, B, and L descriptors are determined by experiment. As a single-technique approach, it is shown that with up to 20 retention factor measurements on four columns comprising a poly(siloxane) containing methyloctyl or dimethyldiphenylsiloxane monomers (SPB-Octyl or HP-5), a poly(siloxane) containing methyltrifluoropropylsiloxane monomers (Rtx-OPP or DB-210), a poly(siloxane) containing bis(cyanopropylsiloxane) monomers (HP-88 or SGE BPX-90), and a poly(ethylene glycol) stationary phase (DB-WAXetr or HP-INNOWAX) are suitable for assigning the S, A, and L descriptors. Using the descriptors in the updated WSU compound descriptor database as target values the average absolute error in the descriptor assignments for 52 varied compounds in the temperature range 60-140 °C was 0.072 for E, 0.016 for S, 0.008 for A, and 0.022 for L corresponding to 30 %, 3.5 %, and 0.6 % as a relative average absolute error for E, S, and L, respectively. For the higher temperature range of 160-240 °C and 34 varied compounds that are liquid at 20 °C the average absolute error for the S, A and L descriptors was 0.026, 0.020, and 0.031, respectively, with the largest relative average absolute error for S of 3.2 % (< 1 % for the L descriptor). For 35 varied compounds that are solid at 20 °C the relative absolute error for the E, S, A, and L descriptors in the higher temperature range was 0.068, 0.035, 0.020, and 0.020, respectively, with a relative average absolute error for E (6.5 %), S (3.5 %) and L (0.88 %). The S, A, and L descriptor can be accurately assigned on the four-column system over a wide temperature range. The E descriptor for solid compounds at 20 °C exhibits greater variability than desirable. The B descriptor cannot be assigned by the four-column system, which lack hydrogen-bond acid functional groups, and is only poorly assigned on the weak hydrogen-bond acid ionic liquid column SLB-IL100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin F Poole
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Stultz C, Dorman F. The Rtx-Dioxin2 and Rxi-17SilMS as Alternative Gas Chromatographic Confirmation Columns for Dioxin Analysis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461263. [PMID: 32709319 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans are environmentally persistent and highly toxic compounds. 136 chlorinated dioxins and furan congeners contain at least four chlorine atoms and pose a complex separation challenge in environmental and biological matrixes. The complexity arises from the dioxin and furan molecules with substitutions at positions 2, 3, 7, and 8, which are toxicologically relevant but are not easily separated from the other non-/less toxic congeners. Many regulatory methods require the use of two columns with different polarities or selectivity for dioxin analysis. The most common confirmation column pair is a (5% phenyl)-methylpolysiloxane and a (biscyanopropyl-/ cyanopropylphenyl)-methylpolysiloxane. These phases are required in USEPA-1613 for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran specificity. However, other column phases, such as the Rxi-17SilMS and the Rtx-Dioxin2, offer alternatives to the traditional column pairing and provide a similar or better separation of 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners. This study compares four columns for dioxin analysis: the Rtx-Dioxin2, Rxi-17SilMS, Rxi-5SilMS, and Rtx-2330. All columns used in this study are capable of meeting the requirements for dioxin analysis required by USEPA-1613. However, the Rtx-Dioxin2 demonstrated improved selectivity for a wider range of dioxin compounds than the Rxi-5SilMS. The Rtx-Dioxin2 is capable of resolving 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran from common interferants better than the Rxi-5SilMS and can be used as a confirmation column with either the Rtx-2330 or Rxi-17SilMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conner Stultz
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Frank Dorman
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 107 Althouse Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
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Lenca N, Poole CF. A system map for the ionic liquid stationary phase 1,12-di(tripropylphosphonium)dodecane bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide trifluoromethanesulfonate for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1559:164-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Liang Y, Torralba-Sanchez TL, Di Toro DM. Estimating system parameters for solvent-water and plant cuticle-water using quantum chemically estimated Abraham solute parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:813-821. [PMID: 29667991 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyparameter Linear Free Energy Relationships (pp-LFERs) using Abraham system parameters have many useful applications. However, developing the Abraham system parameters depends on the availability and quality of the Abraham solute parameters. Using Quantum Chemically estimated Abraham solute Parameters (QCAP) is shown to produce pp-LFERs that have lower root mean square errors (RMSEs) of predictions for solvent-water partition coefficients than parameters that are estimated using other presently available methods. pp-LFERs system parameters are estimated for solvent-water, plant cuticle-water systems, and for novel compounds using QCAP solute parameters and experimental partition coefficients. Refitting the system parameter improves the calculation accuracy and eliminates the bias. Refitted models for solvent-water partition coefficients using QCAP solute parameters give better results (RMSE = 0.278 to 0.506 log units for 24 systems) than those based on ABSOLV (0.326 to 0.618) and QSPR (0.294 to 0.700) solute parameters. For munition constituents and munition-like compounds not included in the calibration of the refitted model, QCAP solute parameters produce pp-LFER models with much lower RMSEs for solvent-water partition coefficients (RMSE = 0.734 and 0.664 for original and refitted model, respectively) than ABSOLV (4.46 and 5.98) and QSPR (2.838 and 2.723). Refitting plant cuticle-water pp-LFER including munition constituents using QCAP solute parameters also results in lower RMSE (RMSE = 0.386) than that using ABSOLV (0.778) and QSPR (0.512) solute parameters. Therefore, for fitting a model in situations for which experimental data exist and system parameters can be re-estimated, or for which system parameters do not exist and need to be developed, QCAP is the quantum chemical method of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51006, China.
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Estimation of descriptors for hydrogen-bonding compounds from chromatographic and liquid-liquid partition measurements. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1526:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lenca N, Poole CF. A system map for the ionic liquid stationary phase 1,12-di(tripropylphosphonium)dodecane bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1525:138-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liang Y, Xiong R, Sandler SI, Di Toro DM. Quantum Chemically Estimated Abraham Solute Parameters Using Multiple Solvent-Water Partition Coefficients and Molecular Polarizability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9887-9898. [PMID: 28742336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyparameter Linear Free Energy Relationships (pp-LFERs), also called Linear Solvation Energy Relationships (LSERs), are used to predict many environmentally significant properties of chemicals. A method is presented for computing the necessary chemical parameters, the Abraham parameters (AP), used by many pp-LFERs. It employs quantum chemical calculations and uses only the chemical's molecular structure. The method computes the Abraham E parameter using density functional theory computed molecular polarizability and the Clausius-Mossotti equation relating the index refraction to the molecular polarizability, estimates the Abraham V as the COSMO calculated molecular volume, and computes the remaining AP S, A, and B jointly with a multiple linear regression using sixty-five solvent-water partition coefficients computed using the quantum mechanical COSMO-SAC solvation model. These solute parameters, referred to as Quantum Chemically estimated Abraham Parameters (QCAP), are further adjusted by fitting to experimentally based APs using QCAP parameters as the independent variables so that they are compatible with existing Abraham pp-LFERs. QCAP and adjusted QCAP for 1827 neutral chemicals are included. For 24 solvent-water systems including octanol-water, predicted log solvent-water partition coefficients using adjusted QCAP have the smallest root-mean-square errors (RMSEs, 0.314-0.602) compared to predictions made using APs estimated using the molecular fragment based method ABSOLV (0.45-0.716). For munition and munition-like compounds, adjusted QCAP has much lower RMSE (0.860) than does ABSOLV (4.45) which essentially fails for these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Ruichang Xiong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Stanley I Sandler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dominic M Di Toro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Applications of the solvation parameter model in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1486:2-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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System maps for retention of small neutral compounds on a superficially porous particle column in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1468:250-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Rücker
- Institute for Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg , Scharnhorststrasse 1, D-21335 Lüneburg, Germany
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Endo S, Goss KU. Applications of polyparameter linear free energy relationships in environmental chemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:12477-91. [PMID: 25280011 DOI: 10.1021/es503369t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Partitioning behavior of organic chemicals has tremendous influences on their environmental distribution, reaction rates, bioaccumulation, and toxic effects. Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) have been proven to be useful to characterize the equilibrium partitioning of organic chemicals in various environmental and technical partitioning systems and predict the respective partition coefficients. Over the past decade, PP-LFER solute descriptors for numerous environmentally relevant organic chemicals and system parameters for environmentally important partitioning systems have been determined, extending substantially the applicability of the PP-LFER approaches. However, the information needed for the use of PP-LFERs including descriptors and parameters is scattered over a large number of publications. In this work, we review the state of the art of the PP-LFER approaches in environmental chemical applications. The solute descriptors and system parameters reported in the literature and the availability of their database are summarized, and their calibration and prediction methods are overviewed. We also describe tips and pitfalls associated with the use of the PP-LFER approaches and identify research needs to improve further the usefulness of PP-LFERs for environmental chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Department of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research , Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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A System Map for the Ionic Liquid Stationary Phase 1,9-Di(3-vinylimidazolium)nonane Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ariyasena TC, Poole CF. Determination of descriptors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds by chromatographic methods and liquid–liquid partition in totally organic biphasic systems. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1361:240-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gas chromatography on wall-coated open-tubular columns with ionic liquid stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1357:87-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Stenzel A, Goss KU, Endo S. Experimental determination of polyparameter linear free energy relationship (pp-LFER) substance descriptors for pesticides and other contaminants: new measurements and recommendations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:14204-14. [PMID: 24245575 DOI: 10.1021/es404150e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Well-calibrated polyparameter linear free energy relationships (pp-LFERs) are an accurate way to predict partition coefficients (K) for neutral organic chemicals. In this work, pp-LFER substance descriptors of 111 environmentally relevant substances, mainly pesticides, were determined experimentally using gas chromatographic (GC) retention times and liquid/liquid partition coefficients. The complete set of descriptors for 50 compounds are being reported here for the first time. Validation of the measured substance descriptors was done by comparing predicted and experimental log K for the systems octanol/water (Kow), water/air (Kwa), and organic carbon/water (Koc), all of which indicated a high reliability of pp-LFER predictions based on the determined descriptors (e.g., a root mean squared error of 0.39 for log Kow). The descriptors presented in this work in combination with existing pp-LFER system equations substantially extend (and in some cases correct) our knowledge on partition properties of these 111 chemicals. In addition, the results of this work provide insight on some general guidelines with respect to the method combination best suited for deriving descriptors for environmentally relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Stenzel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Poole CF, Ariyasena TC, Lenca N. Estimation of the environmental properties of compounds from chromatographic measurements and the solvation parameter model. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1317:85-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Buser AM. Correction to “Determination of descriptors for organosilicon compounds by gas chromatography and non-aqueous liquid–liquid partitioning”. J Chromatogr A 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Evaluation of Triethylamine as a Counter Solvent in Totally Organic Biphasic Liquid–Liquid Partition Systems. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Models for Liquid–Liquid Partition in the System Ethanolamine-Organic Solvent and Their Use for Estimating Descriptors for Organic Compounds. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Poole CF, Karunasekara T, Ariyasena TC. Totally organic biphasic solvent systems for extraction and descriptor determinations. J Sep Sci 2012; 36:96-109. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin F. Poole
- Department of Chemistry; Wayne State University; Detroit; MI; USA
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