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Monti DM, Loreto D, Iacobucci I, Ferraro G, Pratesi A, D’Elia L, Monti M, Merlino A. Protein-Based Delivery Systems for Anticancer Metallodrugs: Structure and Biological Activity of the Oxaliplatin/β-Lactoglobulin Adduct. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040425. [PMID: 35455422 PMCID: PMC9033069 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-lactoglobulin is the major component of whey. Here, the adduct formed upon the reaction of the protein with oxaliplatin (OXA) has been prepared, structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography and electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry, and evaluated as a cytotoxic agent. The data demonstrate that OXA rapidly binds β-lactoglobulin via coordination with a Met7 side chain upon release of the oxalate ligand. The adduct is significantly more cytotoxic than the free drug and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Overall, our results suggest that metallodrug/β-lactoglobulin adducts can be used as anticancer agents and that the protein can be used as a metallodrug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Domenico Loreto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luigi D’Elia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (D.M.M.); (D.L.); (I.I.); (G.F.); (L.D.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Chira R, Fangmeyer J, Neaga IO, Zaharia V, Karst U, Bodoki E, Oprean R. Simulation of the oxidative metabolization pattern of netupitant, an NK 1 receptor antagonist, by electrochemistry coupled to mass spectrometry. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:661-666. [PMID: 34765280 PMCID: PMC8572700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the frequent use of netupitant in polytherapy, the elucidation of its oxidative metabolization pattern is of major importance. However, there is a lack of published research on the redox behavior of this novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist. Therefore, this study was performed to simulate the intensive hepatic biotransformation of netupitant using an electrochemically driven method. Most of the known enzyme-mediated reactions occurring in the liver (i.e., N-dealkylation, hydroxylation, and N-oxidation) were successfully mimicked by the electrolytic cell using a boron-doped diamond working electrode. The products were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Aside from its ability to pinpoint formerly unknown metabolites that could be responsible for the known side effects of netupitant or connected with any new perspective concerning future therapeutic indications, this electrochemical process also represents a facile alternative for the synthesis of oxidation products for further in vitro and in vivo studies. Study of the electrochemical behavior of netupitant, an NK1 receptor antagonist. Electrochemical simulation of the phase I oxidative metabolization of netupitant. Identification of the generated oxidation species by LC/ESI(+)-MS. Separation and identification of electrochemically generated isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Chira
- Analytical Chemistry Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Jens Fangmeyer
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ioan O. Neaga
- Analytical Chemistry Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Valentin Zaharia
- Organic Chemistry Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Uwe Karst
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ede Bodoki
- Analytical Chemistry Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Corresponding author.
| | - Radu Oprean
- Analytical Chemistry Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Balasco N, Ferraro G, Loreto D, Iacobucci I, Monti M, Merlino A. Cisplatin binding to β-lactoglobulin: a structural study. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:12450-12457. [PMID: 32852026 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The first structural study on the interaction of β-lactoglobulin with the anticancer compound cisplatin is here reported by combining spectroscopic, crystallographic and mass spectrometry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Balasco
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging
- CNR
- 80134 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Domenico Loreto
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
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Yuill EM, Baker LA. Electrochemical Aspects of Mass Spectrometry: Atmospheric Pressure Ionization and Ambient Ionization for Bioanalysis. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Yuill
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA
| | - Lane A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA
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Dual reductive/oxidative electrochemistry/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: Towards peptide and protein modification, separation and identification. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1479:153-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Zabel R, Kullmann M, Kalayda GV, Jaehde U, Weber G. Optimized sample preparation strategy for the analysis of low molecular mass adducts of a fluorescent cisplatin analogue in cancer cell lines by CE-dual-LIF. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:509-17. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Zabel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V; Dortmund Germany
| | | | | | - Ulrich Jaehde
- Institute of Pharmacy; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Günther Weber
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V; Dortmund Germany
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Faber H, Vogel M, Karst U. Electrochemistry/mass spectrometry as a tool in metabolism studies—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 834:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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