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Liu H, Liu M, Zheng B, Han J, Fan F. A preliminary study of the temperature-responsive selective extraction performance of hydrogel derived from sulfobetaine methacrylate. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1319:342958. [PMID: 39122273 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited extraction selectivity caused by the single extraction selection mechanism of solid phase extraction (SPE) technology is one of the bottlenecks restricting its development. The development of environmentally sensitive materials provides a new opportunity to solve this problem. Based on this, we developed the sulfobetaine methacrylate hydrogel with abundant pore structure, a large number of adsorption sites and especially temperature responsiveness, and used as adsorbent for the extraction of pesticide residues in lychees. RESULTS The new hydrogel adsorbent was prepared by free radical copolymerization with sulfobetaine methacrylate as monomer, and used for the extraction of benzoylurea insecticides from lychees. Interestingly, the hydrogel showed an almost opposite temperature-selective extraction trend for different benzoylurea insecticides with similar structure and polarity, and opposite hydrophilicity, which may be caused by the temperature-sensitive and the special action site of the hydrogel, and the change of the diffusion of aqueous solution. In addition, the analysis method of three hydrophilic benzoylurea insecticides by sulfobetaine methacrylate hydrogel-SPE-HPLC was established. Under optimal conditions, the low limits of detection (0.030 μg L-1) and quantification (0.10 μg L-1), and the wide linear ranges (0.10-50.0 μg L-1) were achieved. Its application in lychee samples were also tested, and the satisfactory results were obtained, with the spiked recoveries from 80.79 % to 108.31 %. SIGNIFICANCE This was a great breakthrough in the selective extraction of similar targets. These properties, combined with low-cost, biodegradable raw materials and convenient, green synthesis method make the sulfobetaine methacrylate hydrogel a very promising solid phase adsorbent. Temperature-responsive selective mode can greatly enrich the selective extraction mechanism and promote its development and application in complex actual samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Mengyun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Boyue Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jingrui Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Fangbin Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
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2
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Zhang P, Hu Y, Liu K, Sun Y, He L, Zhao W. Hydrophilic interaction chromatographic evaluation of zwitterionic polymer grafted silica gel via multiple binding sites. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400065. [PMID: 39054584 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel zwitterionic polymer grafted silica stationary phase, Sil-PZIC, was prepared by bonding poly(ethylene maleic anhydride) molecules on the surface of silica via multiple binding sites, followed by ammonolysis of maleic anhydride through a nucleophilic substitution reaction with ethylenediamine. The stationary phase was characterized by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, zeta potential, and elemental analysis and the results show the successful encapsulation of zwitterionic polymer on the surface of silica. The chromatographic performance of Sil-PZIC was investigated by using nucleosides and nucleic bases as test analytes The variation of retention and separation performance of these model compounds were investigated by varying the chromatographic conditions such as the components of mobile phase, salt concentration, and pH. The results show that the retention of the Sil-PZIC phase was dominated by a hydrophilic partitioning mechanism accompanied by secondary interactions such as electrostatic and hydrogen bonding. In addition, saccharides and Amadori compounds were also well separated on the Sil-PZIC, indicating that the Sil-PZIC column has potential application for separation of the polar compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxing Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kunling Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Yang M, Mei H, Jiang Y, Zhang F, Yu Z, Yang B. Simultaneous chromatographic separation of the anomers of saccharides on a polymer sulfobetaine zwitterionic stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300905. [PMID: 38143272 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous chromatographic separation of the anomers of saccharides was achieved by using a polymer zwitterionic stationary phase functionalized by acrylamide-type sulfobetaine. By optimization of separation parameters including column temperature, pH, and flow rate, the column operated in hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode exhibited excellent separation selectivity toward five monosaccharides and their anomers (including ribose, xylose, galactose, glucose, and arabinose) and two disaccharides (lactose and maltose). Baseline separation could be achieved at mild operation conditions such as 20-30°C of column temperature or typical mobile phase composition (85% acetrontrile-15% 20 mM ammonium formate [NH4 FA]) with wide pH tolerance range of 2-8. This offers a rapid way to determine the configuration of α or β anomer of the saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haokun Mei
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Feifang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ziteng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bingcheng Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Yu Z, Li Z, Zhang F, Yang B. A lysine and amide functionalized polymer-based polar stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464328. [PMID: 37666063 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel polymer-based polar stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is described. It was obtained by grafting lysine and acrylamide onto poly (glycidyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene) (GMA-DVB) microspheres via ring-opening reaction of epoxy groups and free radical polymerization with pendant double bonds of the microspheres. Multiple types of polar groups including zwitterionic (carboxylate and amine), amide and diol onto the microspheres make them highly hydrophilic. It showed typical HILIC character and good separation performance towards model polar analytes. Negligible bleed level under gradient elution mode (up to 50% fraction of water) was observed. It also exhibited specific separation selectivity to ionic analytes and simultaneous separation of anions and cations could be achieved in ideal electrostatic selectivity elution order, e.g. I-< NO3-
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziteng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zongying Li
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Feifang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bingcheng Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Zheng Y, Yan J, Cao C, Liu Y, Yu D, Liang X. Application of chromatography in purification and structural analysis of natural polysaccharides: A review. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300368. [PMID: 37480171 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are widely distributed in natural sources from monocytic microorganisms to higher animals, and are found in a variety of biological activities in recent decades. Natural polysaccharides have the characteristics of large molecular weight, diverse composition, and complex structure, so their purification and structural analysis are difficult issues in research. Chromatography as a powerful separation technique, plays an irreplaceable role in the separation and structural analysis of natural polysaccharides, especially in the purification of polysaccharides, the separation of hydrolysates, and the analysis of monosaccharide composition. The separation mechanisms and application of different chromatographic methods in the studies of polysaccharides were summarized in this review. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of various chromatography methods were discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Cuiyan Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongping Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
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6
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Factors affecting mixed-mode retention properties of cation-exchange stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1695:463934. [PMID: 36972662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Cation-exchange stationary phases were characterized in different chromatographic modes (HILIC, RPLC, IC) and applied to the separation of non-charged hydrophobic and hydrophilic analytes. The set of columns under investigation included both commercially available cation-exchangers and self-prepared PS/DVB-based columns, the latter consisting of adjustable amounts of carboxylic and sulfonic acid functional groups. The influence of cation-exchange site and polymer substrate on the multimodal properties of cation-exchangers was identified using selectivity parameters, polymer imaging and excess adsorption isotherms. Introducing weakly acidic cation-exchange functional groups to the unmodified PS/DVB-substrate effectively reduced hydrophobic interactions, whilst a low degree of sulfonation (0.09 to 0.27% w/w sulphur) mainly influenced electrostatic interactions. Silica substrate was found to be another important factor for inducing hydrophilic interactions. The presented results demonstrate that cation-exchange resins are suitable for mixed-mode applications and offer versatile selectivity.
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Hou H, Huang B, Yu X, Lan J, Chen F. Sulfonate betaine modified
PVDF
/
SiO
2
composite electrolyte for solid state lithium ion battery. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Hou
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Baoxiang Huang
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Jian Lan
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Fangshu Chen
- Law School Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
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Wang Q, Sun L, Wu H, Deng N, Zhao X, Zhou J, Zhang T, Han H, Jiang Z. Rapid fabrication of zwitterionic sulfobetaine vinylimidazole-based monoliths via photoinitiated copolymerization for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:783-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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9
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Geng H, Wang Z, Zhang F, Li Z, Yang B. A hyperbranched polyglycerol-functionalized polymer polar stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1670:462946. [PMID: 35325650 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A polymer polar stationary phase functionalized with hyperbranched polyglycerol for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is described. It is prepared via surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization of hyperbranched polyglycerol onto hydrolzed poly(glycidyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene) microspheres. The capacity of the functional groups can be maniputed by repeating hyperbranch layers. The phase showed typical HILIC character with good separation performance towards tested polar analytes. It also exhibited wider pH tolerance range (e.g. at least 2 to 12) and as well negligible bleed level under gradient elution mode (even to 50% fraction of water).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Geng
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Pharmacy School, East-China Univ. Sci. Tech., Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Pharmacy School, East-China Univ. Sci. Tech., Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Feifang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Pharmacy School, East-China Univ. Sci. Tech., Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zongying Li
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Pharmacy School, East-China Univ. Sci. Tech., Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bingcheng Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Pharmacy School, East-China Univ. Sci. Tech., Shanghai 200237, China.
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10
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Preparation and evaluation of a bacitracin-bonded silica stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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