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Lhotská I, Háková M, Erben J, Chvojka J, Švec F, Šatínský D. Stirred discs from polycaprolactone nanofibers highly doped with graphene for straightforward preconcentration of pollutants in environmental waters. Talanta 2024; 266:124975. [PMID: 37487271 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel sorbent for solid phase extraction (SPE) based on hybrid nanofibrous polycaprolactone containing graphene nanoparticles has been prepared. The preparation of hybrid polymer nanofibers with a very high 1:1 polymer/graphene ratio was achieved for the first time using alternating current electrospinning. The final appearance of these nanofibers was a thick porous layer that was cut into the shape of easy-to-handle extraction discs. Based on the preliminary study in which the graphene content varied, 30% graphene-doped nanofibers (w/w) exhibited the highest recoveries and enabled a significant increase in the retention of analytes, 2-25 times in comparison to PCL. The incorporation of graphene resulted in a higher surface area of 12 g/m2 compared to 2 g/m2 determined for the native polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers. This unique material was applied for a simple stirred disc sorptive extraction and preconcentration of trace levels of emerging organic environmental contaminants, bisphenols A, AF, AP, C, S, Z, 3-chlorophenol, and pesticides fenoxycarb, deltamethrin, and kadethrin from surface waters prior to HPLC-DAD determination. This was accomplished by stirring the unsupported nanofiber disc in a large-volume sample with RSD of five extractions of 3-15%. Recoveries yielded 87-120%, except 52% for bisphenol S due to its high polarity. Optimization of the extraction procedure included conditioning, sample volume, extraction time, and elution solvent. Our novel desorption procedure carried out in a vial used for the direct injection into the HPLC system significantly reduced sample handling and minimized potential human error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Lhotská
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Háková
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Erben
- Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Chvojka
- Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - František Švec
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Šatínský
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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2
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Kori AH, Jagirani MS, Soylak M. Graphene-Based Nanomaterials: A Sustainable Material for Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) for Environmental Applications. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2173221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hameed Kori
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqaf Jagirani
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Scur R, Dagnoni Huelsmann R, Carasek E. Polyamide-coated paper-based sorptive phase applied in high-throughput thin film microextraction designed by 3D printing. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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4
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Torabi E, Moghadasi M, Mirzaei M, Amiri A. Nanofiber-based sorbents: Current status and applications in extraction methods. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463739. [PMID: 36586288 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advanced sorbents gradually become a research hotspot on account of the increasing attention paid to environmental problems. Due to the prominent physicochemical features of nanofibers (NFs), such as high porosity, large surface area, favorable interconnectivity, high adsorption capacity, wettability, and the possibility of surface modification using functional groups, these nanostructures are regarded as excellent candidates for extraction applications. Therefore, the research in the field of NFs and their nanocomposites has been increasing in recent years. In the present review, we summarize the most recent studies on NFs-based sorbents focusing on strategies for preparation, characterization, and their unique capabilities as porous sorbents in various sorbent-based extraction methods. Moreover, we further described the performance and selectivity of sorbents to achieve improved extraction efficiency. Finally, some perspectives on the challenges and outlook are provided to aid future investigations related to this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Torabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Milad Moghadasi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran.; Khorasan Science and Technology Park (KSTP), 12th km of Mashhad-Quchan Road, Mashhad, 9185173911, Khorasan Razavi, Iran.
| | - Amirhassan Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran..
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5
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Li W, Gu Y, Liu Z, Hua R, Wu X, Xue J. Development of a polyurethane-coated thin film solid phase microextraction device for multi-residue monitoring of pesticides in fruit and tea beverages. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200661. [PMID: 36373185 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel solid-phase microextraction device coated with an efficient and cheap thin film of polyurethane was developed for trace determination of 13 widely used pesticides in fruit and tea beverages. A round-shaped polyurethane film covering the bottom of a glass vial was fabricated as the sorbent to exhibit a superior capacity for preconcentrating target compounds and reducing matrix interferences. After optimization of the key parameters including the film type, extraction time, solution pH, ionic strength, desorption solvent, and conditions, this device allowed an efficient adsorption-desorption cycle for the pesticides accomplished in one vial. Coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection, the polyurethane-coated thin film microextraction method was successfully established and applied for the analysis of real fruit and tea drinks, showing low limits of detection (0.001-0.015 μg/L), wide linear ranges (1.0-500.0 μg/L, r2 > 0.9931), good relative recoveries (77.2%-106.3%) and negligible matrix effects (86.1%-107.5%) for the target pesticides. The proposed approach revealed strong potential of extending its application by flexibly modifying the type or size of the coating film. This study provides insights into the enrichment of contaminants from complex samples using inexpensive and reusable microextraction devices that can limit the environmental and health impact of the sample preparation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
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Liu Q, Wei L, Chen X, Xu Y, Gao X, Zhao J. Three-dimensional (3D) thermal controlled polymer for simplified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in phthalic acid easters detection of straw. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Jiang XX, Sun YN, Zhang C, Yang Z, Yu LQ, Lv YK. Synthesis of SiO2@MOF-199 as a Fiber Coating for Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Phthalates in Plastic Bottled Milk. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Metal-organic framework modified carbon cloth for electric field enhanced thin film microextraction of sulfonamides in animal-derived food. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1674:463120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposite Membranes: Status and Emerging Prospects. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a unique nanocarbon nanomaterial, frequently explored with polymeric matrices for technical purposes. An indispensable application of polymer/graphene nanocomposites has been observed for membrane technology. This review highlights the design, properties, and promising features of the polymer/graphene nanomaterials and nanocomposite membranes for the pervasion and purification of toxins, pollutants, microbials, and other desired contents. The morphology, pore size, pore structure, water flux, permeation, salt rejection, and other membrane properties are examined. Graphene oxide, an important modified form of graphene, is also utilized in nanocomposite membranes. Moreover, polymer/graphene nanofibers are employed to develop high-performance membranes for methodological purposes. The adaptability of polymer/graphene nanocomposites is observed for water management and purification technologies.
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Chen A, Guo H, Luan J, Li Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. The electrospun polyacrylonitrile/covalent organic framework nanofibers for efficient enrichment of trace sulfonamides residues in food samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1668:462917. [PMID: 35247720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the electrospun polyacrylonitrile/covalent organic frameworks Tp-BD nanofibers (PAN/Tp-BD) were synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for thin film microextraction (TFME) of seven sulfonamides in animal derived food samples. The morphology, structure, porosity, and stability of the prepared nanofibers were investigated. The PAN/Tp-BD nanofibers exhibited good chemical stability, high flexibility, porous fibrous structure, and excellent extraction efficiency. Based on the PAN/Tp-BD nanofibers as the adsorbent, a thin film microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography (TFME-HPLC) method for the determination of seven sulfonamides (SAs) in food samples was developed. Under the optimal conditions, the TFME-HPLC exhibited the low limit of detection (0.10-0.18 ng·mL-1), the low limit of quantitation (0.33-0.60 ng·mL-1), the wide linear range (0.5-50 ng·mL-1) with correlation coefficients between 0.994 and 0.998, and good enrichment factors between 39.7 to 170.1 towards 20 ng/mL SAs solution. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than 11% in the interday and intraday analysis. Furthermore, the applicability of PAN/Tp-BD nanofibers was demonstrated for measuring trace SAs residues in the spiked food samples with recoveries ranging from 85.3% to 115.2%. The results demonstrated that the PAN/Tp-BD nanofibers have great potential for the efficient extraction of sulfonamides from complex food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Chen
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongying Guo
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jingyi Luan
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yijun Li
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiwen He
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Langxing Chen
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yukui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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Yue SW, Zhou YL, Peng XT, Zhao Q. Application of a novel nylon needle filter-based solid-phase extraction device to determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1262-1272. [PMID: 35029014 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a simple and miniaturized solid-phase extraction device was constructed by connecting a commercial nylon needle filter to a syringe, which was applied for extracting 1-hydroxypyrene from urine sample via hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions. The nylon membrane in the needle filter acted as the solid-phase extraction adsorbent, meanwhile, it filtered the particles in the urine sample. To obtain high extraction efficiency, key parameters influencing extraction recovery were investigated. The entire pretreatment process was accomplished within 5 min under the optimal conditions. By coupling HPLC-UV, a rapid, low-cost, and convenient nylon needle filter-based method was established for the analysis of 1-hydroxypyrene in complex urine matrix. Within the linearity range of 0.2-1000 μg/L, the method exhibited a satisfactory correlation coefficient (R = 0.9999). The limit of detection was 0.06 μg/L, and the recoveries from urine sample spiked with three concentrations (5, 20, and 100 μg/L) ranged from 105.8% to 113.1% with the relative standard deviations less than 6.7% (intra-day, n = 6) and 8.9% (inter-day, n = 4). Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for detecting 1-hydroxypyrene in urine samples from college students, smokers, gas station workers, and chip factory workers. The detected concentration in actual urine samples ranged from 0.46 to 5.26 μg/L. Taken together, this simple and cost-effective nylon needle filter-based solid-phase extraction device showed an excellent application potential for pretreating hydrophobic analytes from aqueous samples. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wen Yue
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xi-Tian Peng
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Kazemi M, Niazi A, Yazdanipour A. Solid-Phase Microextraction of Phthalate Esters from Aqueous Media by Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons) and Determination by GC–FID. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Jafari Z, Hadjmohammadi MR. Polyvinylidene difluoride film with embedded poly(amidoamine) modified graphene oxide for extraction of chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:37. [PMID: 33427963 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04694-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An effective, sensitive, relatively fast, and cost-effective method was developed to determine two types of selected organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) including diazinon and chlorpyrifos in apple, peach, and four different water samples (river, sea, well, and agriculture wastewater samples) through applying poly(amidoamine)@graphene oxide-reinforced polyvinylidene difluoride thin-film microextraction (PAMAM@GO-PVDF-TFME). The extracted analytes were desorbed via organic solvent and determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The strong interactions between the sorbent and selected analytes (coordination bonds, intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and hydrophobic effects) made this TFME capable of high extraction performance and capacity. Several factors involved in the PAMAM@GO-PVDF-TFME experiments such as desorption volume, desorption time, sample pH, extraction time, and stirring rate were screened via Plackett-Burman design and then optimized through Box-Behnken design with the purpose of reaching the highest extraction efficiency. The above method showed a good linear range (0.5-500 μg L-1 and 1-500 μg L-1) with the coefficient of determination better 0.9944, low limits of determination (0.12 and 0.20 μg L-1), good enrichment factors (99 and 98), acceptable extraction recoveries (99 and 98%), and good spiking recoveries (90-98%) under the optimized condition at three different spike levels for chlorpyrifos and diazinon, respectively. The results confirmed that the presented method would be promising for the determination of various types of these pesticides in environmental and beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Niroo Havayii Boulevard, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hadjmohammadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Niroo Havayii Boulevard, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran.
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15
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Application trends of nanofibers in analytical chemistry. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115992
expr 834212330 + 887677890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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16
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17
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Nanosorbent-based solid phase microextraction techniques for the monitoring of emerging organic contaminants in water and wastewater samples. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:541. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04527-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Nasrollahi Khoshkbar Z, Talebpour Z, Najafi Ghamat S, Farzaneh F. Fabrication, characterization, and application of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/acrylate monolithic polymer as a composite phase for stir bar sorptive extraction. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Mohammadi SZ, Safari Z, Madady N. Synthesis of Co3O4@SiO2 Core/Shell–Nylon 6 Magnetic Nanocomposite as an Adsorbent for Removal of Congo Red from Wastewater. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Mehrani Z, Karimpour Z, Ebrahimzadeh H. Using PVA/CA/Au NPs electrospun nanofibers as a green nanosorbent to preconcentrate and determine Pb2+and Cu2+in rice samples, water sources and cosmetics. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/citric acid (CA)/Au NPs electrospun nanofibers was synthesized and applied as a green and efficient sorbent to extract and preconcentrate Pb2+and Cu2+from water sources, rice samples and cosmetics before FAAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mehrani
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Zahra Karimpour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
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Sukree W, Sooksawat D, Kanatharana P, Thavarungkul P, Thammakhet-Buranachai C. A miniature stainless steel net dumbbell-shaped stir-bar for the extraction of phthalate esters in instant noodle and rice soup samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 55:60-68. [PMID: 31971076 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1659053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the development of a very-simple-to-construct stir-bar extraction device so called "a dumbbell-shaped stainless steel stir-bar." The extraction device was assembled from a rolled up stainless steel net filled with an XAD-2 sorbent and a metal rod to allow the use of a magnetic stirrer during extraction. The dumbbell-shaped stainless steel stir-bar was used to extract diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) before analysis by a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GD-ECD). Under the optimal conditions, the developed method provided a good linearity from 10.0 to 1,000.0 ng mL-1 for all three compounds. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were 9.37 ± 0.29 ng mL-1 and 31.22 ± 0.95 ng mL-1 for DEP, 5.73 ± 0.31 ng mL-1 and 19.1 ± 1.0 ng mL-1 for DBP and 3.30 ± 0.06 ng mL-1 and 11.0 ± 0.19 ng mL-1 for DEHP, respectively. Good recoveries in the range of 81.89 ± 0.17 to 109.5 ± 2.0% were achieved when the method was used to extract phthalate esters in five instant noodle and two rice soup samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warakorn Sukree
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Dhassida Sooksawat
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Proespichaya Kanatharana
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Panote Thavarungkul
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chongdee Thammakhet-Buranachai
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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