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Wang Y, Shen L, Yan Y, Gong B, Chen K, Zhu G, Li Z. Ultrasound assisted upper critical solution temperature type switchable deep eutectic solvent based liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of triazole in water. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1328:343172. [PMID: 39266195 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of pesticides to protect crops has long been an important measure to provide healthy and safe agricultural products, but excess pesticides flow into fields and rivers, causing environmental pollution. Earlier methods utilizing organic solvent liquid-liquid microextraction for pesticide residue detection were not environmentally friendly. Therefore, it is significant to find a greener and more convenient detection method to determine pesticide residues. RESULTS A new method was established to detect three triazole fungicides (TFs), including myclobutanil, epoxiconazole and tebuconazole, in environmental water samples. And the determination was conducted using a high-performance liquid chromatography with the ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). The switchable deep eutectic solvent (SDES) can be reversibly switched between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states through temperature modulation. Additionally, the method exhibited excellent linearity for all target analytes within the concentration range of 10-2000 μg L-1, with satisfactory R2 values (≥0.9975). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 2.3 to 2.6 μg L-1, and the limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 7.8 to 8.7 μg L-1. The accuracy of the method was assessed through intra-day and inter-day precision tests, yielding relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the ranges of 2.8%-6.7% and 2.2%-7.5%, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) results indicated that hydrogen bonding is a significant factor affecting the binding of DES with triazoles. Three different green assessment tools were used to prove that the SDES-HLLME method had good greenness and broad applicability. SIGNIFICANCE This is a homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction (HLLME) method based on the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type switchable deep eutectic solvent program, which can complete the extraction within a few minutes without dispersant. In terms of pesticide detection, the analytical method is simple and more conducive to environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Lingqi Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Bincheng Gong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Kexian Chen
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Zuguang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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Batista LFA, Gonçalves SRS, Bressan CD, Grassi MT, Abate G. Evaluation of organo-vermiculites as sorbent phases for solid-phase extraction of ibuprofen from water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1880-1886. [PMID: 38469698 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02291a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The study of ibuprofen (IBU) preconcentration was carried out making use of a homemade column for solid-phase extraction (SPE), using vermiculite (VT) or organo-vermiculites (OVTs) as sorbent phases. Aqueous samples (50.0 mL) percolated the column and IBU was sorbed onto the VT or OVT and then desorbed using acetonitrile. Employing this SPE system and OVT, calibration curves were generated for IBU, by spectrophotometric quantification using the α-naphthylamine method. R2 values higher than 0.9950 and LOD between 12 and 18 μg L-1 were observed, for real enrichment factors of 21 and 31, by using OVTs. The analytical protocol was applied to three water samples, which were spiked with IBU solutions to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the method. Recoveries between 77 and 110% at three different IBU concentrations and RSD lower than 18% were observed, even by using the spectrophotometric method. The protocol developed in this study demonstrated that the OVT was appropriate to work as a preconcentration phase for IBU determination in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, C. P. 19032, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, CEP 81531-980.
| | - Sara Renata S Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, C. P. 19032, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, CEP 81531-980.
| | - Carolina D Bressan
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, C. P. 19032, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, CEP 81531-980.
| | - Marco T Grassi
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, C. P. 19032, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, CEP 81531-980.
| | - Gilberto Abate
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, C. P. 19032, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, CEP 81531-980.
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Chen F, Su X, Gao J, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Luo D. A modified strategy to improve the dissolution of flavonoids from Artemisiae Argyi Folium using ultrasonic-assisted enzyme-deep eutectic solvent system. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1707:464282. [PMID: 37597480 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, enzyme-deep eutectic solvent-assisted ultrasonic extraction technique (EnDUE) was developed for the efficient dissolution of flavonoids from Artemisiae Argyi Folium. The extraction results of Artemisiae Argyi Folium flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, and isorhamnetin) were used as indicators to investigate the influencing factors through single factor experiment, Placket-burman design, and Box-behnken design, so as to obtain satisfactory yields. After systematic optimization, the optimal conditions for extraction of the target flavonoids were: Choline chloride/1,4-butanediol with a water content of 25%, cellulase+pectinase with a concentration of 1.6%, solid-liquid ratio of 1/32 g/mL, pH of 4.2, ultrasonic frequency of 80 kHz, ultrasonic power of 160 W, ultrasonic temperature of 40 °C, and ultrasonic time of 25 min, respectively, which derived a total yield of 8.06 ± 0.29 mg/g. Compared with the reference techniques, the proposed EnDUE technique showed significant advantages in the yield and extraction efficiency of flavonoids. In addition, after preliminary purification, the Artemisiae Argyi Folium flavonoids showed good antioxidant activity. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) can degrade the cell wall components and increase the action site of enzyme, and enzyme can promote the penetration of DES into the cell wall matrix, which is mutually beneficial to the dissolution of intracellular components. Therefore, the extraction technique proposed in this work (EnDUE) greatly promotes the dissolution of flavonoids from Artemisiae Argyi Folium, and provides theoretical support for the further application of plant flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Chen
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xuechao Su
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiangshan Gao
- School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yaxiu Liu
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Duqiang Luo
- School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Zhang Y, Ren T, Fu R, Lu Q, Guo X, Di X. An effervescence-assisted switchable deep eutectic solvent based liquid-phase microextraction of triazole fungicides in drinking water and beverage. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464149. [PMID: 37343404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A new effervescence-assisted switchable deep eutectic solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (EA-SDES-LPME) combined with HPLC-UV was developed for determination of common triazole fungicides in drinking water and beverages, including myclobutanil, flusilazole, hexaconazole and bitertanol. The alternative extraction solvent was prepared with hexafluoroisopropanol and dipropylamine with the merits of time-saving, easy to collect and cost-effectiveness. The SDES can be reversibly switched between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states by pH adjustment. The homogeneous extraction was achieved under the hydrophilic form of SDES, and the bi-phase separation was obtained easily by adjusting pH value to restore the original hydrophobicity. Moreover, the characterization of SDES was investigated by FTIR and 1H NMR. The main variables affecting extraction efficiency were optimized in detail. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method shows desirable precision (RSDs less than 18.5%) and acceptable recovery (72.6-95.4%). The lower limits of detection and limits of quantitation were found to be in the range of 1-2 μg L-1 and 5-10 μg L-1, respectively. The formation mechanism of SDES and the extraction mechanism for target analytes were investigated by density functional theory. The proposed methodology was simplicity, sensitive, time-saving and successfully applied to determine triazole fungicides in drinking water and beverages, making it an alternative technique for the analysis of trace analytes with satisfactory sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingze Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ruiyu Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qingxin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xin Di
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Andruch V, Kalyniukova A, Płotka-Wasylka J, Jatkowska N, Snigur D, Zaruba S, Płatkiewicz J, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Werner J. Application of deep eutectic solvents in sample preparation for analysis (update 2017–2022). Part A: Liquid phase microextraction. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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A switchable deep eutectic solvent for the homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction of flavonoids from "Scutellariae Radix". J Chromatogr A 2023; 1688:463712. [PMID: 36528896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction (HLLME) was established based on a switchable deep eutectic solvent (DES) for the preconcentration and determination of six flavonoids with different polarity in "Scutellariae Radix" combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A switchable DES composed of N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) and heptanoic acid was used as an extraction solvent in the HLLME method, which was miscible thoroughly with the aqueous sample phase initially, and then underwent rapid phase transition induced by the addition of an inorganic acid. After the extraction, the upper hydrophobic layer was recovered for HPLC analysis. Different experimental parameters were optimized, and the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: the switchable DES extraction phase, 90 µL of DMEA-heptanoic acid (1:1 mole ratio); phase-switching trigger, 100 µL of 5 mol/L HCl; 10% (w/v) of salt concentration in sample phase; extraction time, 0.3 min. Furthermore, the structures of the switchable DES and the upper hydrophobic layer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry to illustrate the phase-switching mechanism of the extraction phase during the extraction process. Under the optimized conditions, the enrichment factors for six target analytes were between 0.4 and 104. The calibration curves were linear (r≥0.9866) in the range of 0.033-8.65 mg/L for scutellarin, 0.022-5.77 mg/L for baicalin, 0.0033-0.865 mg/L for scutellarein and wogonoside, and 0.0022-0.577 mg/L for baicalein and wogonin, respectively. Low detection limits (≤8.0 × 10-3 mg/L) and quantification limits (≤2.4 × 10-2 mg/L) as well as good precisions (relative standard deviations lower than 9.2%) and acceptable accuracies (spiked recoveries 89.3-114.4%) were also obtained. The proposed method is a simple, fast, and eco-friendly sample pretreatment method.
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Liu Y, Wang H, Fu R, Zhang L, Liu M, Cao W, Wu R, Wang S. Preparation and characterization of cinnamon essential oil extracted by deep eutectic solvent and its microencapsulation. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhu SC, Shi MZ, Yu YL, Liu XG, Cao J. Simultaneous capture of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds from complex plants by biosurfactant-assisted mechanical amorphous dispersion extraction. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1678:463356. [PMID: 35905684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A biosurfactant-assisted mechanical amorphous dispersion extraction (BA-MADE) procedure was established for the simultaneous capture of hydrophilic phenolic acids and hydrophobic tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Single-factor experiments and the response surface methodology were used to optimize and analyze the crucial parameters for the method, such as the type and amount of amorphous-dispersion extractants, grinding time, extraction time and solid-to-liquid ratio. The optimized parameter values for the BA-MADE process were 407.02 mg of sodium chenodeoxycholate, a grinding time of 4.87 min, an extraction time of 4.92 min, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.5:10 g/mL. The calibration curves of danshensu, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, dihydrotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone II A exhibited good linearity in the range of 1-500 μg/mL (R2 ≥ 0.9990). The limits of detection of nine analytes ranged from 5.46 to 130 ng/mL, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday precision were less than 1.95 and 3.56%, respectively, and the recoveries of the real sample were in the range of 85-113%, with RSD% below 3.21%. The BA-MADE method was compared with previously reported methods, such as heating reflux extraction, ultrasonic extraction and microwave-assisted micellar extraction, and the results demonstrated that the developed method has significant advantages in the simultaneous extraction of hydrophilic and hydrophobic active components from Salvia miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chen Zhu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Min-Zhen Shi
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xun-Gao Liu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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Fattahi N, Hashemi B, Shiri F, Shamsipur M, Babajani N. Extraction of parabens from personal care products using a pH-responsive hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent: experimental design and COSMO-RS evaluations. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02519a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A pH-responsive hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent is used for the extraction of parabens from different personal care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Beshare Hashemi
- School of Arts and Sciences, American International University, Jahra, Kuwait
| | - Fereshteh Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shamsipur
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasrin Babajani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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