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Aminoquinolones and Their Benzoquinone Dimer Hybrids as Modulators of Prion Protein Conversion. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227935. [PMID: 36432036 PMCID: PMC9693643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prion Diseases or Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies are neurodegenerative conditions associated with a long incubation period and progressive clinical evolution, leading to death. Their pathogenesis is characterized by conformational changes of the cellular prion protein-PrPC-in its infectious isoform-PrPSc-which can form polymeric aggregates that precipitate in brain tissues. Currently, there are no effective treatments for these diseases. The 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzoquinone structure is associated with an anti-prion profile and, considering the biodynamic properties associated with 4-quinolones, in this work, 6-amino-4-quinolones derivatives and their respective benzoquinone dimeric hybrids were synthesized and had their bioactive profile evaluated through their ability to prevent prion conversion. Two hybrids, namely, 2,5-dichloro-3,6-bis((3-carboxy-1-pentyl-4-quinolone-6-yl)amino)-1,4-benzoquinone (8e) and 2,5-dichloro-3,6-bis((1-benzyl-3-carboxy-4-quinolone-6-yl)amino)-1,4-benzoquinone (8f), stood out for their prion conversion inhibition ability, affecting the fibrillation process in both the kinetics-with a shortening of the lag phase-and thermodynamics and their ability to inhibit the formation of protein aggregates without significant cytotoxicity at ten micromolar.
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Liu S, Sang Z, Qin L, Gong W, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Zhao Q. Application progress of immobilized biomembrane in the discovery of active compounds of natural products. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5447. [PMID: 35833910 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are an important source of bioactive compounds. Considering their complex matrix effects, the development of suitable methodologies for the fast identification and analysis of active substances from NPs played a significant role in controlling their quality and discovering new drugs. In recent years, the technology of immobilized biomembrane has attracted increasing attention, due to its peculiarities such as multi-target efficiency, accuracy and/or time-saving compared with traditional activity-guided separation and ligand fishing methods. This article first provides a systematic review of the latest advances in screening technologies based on biomembrane in the field of NPs. It includes detailed discussions of these technologies, including cell membrane chromatography, artificial membrane chromatography, cell membrane fishing, living cell fishing methods, and their applications in screening various active molecules from NPs. Their limitations and future development prospects were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenqi Sang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lupin Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan Gong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luying Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoyan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Maitra U, Stephen C, Ciesla LM. Drug discovery from natural products - Old problems and novel solutions for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 210:114553. [PMID: 34968995 PMCID: PMC8792363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of natural products has been shown to be a fruitful approach in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. In fact, many currently approved drugs originated from compounds that were first identified in nature. Chemical diversity of natural compounds cannot be matched by man-made libraries of chemically synthesized molecules. Many natural compounds interact with and modulate regulatory protein targets and can be considered evolutionarily-optimized drug-like molecules. Despite this, many pharmaceutical companies have reduced or eliminated their natural product discovery programs in the last two decades. Screening natural products for pharmacologically active compounds is a challenging task that requires high resource commitment. Novel approaches at the early stage of the drug discovery pipeline are needed to allow for rapid screening and identification of the most promising molecules. Here, we review the possible evolutionary roots for drug-like characteristics of numerous natural compounds. Since many of these compounds target evolutionarily conserved cellular signaling pathways, we propose novel, early-stage drug discovery approaches to identify drug candidates that can be used for the potential prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Invertebrate in vivo animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and innovative tools used within these models are proposed here as a screening funnel to identify new drug candidates and to shuttle these hits into further stages of the drug discovery pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Maitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Cayman Stephen
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Lukasz M Ciesla
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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Ximenes IAT, Albino M, Sangregorio C, Cass QB, de Moraes MC. On-flow magnetic particle activity assay for the screening of human purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1663:462740. [PMID: 34942489 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (HsPNP) catalyzes reversible phosphorolysis of nucleosides and deoxynucleosides in the purine cascade. HsPNP has been a target on behalf of the development of new leads for the treatment of a variety of T-cell mediated disorders. Several studies on the HsPNP are focused on the identification of effective, safe, and selective inhibitors. Therefore, this study describes the development of direct, simple, reliable, and inexpensive enzymatic assays to screen HsPNP inhibitors. Initially, HsPNP was covalently immobilized on the surface of magnetic particles (MPs). Due to the versatility of the MPs as solid support for enzyme immobilization, two different methods to monitor the enzyme activity are presented. Firstly, the activity of HsPNP-MPs was assessed offline by HPLC-DAD quantifying the formed hypoxanthine. Then, HsPNP-MPs were trapped in a peek tube, furnishing a microreactor which was inserted on-flow in an HPLC-DAD system to monitor the enzyme activity by the hypoxanthine quantification. Kinetic assays provided KMapp values for the inosine substrate of 488.2 ± 49.1 and 1084 ± 111 µM for the offline and on-flow assays, respectively. For the first time, kinetic studies for Pi as substrate using the HsPNP-MPs exhibits a Michaelis-Menten kinetic, yielding KMapp values for offline and on-flow of 521.2 ± 62.9 µM and 601 ± 66.5 µM, respectively. Inhibition studies conducted with a fourth generation immucillin derivative (DI4G) were employed as proof of concept to validate the use of the HsPNP-MPs assays for screening purposes. Additionally, a small library containing 11 compounds was used to assess the selectivity of the developed assays. The results showed that both presented assays can be applied to selectively recognizing and characterizing HsPNP inhibitors. Particularly, the on-flow method exhibited a high throughput and performance because of its automation and represents an easy and practical approach to reuse the HsPNP-MPs. Besides, this novel enzyme activity assay model can be further applied to other biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A T Ximenes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense. Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - M Albino
- INSTM and Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Sangregorio
- INSTM and Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; ICCOM-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Q B Cass
- SEPARARE - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M C de Moraes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense. Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil.
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Magnetic particles for enzyme immobilization: A versatile support for ligand screening. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114286. [PMID: 34358814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme inhibitors represent a substantial fraction of all small molecules currently in clinical use. Therefore, the early stage of drug-discovery process and development efforts are focused on the identification of new enzyme inhibitors through screening assays. The use of immobilized enzymes on solid supports to probe ligand-enzyme interactions have been employed with success not only to identify and characterize but also to isolate new ligands from complex mixtures. Between the available solid supports, magnetic particles have emerged as a promising support for enzyme immobilization due to the high superficial area, easy separation from the reaction medium and versatility. Particularly, the ligand fishing assay has been employed as a very useful tool to rapidly isolate bioactive compounds from complex mixtures, and hence the use of magnetic particles for enzyme immobilization has been widespread. Thus, this review provides a critical overview of the screening assays using immobilized enzymes on magnetic particles between 2006 and 2021.
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Ellett LJ, Revill ZT, Koo YQ, Lawson VA. Strain variation in treatment and prevention of human prion diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 175:121-145. [PMID: 32958230 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases describe a number of different human disorders that differ in their clinical phenotypes, which are nonetheless united by their transmissible nature and common pathology. Clinical variation in the absence of a conventional infectious agent is believed to be encoded by different conformations of the misfolded prion protein. This misfolded protein is the target of methods designed to prevent disease transmission in a surgical setting and reduction of the misfolded seed or preventing its continued propagation have been the focus of therapeutic strategies. It is therefore possible that strain variation may influence the efficacy of prevention and treatment approaches. Historically, an understanding of prion disease transmission and pathogenesis has been focused on research tools developed using agriculturally relevant strains of prion disease. However, an increased understanding of the molecular biology of human prion disorders has highlighted differences not only between different forms of the disease affecting humans and animals but also within diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), which is represented by several sporadic CJD specific conformations and an additional conformation associated with variant CJD. In this chapter we will discuss whether prion strain variation can affect the efficacy of methods used to decontaminate prions and whether strain variation in pre-clinical models of prion disease can be used to identify therapeutic strategies that have the best possible chance of success in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Ellett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zoe T Revill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yong Qian Koo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Victoria A Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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de Moraes MC, Cardoso CL, Cass QB. Solid-Supported Proteins in the Liquid Chromatography Domain to Probe Ligand-Target Interactions. Front Chem 2019; 7:752. [PMID: 31803714 PMCID: PMC6873629 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-target interactions play a central role in drug discovery processes because these interactions are crucial in biological systems. Small molecules-proteins interactions can regulate and modulate protein function and activity through conformational changes. Therefore, bioanalytical tools to screen new ligands have focused mainly on probing ligand-target interactions. These interactions have been evaluated by using solid-supported proteins, which provide advantages like increased protein stability and easier protein extraction from the reaction medium, which enables protein reuse. In some specific approaches, precisely in the ligand fishing assay, the bioanalytical method allows the ligands to be directly isolated from complex mixtures, including combinatorial libraries and natural products extracts without prior purification or fractionation steps. Most of these screening assays are based on liquid chromatography separation, and the binding events can be monitored through on-line or off-line methods. In the on-line approaches, solid supports containing the immobilized biological target are used as chromatographic columns most of the time. Several terms have been used to refer to such approaches, such as weak affinity chromatography, high-performance affinity chromatography, on-flow activity assays, and high-performance liquid affinity chromatography. On the other hand, in the off-line approaches, the binding event occurs outside the liquid chromatography system and may encompass affinity and activity-based assays in which the biological target is immobilized on magnetic particles or monolithic silica, among others. After the incubation step, the supernatant or the eluate from the binding assay is analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to various detectors. Regardless of the selected bioanalytical approach, the use of solid supported proteins has significantly contributed to the development of automated and reliable screening methods that enable ligands to be isolated and characterized in complex matrixes without purification, thereby reducing costs and avoiding time-laborious steps. This review provides a critical overview of recently developed assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Cristina de Moraes
- Laboratório SINCROMA, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Carmen Lucia Cardoso
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Quezia Bezerra Cass
- Separare, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Wang Q, Liu R, Zhou H, Crommen J, Moaddel R, Jiang Z, Zhang T. Rapid screening and identification of monoamine oxidase-A inhibitors from Corydalis Rhizome using enzyme-immobilized magnetic beads based method. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zhao YM, Wang LH, Luo SF, Wang QQ, Moaddel R, Zhang TT, Jiang ZJ. Magnetic beads-based neuraminidase enzyme microreactor as a drug discovery tool for screening inhibitors from compound libraries and fishing ligands from natural products. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:123-130. [PMID: 30005943 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase (NA) is a glycoside hydrolase that has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for influenza. Thus, the identification of compounds that modulate NA activity could be of great therapeutic importance. The aim of this study is to develop a drug discovery tool for the identification of novel modulators of NA from both compound libraries and natural plant extracts. NA was immobilized onto the surface of magnetic beads and the inherent catalytic activity of NA-functionalized magnetic beads was characterized. Based on the enzymatic activity (hydrolysis ratio), the inhibitory activities of 12 compounds from plant secondary metabolites were screened, and the desired anti-NA activities of flavonoids were certified. Ligand fishing with the immobilized enzyme was optimized using an artificial test mixture consisting of oseltamivir, lycorine and matrine prior to carrying out the proof-of-concept experiment with the crude extract of Flos Lonicerae. The combination of ligand fishing and HPLC-MS/MS identified luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, luteolin, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid as neuraminidase inhibitory ligands in Flos Lonicerae. This is the first report on the use of neuraminidase functionalized magnetic beads for the identification of active ligands from a botanical matrix, and it sets the basis for the de novo identification of NA modulators from complex biological mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Lv-Huan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Si-Fan Luo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qi-Qin Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China; Department of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, United States
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Zheng-Jin Jiang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China; Department of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Ligand Fishing with Cellular Membrane-Coated Magnetic Beads: A New Method for the Screening of Potentially Active Compounds from Natural Products. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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