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Daneshvar Tarigh G. Enantioseparation/Recognition based on nano techniques/materials. J Sep Sci 2023:e2201065. [PMID: 37043692 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers show different behaviors in interaction with the chiral environment. Due to their identical chemical structure and their wide application in various industries, such as agriculture, medicine, pesticide, food, and so forth, their separation is of great importance. Today, the term "nano" is frequently encountered in all fields. Technology and measuring devices are moving towards miniaturization, and the usage of nanomaterials in all sectors is expanding substantially. Given that scientists have recently attempted to apply miniaturized techniques known as nano-liquid chromatography/capillary-liquid chromatography, which were originally accomplished in 1988, as well as the widespread usage of nanomaterials for chiral resolution (back in 1989), this comprehensive study was developed. Searching the terms "nano" and "enantiomer separation" on scientific websites such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science yields articles that either use miniaturized instruments or apply nanomaterials as chiral selectors with a variety of chemical and electrochemical detection techniques, which are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Daneshvar Tarigh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Si H, Wang Q, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Li H, Li S, Wang S, Zhu B. Functionalized monolithic columns: Recent advancements and their applications for high-efficiency separation and enrichment in food and medicine. Front Chem 2022; 10:951649. [PMID: 35991596 PMCID: PMC9388943 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.951649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromatographic column is the core of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, and must have excellent separation efficiency and selectivity. Therefore, functional modification materials for monolithic columns have been rapidly developed. This study is a systematic review of the recently reported functionalized monolithic columns. In particular, the study reviews the types of functional monomers under different modification conditions, as well as the separation and detection techniques combined with chromatography, and their development prospects. In addition, the applications of functionalized monolithic columns in food analysis, biomedicine, and the analysis of active ingredient of Chinese herbal medicines in recent years are also discussed. Also reviewed are the functionalized monolithic columns for qualitative and quantitative analysis. It provided a reference for further development and application of organic polymer monolithic columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Si
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Wang,
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Hongya Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shuna Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Baocheng Zhu
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Determination of l-norvaline and l-tryptophan in dietary supplements by nano-LC using an O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydroquinidine-silica hybrid monolithic column. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:70-77. [PMID: 32123601 PMCID: PMC7037541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An analytical methodology based on an O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydroquinidine (MQD)-silica hybrid monolithic column was developed for the enantioseparation of 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC) derivatized amino acids by nano-liquid chromatography. The mobile phase was optimized including the apparent pH, content of ACN, and concentration of the buffer to obtain a satisfactory enantioresolution performance. 27 FMOC derivatized amino acids including 19 protein and 8 non-protein amino acids were tested, and 19 out of them were enantiomerically discriminated obtaining baseline separation for 11 of them. Analytical characteristics of the method were evaluated for norvaline and tryptophan in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) showing good performance to be applied to the enantiomeric determination of these amino acids in dietary supplements. LOD and LOQ values were 9.3 and 31 μM for norvaline enantiomers and 7.5 and 25 μM for tryptophan enantiomers, respectively. The contents of d-norvaline and d-tryptophan were below their respective LODs in all the analyzed samples. Quantitation of l-tryptophan and l-norvaline showed good agreement with the labeled contents except for one sample which did not show presence of l-norvaline, contrary to the label indication. A method was developed for the enantiomeric separation of amino acids by nano-LC. A novel quinidine-silica hybrid monolith was employed as chiral column. 19 protein and non-protein FMOC-amino acids were enantiomerically discriminated. Analytical characteristics of the developed method were evaluated. Norvaline and tryptophan were enantiomerically determined in dietary supplements.
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Recent advances in preparation and applications of monolithic chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xu D, Wang Q, Sánchez-López E, Jiang Z, Marina ML. Preparation of an O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydroquinidine-silica hybrid monolithic column for the enantioseparation of amino acids by nano-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1593:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ma S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Ou J, Wei Y, Ye M. One-step fabrication of cinchona-based hybrid monolithic chiral stationary phases via photo-initiated thiol-ene polymerization for cLC enantioseparation. Talanta 2019; 198:432-439. [PMID: 30876583 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although various click polymerization reactions (thiol-ene, thiol-yne, thiol-Michael, thiol-epoxy and amine-epoxy) have been utilized to prepare either hybrid or organic monolithic columns with homogeneous network structures, there were few reports on fabrication of monolithic CSPs via click polymerization. Herein, a fast and robust approach was explored to fabricate cinchona-based monolithic hybrid CSPs via photo-initiated thiol-ene polymerization within 10 min in one step. A self-synthesized octakis(3-mercaptopropyl) octasilsesquioxane (POSS-SH) was polymerized with phenylisocyanate cinchonidine (PCD) and (+)-N,N'-diallyl-L-tartardiamide (DATDA) or 1,2,4-trivinylcyclohexane (TVCH). The resulting two kinds of as-synthesized monolithic CSPs, poly(POSS-co-DATDA-co-PCD) and poly(POSS-co-TVCH-co-PCD), were evaluated for cLC enantioseparation of acidic racemates. It was found that they exhibited different enantioseparation ability due to using different multivinyl crosslinkers. The influence of ACN content in mobile phase on the enantioseparation of acidic racemates was investigated. The separation mechanism was also discussed on the basis of a comparison of enantioseparation on two kinds of hybrid monolithic CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Ilisz I, Bajtai A, Péter A, Lindner W. Cinchona Alkaloid-Based Zwitterionic Chiral Stationary Phases Applied for Liquid Chromatographic Enantiomer Separations: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:251-277. [PMID: 31069739 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
For the early 2000s, chromatographic methods applying chiral stationary phases (CSPs) became the most effective techniques for the resolution of chiral compounds on both analytical and preparative scales. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) employing various types of chiral selectors covalently bonded to silica-based supports offers a state-of-the-art methodology for "chiral analysis." Although a large number of CSPs are available nowadays, the design and development of new "chiral columns" are still needed since it is obvious that in practice one needs a good portfolio of different columns to face the challenging task of enantiomeric resolutions. The development of the unique chiral anion, cation, and zwitterion exchangers achieved by Lindner and his partners serves as an expansion of the range of the efficiently applicable CSPs.In this context this overview chapter discusses and summarizes direct enantiomer separations of chiral acids and ampholytes applying zwitterionic ion exchangers derived from Cinchona alkaloids. Our aim is to provide comprehensive information on practical solutions with focus on the molecular recognition and methodological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Ilisz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Bajtai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Antal Péter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang Lindner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Aydoğan C, Gökaltun A, Denizli A, El Rassi Z. Biochromatographic applications of polymethacrylate monolithic columns used in electro- and liquid phase-separationsΨ. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2018.1462204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Aydoğan
- Department of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Gökaltun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ziad El Rassi
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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A facile and efficient single-step approach for the fabrication of vancomycin functionalized polymer-based monolith as chiral stationary phase for nano-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1557:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ilisz I, Bajtai A, Lindner W, Péter A. Liquid chromatographic enantiomer separations applying chiral ion-exchangers based on Cinchona alkaloids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:127-152. [PMID: 29980014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the understanding of the various biological actions of compounds with different stereochemistry has grown, the necessity to develop methods for the analytical qualification and quantification of chiral products has become particularly important. The last quarter of the century has seen a vast growth of diverse chiral technologies, including stereocontrolled synthesis and enantioselective separation and analysis concepts. By the introduction of covalently bonded silica-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs), the so-called direct liquid chromatographic (LC) methods of enantiomer separation became the state-of-the-art methodology. Although a large number of CSPs is available nowadays, the design and development of new chiral selectors and CSPs are still needed since it is obvious that in practice one needs a good portfolio of different CSPs and focused "chiral columns" to tackle the challenging tasks. This review discusses and summarizes direct enantiomer separations of chiral acids and ampholytes applying anionic and zwitterionic ion-exchangers derived from Cinchona alkaloids with emphasis on literature data published in the last 10 years. Our aim is to provide an overview of practical solutions, while focusing on the integration of molecular recognition and methodological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Ilisz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Somogyi utca 4, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Bajtai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang Lindner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 83, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antal Péter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Rocco A, Donati E, Touloupakis E, Aturki Z. Miniaturized separation techniques as analytical methods to ensure quality and safety of dietary supplements. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Fumagalli L, Pucciarini L, Regazzoni L, Gilardoni E, Carini M, Vistoli G, Aldini G, Sardella R. Direct HPLC separation of carnosine enantiomers with two chiral stationary phases based on penicillamine and teicoplanin derivatives. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1240-1246. [PMID: 29230946 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine is present in high concentrations in specific human tissues such as the skeletal muscle, and among its biological functions, the remarkable scavenging activity toward reactive carbonyl species is noteworthy. Although the two enantiomers show almost identical scavenging reactivity toward reactive carbonyl species, only d-carnosine is poorly adsorbed at the gastrointestinal level and is stable in human plasma. Direct methods for the enantioselective analysis of carnosine are still missing even though they could find more effective applications in the analysis of complex matrices. In the present study, the use of two different chiral stationary phases is presented. A chiral ligand-exchange chromatography stationary phase based on N,S-dioctyl-d-penicillamine resulted in the direct enantioseparation of carnosine. Indeed, running the analysis at 25°C and 1.0 mL/min with a 1.5 mM copper(II) sulfate concentration allowed us to obtain separation and resolution factors of 3.37 and 12.34, respectively. However, the use of a copper(II)-containing eluent renders it hardly compatible with mass spectrometry detectors. With the teicoplanin-based stationary phase, a mass spectrometry compatible method was successfully developed. Indeed, a water/methanol 60:40 v/v pH 3.1 eluent flowed at 1.0 mL/min and with a 25°C column temperature produced separation and resolution factors of 2.60 and 4.16, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Pucciarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Regazzoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Gilardoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roccardo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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A dummy molecularly imprinted monolith for selective solid-phase microextraction of vanillin and methyl vanillin prior to their determination by HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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17
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Wang Q, Zhu P, Ruan M, Wu H, Peng K, Han H, Somsen GW, Crommen J, Jiang Z. Chiral separation of acidic compounds using an O-9-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)quinidine functionalized monolith in micro-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Peng K, Wang Q, Chen W, Xia D, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Jiang Z, Wu F. Phosphatidic acid-functionalized monolithic stationary phase for reversed-phase/cation-exchange mixed mode chromatography. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21504a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A reversed-phase and cation-exchange mixed-mode poly(MDPA-co-EDMA) monolith was successfully prepared and applied to the separation of a wide range of analytes, such as small peptides, phenols, vitamins B, pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Peng
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
- School of Public Health
| | - Qiqin Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Weijia Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Donghai Xia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhengyin Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhengjin Jiang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Fuhai Wu
- School of Public Health
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
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