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Cho W, Flagg LQ, Hoffman JR, Burnett D, Kondor A, Fox DM, Stafford CM, Woodcock JW. New Method to Probe the Surface Properties of Polymer Thin Films by Two-Dimensional (2D) Inverse Gas Chromatography (iGC). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14037-14044. [PMID: 38917337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Polymer-based functional surface coatings are extensively used in advanced technologies, including optics, energy, and environmental applications. Surface thermodynamic properties profoundly impact the molecular interactions that control interfacial behaviors, such as adhesion and wettability, which in turn dictate coating processes and performance. Conventionally, contact angle measurements are used to assess the surface energy of polymer films and coatings, where the wettability of a surface is assessed using probe fluids (liquid drops). However, contact angle measurement oftentimes can be nontrivial due to the roughness or chemical heterogeneity of the solid surface, as well as the potential for the liquid drop to swell or even dissolve the material being measured. Alternatively, inverse gas chromatography (iGC) is a versatile technique to measure surface thermodynamics and Lewis acid-base properties while also providing environmental control such as temperature and humidity. Despite these benefits, the application of iGC has been limited to powders or fibers, while the direct measurement of supported thin films or coatings is still a nascent area of research. This creates a challenge when using iGC as a comprehensive platform for measuring the physicochemical properties of solid surfaces. Here, we demonstrate how to effectively use iGC to characterize the surface energy of supported polymer thin films by using a two-dimensional (2D) film holder and modifying operational controls, such as the concentration range of the injected gas probe molecules. This enables the precise control of surface coverage required for analyzing samples having minimal surface area, such as thin films. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was employed as a benchmark to determine suitable iGC parameters and to validate our approach on polymer thin films. The seminal work presented here expands the capability of state-of-the-art iGC to embrace supported thin films (2D iGC) that could either be smooth or display texture/roughness (patterned films) as well as coatings with heterogeneous chemical/structural composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whirang Cho
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, D.C. 20016, United States
| | - Lucas Q Flagg
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - John R Hoffman
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Daniel Burnett
- Surface Measurement Systems, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18103, United States
| | - Anett Kondor
- Surface Measurement Systems, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18103, United States
| | - Douglas M Fox
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, D.C. 20016, United States
| | - Christopher M Stafford
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jeremiah W Woodcock
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Isik B, Bilgi M. Investigation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Aspergillus niger Biomass and Examination of Its Ability to Separate Butyl Acetate Isomers. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04881-y. [PMID: 38411937 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus niger is a species of fungus that is widely found in natural ecosystems and has an important role in various industrial fields and is readily available. To study the adhesion of microbial cells to solid substrates and to improve their properties, physicochemical characterization of microorganisms is extremely important. For this purpose, in this study, the surface properties of A. niger biomass were determined at low cost and with high accuracy by inverse gas chromatography (IGC), a physicochemical characterization technique. IGC experiments were conducted between 303.2 and 328.2 K at infinite dilution. Among these temperatures, various organic solvent vapors were passed over the A. niger biomass considered as stationary phase and their retention behavior was studied. Using the raw data, net retention volumes were calculated and retention diagrams were drawn. From the linear retention diagrams, the dispersive surface energy was calculated according to Dorris-Gray (48.73-46.09 mJ/m2), Donnet-Park (47.12-44.50 mJ/m2), Schultz (46.88-42.45 mJ/m2), and Hamieh (76.42-64.06 mJ/m2) methods. With the IGC method, the acidity-basicity parameters of A. niger biomass were determined and it was found that the surface was basic (K D / K A = 4.871 ). In the second part of this study, the butyl acetate isomer series, which are difficult to be separated by conventional methods, were effectively separated by the IGC method using A. niger stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birol Isik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey.
| | - Mesut Bilgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey
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George G, Ealias AM, Saravanakumar MP. Advancements in textile dye removal: a critical review of layered double hydroxides and clay minerals as efficient adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12748-12779. [PMID: 38265587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The textile industry is responsible for producing large volumes of wastewater that contain a wide variety of dye compounds. This poses a significant environmental hazard and risks harming both ecosystems and living organisms. This review study explores the advancements in adsorption research for dye removal, with a particular emphasis on the development of various adsorbents. The article provides detailed insights into the toxicity and classification of dyes, different treatment techniques, and the characteristics of numerous adsorbents, with special attention to layered double hydroxides (LDH) and clay minerals. A comprehensive list of adsorbents, encompassing natural materials, agricultural by-products, industrial waste, and activated carbon, is discussed for effective removal of different dyes. Furthermore, the review extensively examines the influence of various adsorption variables, such as pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, ionic strength, and pore volume of the adsorbent. Additionally, the application of response surface methodology for optimizing adsorption variables is elucidated. Commonly, electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, n-π interactions, van der Waals forces, H-bonding, and pore diffusion play a major role in adsorption mechanism. The review also found that LDH can eliminate a wide range of dyes from wastewater, achieving excellent uptake capacities often exceeding 500 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 99%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations gave the best fit to most of the adsorption data. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking sustainable solutions to address the environmental challenges posed by textile dye contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giphin George
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, A.P., Green Fields, 522302, India.
| | - Anu Mary Ealias
- Department of Civil Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, A.P., Green Fields, 522302, India
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Meyer R, Mueller K, Naumov S, Bauer F, Enke D. Characterization of polar surface groups on siliceous materials by inverse gas chromatography and the enthalpy-entropy compensation effect. Front Chem 2023; 11:1084046. [PMID: 37065825 PMCID: PMC10098098 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1084046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface-modified porous silica is a well-established composite material. To improve its embedding and application behavior, adsorption studies of various probe molecules have been performed using the technique of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). For this purpose, IGC experiments were carried out in the infinite dilution mode on macro-porous micro glass spheres before and after surface modification with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. To provide information about the polar interactions between probe molecules and the silica surface, in particular, eleven polar molecules have been injected. In summary, the free surface energy for pristine silica ( γ S t o t a l = 229 mJ/m2) and for (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane-modified silica ( γ S t o t a l = 135 mJ/m2) indicates a reduced wettability after surface modification. This is due to the reduction of the polar component of the free surface energy ( γ S S P ) from 191 mJ/m2 to 105 mJ/m2. Simultaneously, with the reduction of surface silanol groups caused by surface modification of silica and, therefore, the decrease in polar interactions, a substantial loss of Lewis acidity was observed by various IGC approaches. Experiments with all silica materials have been conducted at temperatures in the range from 90°C to 120°C to determine the thermodynamic parameters, such as adsorption enthalpy ( Δ H a d s ) and adsorption entropy ( Δ S a d s ), using the Arrhenius regression procedure evaluating the IGC data. With the help of the enthalpy-entropy compensation, two types of adsorption complexes are assumed between polar probe molecules and the silica surface because of different isokinetic temperatures. Identical adsorption complexes with an isokinetic temperature of 370°C have been assigned to alkanes and weakly interacting polar probes such as benzene, toluene, dichloromethane, and chloroform. Polar probe molecules with typical functional groups such as OH, CO, and CN, having the ability to form hydrogen bonds to the silica surface, exhibit a lower isokinetic temperature of 60°C. Quantum chemical calculations of the probe molecules on a non-hydroxylated and hydroxylated silica cluster supported the formation of hydrogen bonds in the case of a strong polar adsorption complex with a bonding distance of 1.7 nm-1.9 nm to the silica surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Meyer
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ralf Meyer, ; Dirk Enke,
| | - Kai Mueller
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergej Naumov
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank Bauer
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Enke
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ralf Meyer, ; Dirk Enke,
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Isik B, Cakar F, Cankurtaran O. A comparative study of surface properties of Urtica dioica (nettle) leaves, roots, and seeds and examination of their ability to separate xylene isomers. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:886-894. [PMID: 35644373 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urtica dioica (nettle) is a plant species of the Urticaceae family that grows in various parts of the world and exerts antioxidant, antibacterial, antiulcer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. Their leaves, roots, and seeds are used in various fields such as food, medicine, and cosmetics. OBJECTIVES Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) was used to evaluate the surface characteristics and separation ability of U. dioica leaves, roots, and seeds. Characterization of these biomasses was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. METHODOLOGY The surface properties of the biomasses including dispersive surface energy, adsorption enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and acidity-basicity constants were determined at infinite dilution using various organic solvents. These properties were compared with each other. Dispersive surface energies were calculated using the Dorris-Gray, Donnet-Park, and Schultz methods. The accuracy of these methods and their applicability were evaluated. In the last stage of this study, the separation of xylene isomers was investigated by using U. dioica biomasses as stationary phases. RESULTS The surface functional groups were determined by FTIR analysis. As a result of the IGC studies, it was found that the adsorption of polar solvents on biomasses occurred exothermically and spontaneously. Besides, it was found that the surfaces of biomasses were basic. From the retention diagrams and selectivity coefficients, it was determined that xylene isomers were effectively separated. CONCLUSION IGC is a promising, low-cost, easy-to-apply, and high-accuracy technique for the investigation of the surface properties of biomasses and their ability to separate isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birol Isik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Esenler, Turkey
| | - Fatih Cakar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Esenler, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Cankurtaran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Esenler, Turkey
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Comparative study of nitrogen doped multi walled carbon nanotubes grafted with carboxy methyl cellulose hybrid composite by inverse gas chromatography and its UV photo detectors application. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1670:462997. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Liu B, Cao J, Jiang Y, Yan S, He H, Shi Y, Xu S, Liang J, Ren X. Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over CuZnFeAl–LDH modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25623-25632. [PMID: 36199342 PMCID: PMC9460979 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03968k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have received extensive attention due to being highly toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic organic pollutants. As a result, a series of adsorbents have been designed and developed to solve the problem. In this paper, CuZnFeAl–S has been explored as a highly efficient adsorbent for PAHs. First, CuZnFeAl–LDH was prepared using a coprecipitation method and then calcined at 500 °C to obtain CuZnFeAlO. Finally, CuZnFeAl–S was prepared by modifying CuZnFeAlO with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbents were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, SEM, ICP, FT-IR, TG-DSC, and IGC; subsequently their adsorption performance was investigated. The results show that the surface properties of CuZnFeAl–S changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic after SDS modification, which enhanced the adsorption of PAHs obviously. The removal of naphthalene and phenanthrene on CuZnFeAl–S reached 97.3% and 90.3%, respectively. And the adsorption process of naphthalene and phenanthrene conforms to Langmuir adsorption and Freundlich adsorption, respectively. Besides, the adsorption thermodynamics indicate that the adsorption of PAHs was a spontaneous exothermic reaction. The highly efficient PAH adsorption performance of CuZnFeAl–S is the synergistic result of various molecule interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, and electrostatic attraction. CuZnFeAl–S improves the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which has a profound impact on environmental treatment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqing Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Shichang Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Haiming He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Yu Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Songsong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
| | - Jinhua Liang
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, China
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Basivi PK, Pasupuleti KS, Gelija D, Kim MD, Pasupuleti VR, Kim CW. UV-light-enhanced room temperature NO 2 gas-sensing performances based on sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanoflakes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04117k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has generated tremendous attention in room temperature (RT) gas-sensing applications because of its physicochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Basivi
- Pukyong National University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kedhareswara Sairam Pasupuleti
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems (IQS), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Devarajulu Gelija
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems (IQS), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Deock Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems (IQS), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- International Relations and Research Collaborations, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Chang Woo Kim
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, College of Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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A Comparative Study of the Effect of Graphene Oxide, Graphitic Carbon Nitride, and Their Composite on the Photocatalytic Activity of Cu3SnS4. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysis has shown high potential in dealing with the ever-broadening problem of wastewater treatment, escalated by the increasing level of recalcitrant chemicals often referred to as emerging contaminants. In this study, the effect of support material on the photocatalytic activity of copper tin sulfide (Cu3SnS4) nanoparticles for the degradation of tetracycline as an emerging contaminant is presented. Graphene oxide, protonated graphitic carbon nitride, and a composite of graphitic carbon nitride and graphene oxide were explored as support materials for Cu3SnS4 nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were incorporated with the different carbonaceous substrates to afford graphene-supported Cu3SnS4 (GO-CTS), protonated graphitic carbon nitride-supported Cu3SnS4 (PCN-CTS), and graphene oxide/protonated graphitic carbon nitride-supported Cu3SnS4 (GO/PCN-CTS). Physicochemical, structural, and optical properties of the prepared nanocomposites were characterized using techniques such as Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis near infrared, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The compositing of the Cu3SnS4 nanoparticles on the support materials was confirmed by the characterization techniques, and the optical properties of the composites were found to be influenced by the nature of the support material. The incorporation of CTS into the support materials resulted in a reduction in band gap energy with evaluated band gaps of 1.65, 1.46, 1.43 eV, and 1.16 eV. The reduction in band gap energy suggests the potential of the composites for enhanced photocatalytic activity. From the photocatalytic study, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline by CTS, PCN-CTS, GO-CTS, and PC/GO-CTS was 74.1, 85.2, 90.9, and 96.5%, respectively. All the composites showed enhanced activity compared to pristine CTS, and the existence of a synergy between GO and PCN when both were employed as support materials was observed. Based on the charge carrier recombination characteristics and the band edge potential calculations from the composites, a possible mechanism of action of each composite was proposed. This study therefore confirms the possibility of modulating the mechanism of action and subsequently the efficiency of semiconductor materials by altering the nature of the support material.
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Gong H, Zhang C, Ogaki T, Inuzuka H, Hashizume D, Miyajima D. Azacalix[3]triazines: A Substructure of Triazine‐Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Featuring Anion‐π Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gong
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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Gong H, Zhang C, Ogaki T, Inuzuka H, Hashizume D, Miyajima D. Azacalix[3]triazines: A Substructure of Triazine-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Featuring Anion-π Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16377-16381. [PMID: 33955147 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) has garnered broad research interest due to its unique catalytic properties. However, GCN, prepared by general methods, possesses myriad structural defects and it has been difficult to elucidate their intrinsic physical properties. We report the development of azacalix[3]triazines (AC3Ts), a substructure of triazine-based GCN (Tz-GCN). Despite the electron-deficient natures of triazine, AC3Ts capture protons as organic superbases. We reveal the unique anion-π interactions of AC3Ts that alters the ionization potentials of AC3Ts. To the best of our knowledge, these features have not yet been recognized for Tz-GCN. These unveiled features of AC3Ts are expected to expand the usage scope and possibilities for GCNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gong
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daigo Miyajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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Abbasi NM, Farooq MQ, Anderson JL. Modulating solvation interactions of deep eutectic solvents formed by ammonium salts and carboxylic acids through varying the molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor and acceptor. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462011. [PMID: 33799072 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained increasing popularity in separation science due to the fact that their physico-chemical properties can be easily fine-tuned by varying the type or ratio of hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and hydrogen bond donor (HBD). While it is well-known that the molar ratio of HBA/HBD affects the melting point of a eutectic mixture, much less is understood regarding its effect on the magnitude of individual solvation interactions. This is largely due to the fact that established solvatochromic dye methods lack sensitivity when the HBA/HBD ratio is varied slightly in a eutectic mixture. Herein, this study is the first to measure the variation of DES solvation interactions with small changes in the molar ratio of HBA/HBD using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Solute-solvent interactions of three different DES systems comprised of ammonium salts and organic acids were examined. The probe molecules were studied for 18 eutectic mixtures of varied HBA and HBD composition. DES hydrogen bond basicity, hydrogen bond acidity, and dispersive-type interactions exhibited the greatest change when the molar ratio of HBA/HBD was varied in the eutectic mixture. Results from this study demonstrate that the HBA/HBD ratio can be used to modulate the solvation characteristics for this class of DESs in separations and that the stoichiometric ratio of the HBA/HBD is important in ensuring their reproducible preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Mujtaba Abbasi
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Muhammad Qamar Farooq
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
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13
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Surface Characterization of Carbonaceous Materials Using Inverse Gas Chromatography: A Review. ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem1040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is essential to understand the adsorption of guest molecules on carbon-based materials for both theoretical and practical reasons. It is crucial to analyze the surface properties of carbon-based materials with a wide range of applications (e.g., catalyst supports, hydrogen storage, sensors, adsorbents, separation media, etc.). Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) as a powerful and sensitive technique can be used to characterize the surface physicochemical properties (i.e., Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, surface energy heterogeneity, heat of adsorption, specific interaction of adsorption, work of cohesion, glass transition temperatures, solubility, and so forth) of various types of materials such as powders, films, and fibers. In this review, the principles, common methods, and application of IGC are discussed. In addition, the examples of various experiments developed for the IGC to characterize the carbonaceous materials (such as carbon nanotubes, graphite, and activated carbon) are discussed.
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Hamieh T. Study of the temperature effect on the surface area of model organic molecules, the dispersive surface energy and the surface properties of solids by inverse gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Liu H, Xu B, Wei K, Yu Y, Long C. Adsorption of low-concentration VOCs on various adsorbents: Correlating partition coefficient with surface energy of adsorbent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:139376. [PMID: 32446088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accurately evaluating the adsorption properties of various adsorbents by some parameter is of great significance to select an appropriate adsorbent and remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) efficiently. In this study, we successfully found a new parameter as a common standard in selecting adsorbents. Six classical adsorbents containing three carbon materials and three porous polymeric resins were used, and their surface energy (γst) and corresponding gas-solid partition coefficients (K) of eleven VOCs were measured by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at three different column temperatures of 343 K(or 353 K), 373 K and 403 K. Then, these values at 303 K were calculated according to the linear relationship between lnK and 1/T. It was found that surface energy was significantly correlated with K values for a specific VOC, and could be used as a common standard to well evaluate the adsorption properties of various adsorbents. Furthermore, we employed it to develop a model for predicting the adsorption properties of low-concentration VOCs on various adsorbents at 303 K. The developed model exhibited an excellent predictive ability by external validation. Moreover, the model showed wide applicability and predicted the lnK values of VOCs at 373 K and 403 K in R2 of 0.910 and 0.889.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Keyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yansong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu H, Wei K, Yu Y, Long C. Predicting adsorption coefficients of VOCs using polyparameter linear free energy relationship based on the evaluation of dispersive and specific interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113224. [PMID: 31541807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Predicting adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on activated carbons is of major importance to understand activated carbons' adsorption properties and explore their potential applications. In this study, adsorption of 38 VOCs on a commercial granular activated carbon (GAC) was examined using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at infinite dilution, and the adsorption coefficients (K), dispersive and specific components of adsorption free energy were calculated. We found that the dispersive interaction was well described by adsorbate's molar polarizability (P), and the specific interactions well by dipolarity/polarizability (S), hydrogen-bond acidity (A) and hydrogen-bond basicity (B). Based on the result, a polyparameter linear free energy relationship (PP-LFER) was established: logK = (0.96 ± 0.23) S + (2.23 ± 0.34) A + (0.84 ± 0.25) B + (0.69 ± 0.050) P + (0.13 ± 0.35); (n = 38, R2 = 0.859, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.25), which exhibited a more accurate prediction compared to the classical PP-LFER (E, S, A, B and L as descriptors, R2 = 0.765, RMSE = 0.33). Moreover, it overcame the drawbacks of indistinguishable dispersive interaction and unavailable relative contribution of each interaction for classical PP-LFER in explaining adsorption mechanism. As suggested by the developed model, the dispersive interaction was the dominant contribution to the adsorption of VOCs on GAC (42-100%), following by dipole-type interactions (0-30%) and hydrogen bonding (hydrogen-bond acidity 0-32%, hydrogen-bond basicity 0-11%). Additionally, it also accurately predicted the K values of VOCs on other three activated carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Keyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yansong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Quantitative determination of melamine in milk by surface-enhanced Raman scattering technique based on high surface roughness silver nanosheets assembled by nanowires. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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