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Zhao X, Aridi R, Hume J, Subbiah S, Wu X, Chung H, Qin Y, Gianchandani YB. Automatic peak detection algorithm based on continuous wavelet transform for complex chromatograms from multi-detector micro-scale gas chromatographs. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464582. [PMID: 38157665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Peak detection for chromatograms, including the detection of peak retention times, peak start locations, and peak end locations, is an important processing step for extracting peak information that is used for chemical recognition. Compared to benchtop gas chromatographs, the chromatograms generated by microscale gas chromatographs (µGCs) often contain higher noise levels, peak overlap, peak asymmetry, and both positive and negative chromatographic peaks, increasing the challenges for peak detection. This paper reports an automatic peak detection algorithm based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) for chromatograms generated by multi-detector µGCs. The relationship between chemical retention time and peak width is leveraged to differentiate chromatographic peaks from noise and baseline drift. Special features in the CWT coefficients are leveraged to detect peak overlap and asymmetry. For certain detectors that may generate positive and negative chromatographic peaks, the peaks cannot be independently detected reliably, but the peak information can be well extracted using peak information generated by other in-line single-polarity detectors. The implemented algorithm provided a true positive rate of 97.2 % and false discovery rate of 7.8 % for chromatograms generated by a µGC with three integrated detectors, two capacitive and one photoionization. The chromatograms included complex scenarios with positive and negative chromatographic peaks, up to five consecutive overlapping peaks, peak asymmetry factor up to 24, and signal-to-noise ratios spanning 9-2800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ryan Aridi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jacob Hume
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Swetha Subbiah
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xingqi Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hyunwon Chung
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yutao Qin
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Yogesh B Gianchandani
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS(2)), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Chemometric strategy for aligning chemical shifts in 1H NMR to improve geographical origin discrimination: A case study for Chinese Goji honey. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Peak alignment for herbal fingerprints from liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry via diffusion model and bi-directional eigenvalues. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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He M, Zhou Y. How to identify “Material basis–Quality markers” more accurately in Chinese herbal medicines from modern chromatography-mass spectrometry data-sets: Opportunities and challenges of chemometric tools. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:2-16. [PMID: 36117762 PMCID: PMC9476807 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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5
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Peak alignment of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data with deep learning. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1604:460476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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He M, Hong L, Zhou Y. Multi-scale Gaussian/Haar wavelet strategies coupled with sub-window factor analysis for an accurate alignment in nontargeted metabolic profiling to enhance herbal origin discrimination capability. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2003-2012. [PMID: 30919573 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dataset can provide an overview of different herbal origin, which is conducted by some statistical procedures. Such results often deviate to a certain degree, due to peaks shifts in chromatographic signals. In order to solve this problem, an improved algorithm of combining sub-window factor analysis with the mass spectrum information is proposed. The algorithm uses a peak detection approach derived either from multi-scale Gaussian function or Haar wavelet to locate the peaks with different application scope; the candidate drift points at each peak are estimated by Fast Fourier transform cross correlation; Specifically, the best drift points at each candidate peaks are confirmed by sub-window factor analysis and mass spectrum information in nontargeted metabolic profiling. Finally, the peak regions were aligned against a reference chromatogram, and the non-peak regions were used linear interpolation. The chromatographic signals of 30 Bupleurum samples were aligned as an illustration of this algorithm, and they could be well distinguished using some statistical procedures. The result demonstrates that the presented method is stronger than other mass-spectra based algorithms, when facing the alignment of some co-eluted peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P. R. China
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7
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On the number of tubes required to study oscillating vortices and frequency spectrums of tube arrays in cross flow. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Lombardi JM, Bortolato SA. Functional data analysis, a new approach to aligning three-way liquid chromatographic with fluorescence detection data. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Yang TB, Yan P, He M, Hong L, Pei R, Zhang ZM, Yi LZ, Yuan XY. Application of Subwindow Factor Analysis and Mass Spectral information for accurate alignment of non-targeted metabolic profiling. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1563:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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A modified multiscale peak alignment method combined with trilinear decomposition to study the volatile/heat-labile components in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort - Cyperus rotundus rhizomes by HS-SPME-GC/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1079:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Zheng QX, Fu HY, Li HD, Wang B, Peng CH, Wang S, Cai JL, Liu SF, Zhang XB, Yu YJ. Automatic time-shift alignment method for chromatographic data analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:256. [PMID: 28325916 PMCID: PMC5428255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00390-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Time shift among samples remains a significant challenge in data analysis, such as quality control of natural plant extracts and metabolic profiling analysis, because this phenomenon may lead to invalid conclusions. In this work, we propose a new time shift alignment method, namely, automatic time-shift alignment (ATSA), for complicated chromatographic data analysis. This technique comprised the following alignment stages: (1) automatic baseline correction and peak detection stage for providing useful chromatographic information; (2) preliminary alignment stage through adaptive segment partition to correct alignment for the entire chromatogram; and (3) precise alignment stage based on test chromatographic peak information to accurately align time shift. In ATSA, the chromatographic peak information of both reference and test samples can be completely employed for time-shift alignment to determine segment boundaries and avoid loss of information. ATSA was used to analyze a complicated chromatographic dataset. The obtained correlation coefficients among samples and data analysis efficiency indicated that the influences of time shift can be considerably reduced by ATSA; thus accurate conclusion could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xia Zheng
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hai-Yan Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - He-Dong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Cui-Hua Peng
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun-Lan Cai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shao-Feng Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yong-Jie Yu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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12
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Li BQ, Chen J, Wang X, Xu ML, Zhai HL. Longest distance shifting: A simple and efficient approach for the alignment of shifted chromatographic peaks. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4549-4556. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Qiong Li
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou PR China
| | - Min Li Xu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou PR China
| | - Hong Lin Zhai
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou PR China
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14
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Setuain I, Martinikorena J, Gonzalez-Izal M, Martinez-Ramirez A, Gómez M, Alfaro-Adrián J, Izquierdo M. Vertical jumping biomechanical evaluation through the use of an inertial sensor-based technology. J Sports Sci 2015; 34:843-51. [PMID: 26256752 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1075057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Progress in micro-electromechanical systems has turned inertial sensor units (IUs) into a suitable tool for vertical jumping evaluation. In total, 9 men and 8 women were recruited for this study. Three types of vertical jumping tests were evaluated in order to determine if the data provided by an IU placed at the lumbar spine could reliably assess jumping biomechanics and to examine the validity of the IU compared with force plate platform recordings. Robust correlation levels of the IU-based jumping biomechanical evaluation with respect to the force plate across the entire analysed jumping battery were found. In this sense, significant and extremely large correlations were found when raw data of both IU and force plate-derived normalised force-time curves were compared. Furthermore, significant and mainly moderate correlation levels were also found between both instruments when isolated resultant forces' peak values of predefined jumping phases of each manoeuvre were analysed. However, Bland and Altman graphical representation demonstrated a systematic error in the distribution of the data points within the mean ±1.96 SD intervals. Using IUs, several biomechanical variables such as the resultant force-time curve patterns of the three different vertical jumps analysed were reliably measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Setuain
- a Department of Health Sciences , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain.,b Clinical Research Department , TDN, Orthopaedic Surgery and Advanced Rehabilitation Centre , Pamplona , Spain
| | - J Martinikorena
- c Department of Mathematics , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain
| | - M Gonzalez-Izal
- a Department of Health Sciences , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain
| | - A Martinez-Ramirez
- c Department of Mathematics , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain
| | - M Gómez
- c Department of Mathematics , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain
| | - J Alfaro-Adrián
- b Clinical Research Department , TDN, Orthopaedic Surgery and Advanced Rehabilitation Centre , Pamplona , Spain.,d TDN/San Miguel Clinic , Pamplona , Spain
| | - M Izquierdo
- a Department of Health Sciences , Public University of Navarra , Tudela , Spain
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15
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Zhang M, Wen M, Zhang ZM, Lu H, Liang Y, Zhan D. Robust alignment of chromatograms by statistically analyzing the shifts matrix generated by moving window fast Fourier transform cross-correlation. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:965-74. [PMID: 25645318 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Retention time shift is one of the most challenging problems during the preprocessing of massive chromatographic datasets. Here, an improved version of the moving window fast Fourier transform cross-correlation algorithm is presented to perform nonlinear and robust alignment of chromatograms by analyzing the shifts matrix generated by moving window procedure. The shifts matrix in retention time can be estimated by fast Fourier transform cross-correlation with a moving window procedure. The refined shift of each scan point can be obtained by calculating the mode of corresponding column of the shifts matrix. This version is simple, but more effective and robust than the previously published moving window fast Fourier transform cross-correlation method. It can handle nonlinear retention time shift robustly if proper window size has been selected. The window size is the only one parameter needed to adjust and optimize. The properties of the proposed method are investigated by comparison with the previous moving window fast Fourier transform cross-correlation and recursive alignment by fast Fourier transform using chromatographic datasets. The pattern recognition results of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry dataset of metabolic syndrome can be improved significantly after preprocessing by this method. Furthermore, the proposed method is available as an open source package at https://github.com/zmzhang/MWFFT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
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16
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Zhang ZM, Tong X, Peng Y, Ma P, Zhang MJ, Lu HM, Chen XQ, Liang YZ. Multiscale peak detection in wavelet space. Analyst 2015; 140:7955-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multi-scale peak detection (MSPD) for analytical instruments is presented by taking full advantage of additional information in wavelet space including ridges, valleys, and zero-crossings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Institute of Chemometrics and Intelligent Instruments
| | - Xia Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Ying Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Pan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Ming-Jin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Hong-Mei Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Institute of Chemometrics and Intelligent Instruments
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Yi-Zeng Liang
- Institute of Chemometrics and Intelligent Instruments
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P.R. China
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17
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Zhong X, Yan J, Li YC, Kong B, Lu HB, Liang YZ. A novel strategy for quantitative analysis of the formulated complex system using chromatographic fingerprints combined with some chemometric techniques. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1370:179-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Nunes de Paiva MJ, Menezes HC, de Lourdes Cardeal Z. Sampling and analysis of metabolomes in biological fluids. Analyst 2014; 139:3683-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00583j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Metabolome analysis involves the study of small molecules that are involved in the metabolic responses that occur through patho-physiological changes caused by genetic stimuli or chemical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Nunes de Paiva
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- 6627-31270901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei
| | - Helvécio Costa Menezes
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- 6627-31270901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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