Assembly of graphene and nickel nanoparticles on anion exchange resin microspheres for the amperometric detection of carbohydrates in combination with capillary electrophoresis

Potential of carbohydrate-conjugated graphene assemblies in biomedical applications

Graphene displays various properties like optical, electrical, mechanical, etc. resulting in a large range of applications in biosensing, bio-imaging, medical and electronic devices. The graphene-based nanomaterials show disadvantages like hydrophobic surface, degradation of biomolecules (proteins and amino acids) and toxicity to the human and microbes by permeating into the cells and thus, limiting the use in the biomedical field. Conjugation of carbohydrates like chitin, cyclodextrins and cellulose with graphene results in thermal stability, oxygen repulsive ability, fire-retardant and gelling properties with better biodegradability, biocompatibility and safety leading to the formation of environment-friendly biopolymers. This article delivers an overview of the molecular interaction of different carbohydrates-derived from natural sources like marine, plants and microbes with graphene nanosheets to extend the applications in tissue engineering, surgical materials, biosensing and novel drug delivery for prolonged action in the treatment of breast and hepatic cancers.

Reduced graphene oxide-nickel nanoparticles/biopolymer composite films for the sub-millimolar detection of glucose

A conjugate of reduced graphene oxide and nickel nanoparticles was synthesized and deposited onto GCE as a nanocomposite of chitosan and glucose oxidase. Applications as a glucose biosensor were explored for the first time.