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Rollo G, Ronca A, Cerruti P, Gan XP, Fei G, Xia H, Gorokhov G, Bychanok D, Kuzhir P, Lavorgna M, Ambrosio L. On the Synergistic Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoplatelets to Enhance the Functional Properties of SLS 3D-Printed Elastomeric Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081841. [PMID: 32824584 PMCID: PMC7465336 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastomer-based porous structures realized by selective laser sintering (SLS) are emerging as a new class of attractive multifunctional materials. Herein, a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) powder for SLS was modified by 1 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) or a mixture of MWCNTs and graphene (GE) nanoparticles (70/30 wt/wt) in order to investigate on both the synergistic effect provided by the two conductive nanostructured carbonaceous fillers and the correlation between formulation, morphology, and final properties of SLS printed porous structures. In detail, porous structures with a porosity ranging from 20% to 60% were designed using Diamond (D) and Gyroid (G) unit cells. Results showed that the carbonaceous fillers improve the thermal stability of the elastomeric matrix. Furthermore, the TPU/1 wt.% MWCNTs-GE-based porous structures exhibit excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. In particular, all porous structures exhibit a robust negative piezoresistive behavior, as demonstrated from the gauge factor (GF) values that reach values of about −13 at 8% strain. Furthermore, the G20 porous structures (20% of porosity) exhibit microwave absorption coefficients ranging from 0.70 to 0.91 in the 12–18 GHz region and close to 1 at THz frequencies (300 GHz–1 THz). Results show that the simultaneous presence of MWCNTs and GE brings a significant enhancement of specific functional properties of the porous structures, which are proposed as potential actuators with relevant electro-magnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Rollo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei, 34-80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (G.R.); (P.C.); (L.A.)
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Previati, 1, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Alfredo Ronca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Previati, 1, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council Viale J.F. Kennedy, 54-80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Cerruti
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei, 34-80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (G.R.); (P.C.); (L.A.)
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Previati, 1, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Xin Peng Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (X.P.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Guoxia Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (X.P.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Hesheng Xia
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Previati, 1, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (X.P.G.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Gleb Gorokhov
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (G.G.); (D.B.); (P.K.)
- Physics Faculty, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dzmitry Bychanok
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (G.G.); (D.B.); (P.K.)
- Radiophysics department, Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, 220006 Minsk, Belarus; (G.G.); (D.B.); (P.K.)
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Marino Lavorgna
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Previati, 1, 23900 Lecco, Italy;
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, P. le Enrico Fermi, 1-80055 Portici (NA), Italy
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei, 34-80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (G.R.); (P.C.); (L.A.)
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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García-Carmona L, Martín A, Sierra T, González MC, Escarpa A. Electrochemical detectors based on carbon and metallic nanostructures in capillary and microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:80-94. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Carmona
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
| | - Aida Martín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
| | - Tania Sierra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
| | - María Cristina González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcalá; Madrid Spain
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Lucca BG, de Lima F, Coltro WKT, Ferreira VS. Electrodeposition of reduced graphene oxide on a Pt electrode and its use as amperometric sensor in microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1886-93. [PMID: 25884327 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the development and application of a novel graphene-modified electrode to be used as amperometric sensor in microchip electrophoresis (ME) devices. The modified electrode was achieved based on electroreduction of graphene oxide on an integrated Pt working electrode of a commercial ME device. The surface modification was characterized by SEM and cyclic voltammetry techniques. The results indicated that graphene sheets were successfully deposited exhibiting higher surface conductivity and greater electrode sensitivity. The performance of the modified electrode for the amperometric detection on ME devices has been demonstrated by the separation and detection of an anionic mixture containing iodide and ascorbate. The graphene-modified electrode provided significantly higher sensitivity (896.7 vs. 210.9 pA/μM for iodide and 217.8 vs. 127.8 pA/μM for ascorbate), better separation efficiencies (3400 vs. 700 plates/m for iodide and 10 000 vs. 2400 plates/m for ascorbate), enhanced peak resolutions (1.6 vs. 1.0), and LODs (1.5 vs. 5.3 μM for iodide and 3.1 vs. 7.3 μM for ascorbate) in comparison with the unmodified Pt electrode. The proposed amperometric sensor was successfully applied for the analysis of ascorbic acid (through its anionic form) in a commercial medicine sample, and the results achieved were in agreement with the value provided by the supplier. Based on the data here presented, the modified graphene electrode shows great promise for ME applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gabriel Lucca
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Lima
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Valdir Souza Ferreira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Zhang M, Li Y, Su Z, Wei G. Recent advances in the synthesis and applications of graphene–polymer nanocomposites. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00777a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We summarize the recent advances in the modification of graphene with polymers and the synthesis and applications of high quality graphene–polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Gang Wei
- Hybrid Materials Interface Group
- Faculty of Production Engineering
- University of Bremen
- D-28359 Bremen
- Germany
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Du F, Cao S, Fung YS. A serial dual-electrode detector based on electrogenerated bromine for capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3556-63. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Du
- Department of Water Quality Engineering, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Shunan Cao
- Department of Water Quality Engineering, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Ying-Sing Fung
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
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Lucca BG, Lunte SM, Tomazelli Coltro WK, Ferreira VS. Separation of natural antioxidants using PDMS electrophoresis microchips coupled with amperometric detection and reverse polarity. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3363-70. [PMID: 25224541 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the use of PDMS ME coupled with amperometric detection for rapid separation of ascorbic, gallic , ferulic, p-coumaric acids using reverse polarity. ME devices were fabricated in PDMS by soft lithography and detection was accomplished using an integrated carbon fiber working electrode aligned in the end-channel configuration. Separation and detection parameters were investigated and the best conditions were obtained using a run buffer consisting of 5 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) and a detection voltage of 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. All compounds were separated within 70 s using gated injection mode with baseline resolution and separation efficiencies between 1200 and 9000 plates. Calibration curves exhibited good linearity and the LODs achieved ranged from 1.7 to 9.7 μM. The precision for migration time and peak height provided maximum values of 4% for the intrachip studies. Lastly, the analytical method was successfully applied for the analysis of ascorbic and gallic acids in commercial beverage samples. The results achieved using ME coupled with amperometric detection were in good agreement with the values provided by the supplier. Based on the data reported here, the proposed method shows suitability to be applied for the routine analysis of beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gabriel Lucca
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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