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Ali I, Alam SD, Raja R, Shirsath V, Jain AK, Yusuf K, Aljuwayid AM, Sillanpää M. Chiral separation of β-blockers by supercritical fluid chromatography using Chiralpak-IG and Chiralpak IBN-5 columns. Chirality 2022; 34:848-855. [PMID: 35297109 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chiral separation of β-blockers is performed by utilizing the supercritical fluid chromatographic method. The chiral columns utilized were Chiralpak IG and Chiralpak IBN-5. The finest mobile phase was CO2 -0.2% TEA in methanol (60:40). The values atenolol enantiomers retention factors were 6.39 and 8.98. These values for propranolol enantiomers were 3.39 and 4.06. These values for betaxolol enantiomers were 4.08 and 4.68. The separation and resolution factor values for atenolol, propranolol, and betaxolol were 1.41 and 3.33, 1.19 and 2.23, and 1.15 and 1.87, separately and respectively. By comparison, it was observed that Chiralpak IG column is better than Chiralpak IBN-5 column. Supercritical fluid chromatography has been found as the best analytical technique due to its high speed, being eco-friendly, and being economic. The various most probable interactions responsible for the chiral resolution are hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, steric effect, and π-π interactions. The reported methods are effective, efficient, and reproducible and may be used to separate and identify atenolol, propranolol, and betaxolol in any unknown samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rupak Raja
- Jubilant Biosys Limited, Jamia Millia Islamia, Greater Noida, India.,Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied, Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Vikas Shirsath
- Jubilant Biosys Limited, Jamia Millia Islamia, Greater Noida, India
| | - Arvind K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied, Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Kareem Yusuf
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muteb Aljuwayid
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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2
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Liquid-liquid chromatography in enantioseparations. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1626:461345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Duan WD, Huang XY, Di DL. Chiral counter-current chromatography: A survey of its instrument, mechanism, procedure, and applications. Chirality 2020; 32:1264-1283. [PMID: 32692440 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The chiral separation by counter-current chromatography has made great progress in the past three decades. It has become increasingly popular in the field of chiral separation, and many applications have been introduced during the last years. This review mainly focuses on the current topics, applications, and trends in chiral separation by counter-current chromatography. It contains the development of modern counter-current chromatography apparatus, theory of counter-current chromatography, overview of applications of chiral counter-current chromatography enantioseparation, its current situation, and challenges. At last, some conclusions and perspectives also have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Da Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yi Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Duo-Long Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Sun W, Wang C, Jin Y, Wang X, Zhao S, Luo M, Yan J, Tong S. Stereoselective separation of (1S, 4S)-sertraline from medicinal reaction mixtures by countercurrent chromatography with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as stereoselective selector. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2734-2742. [PMID: 31207064 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four stereoisomeric components were produced during the synthesis of the antidepressant drug (1S, 4S)-sertraline hydrochloride due to the two chiral carbon centers in its chemical structure, including (1S, 4S), (1R, 4R), (1S, 4R), and (1R, 4S)-isomer. Stereoselective separation of the target isomer (1S, 4S)-sertraline from the medicinal reaction mixtures by countercurrent chromatography using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as the stereoselective selector was investigated. A biphasic solvent system composed of n-hexane/0.20 mol/L phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.6 containing 0.10 mol/L of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (1:1, v/v) was selected for separation of cis-sertraline and trans-sertraline using reverse phase elution mode and (1S, 4S)-sertraline was separated with (1R, 4R)-sertraline using recycling elution mode. A fabricated in-house analytical countercurrent chromatographic apparatus was used for optimization of the separation conditions. Stationary phase retention and peak resolution were investigated for separation of cis-sertraline and trans-sertraline by the analytical apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meng Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Tong SQ. Chiral Separations by Countercurrent Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:321-337. [PMID: 31069742 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chiral separations by countercurrent chromatography are mainly divided into two types: homogeneous chiral selector addition and interfacial chiral ligand exchange. In this chapter, we describe two methods for the enantioseparation of phenylsuccinic acid and α-hydroxy acids by high-speed countercurrent chromatography using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and N-n-dodecyl-L-proline as chiral selectors for both above mentioned modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Lv L, Lv H, Qiu X, Yan J, Tong S. Stereoselectiveseparation of racemic trans-paroxol, N-methylparoxetine and paroxetine containing two chiral carbon centres by countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1570:99-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Zhang H, Qiu X, Lv L, Sun W, Wang C, Yan J, Tong S. Preparative enantioseparation of loxoprofen precursor by recycling countercurrent chromatography with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as a chiral selector. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2828-2836. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xujun Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Liqiong Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P. R. China
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Lv L, Bu Z, Sun W, Wang C, Xu C, Tong S. Application of pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography in the chiral separation of two β-adrenergic blocking agents. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:1433-1441. [PMID: 29178304 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two β-adrenergic blocking agents, 1-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-3-phenoxy-2-propanol (1) and 1-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-3-(3-methylphenoxy)-2-propanol (2; Toliprolol), were enantioseparated by pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography. A two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform containing 0.10 mol/L of di-n-hexyl l-tartrate/0.10 mol/L of boric acid aqueous solution (1:1, v/v) was selected, in which 20 mmol/L triethylamine was added in the organic phase as a retainer and 2 mmol/L HCl was added in the aqueous phase as an eluter. Fifty milligrams of each racemate was completely enantioseparated by pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography to yield each enantiomer with a purity of more than 98%, and the recovery of each separated enantiomer reached around 76-82%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhisi Bu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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