1
|
Riboni N, Ribezzi E, Bianchi F, Careri M. Supramolecular Materials as Solid-Phase Microextraction Coatings in Environmental Analysis. Molecules 2024; 29:2802. [PMID: 38930867 PMCID: PMC11206577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been widely proposed for the extraction, clean-up, and preconcentration of analytes of environmental concern. Enrichment capabilities, preconcentration efficiency, sample throughput, and selectivity in extracting target compounds greatly depend on the materials used as SPME coatings. Supramolecular materials have emerged as promising porous coatings to be used for the extraction of target compounds due to their unique selectivity, three-dimensional framework, flexible design, and possibility to promote the interaction between the analytes and the coating by means of multiple oriented functional groups. The present review will cover the state of the art of the last 5 years related to SPME coatings based on metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and supramolecular macrocycles used for environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Riboni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (E.R.); (M.C.)
| | | | - Federica Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (E.R.); (M.C.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang XQ, Yu LQ, Li LF, Lv YK. Enhancing the water-resistance of MOF-199 film through incorporation of microporous organic networks for solid-phase microextraction of BTEX in aqueous environments with improved efficiency. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1294:342293. [PMID: 38336414 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The practical application of moisture sensitive metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in extraction technology faces challenges related to competitive adsorption and water stability. The target analytes cannot be effectively extracted under humid conditions due to the competitive moisture adsorption and/or framework structure collapse of MOFs. In this study, the microporous organic networks (MONs) were synthesized through Sonogashira coupling reaction to use for hydrophobic modification on the surface of MOF-199. RESULTS The MOF-199@MON as coating was deposited on stainless steel wires for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of benzene series (BTEX) in aqueous environments. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the MOF-199@MON coated fiber for SPME coupled with GC-MS for the determination of BTEX gave the linear range of 0.5-500 μg L-1, the limit of detections (LODs, S/N = 3) of 0.01-0.04 μg L-1, the limit of quantifications (LOQs, S/N = 10) of 0.04-0.12 μg L-1, the enhancement factors of 3567-4878, and the intra-day, inter-day and fiber-to-fiber precisions (relative standard deviations, RSDs) of 1.0-9.8, 1.9-7.9 and 4.5-9.5 %, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of BTEX in water samples with the recoveries of 71.0 %-113 %. SIGNIFICANCE This work reveals the home-made SPME fibers have a long service life (the extraction efficiency of fiber decreased by only 7.26 %-13.14 % after 100 cycles). The potential of MON functionalized MOFs as effective adsorbents for the SPME of pollutants in the water environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Li-Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Lan-Fen Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yun-Kai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ishtaweera P, Baker GA. Progress in the application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for the separation and quantification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:132959. [PMID: 38118198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), often labeled as "forever chemicals," earned this moniker due to their widespread presence in the environment, bioaccumulative tendencies, and resistance to remediation efforts. Employed for decades in various applications, spanning from stain-resistant fabrics to grease-proof food containers and fire-fighting foams, PFASs have evolved into an anthropogenic nightmare. Their adverse impact on human health, including immune dysfunction, infertility, and a spectrum of cancers, is alarming. Conventional water treatment methods, notably in the case of short-chain congeners, struggle to effectively eliminate PFASs, underscoring the pressing need for enhanced adsorbents. In recent years, there has been a prominent surge in the exploration of innovative techniques centered around ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the removal of PFASs from various sources, including food samples like cooking oil, as well as environmental waters. In this Review, we delve into key advancements and discoveries related to the utilization of ILs and DESs as media for the liquid-liquid extraction of PFASs, as well as their applications as sorbents on solid-state or nanoscale supports. Our exploration encompasses groundbreaking approaches, including the utilization of dicationic ILs for ultra-sensitive mass spectrometric PFAS detection, alongside the innovative application of fluorinated ILs and hydrophobic DESs, enabling highly efficient PFAS sequestration. The landscape of existing PFAS extraction methods is riddled with formidable challenges, including limited selectivity, matrix interferences, subpar extraction efficiency, exorbitant costs, laborious procedures, ecological consequences, and a lack of standardization. Given these challenges, our review unequivocally asserts the pivotal role ILs and DESs will play in shaping the next generation of PFAS remediation strategies. Rigorous characterization of water solubility, toxicity, and biodegradation, along with improved recyclability and thorough techno-economic analyses, are essential for further progress. Future focus must also extend to addressing short-chain PFASs (such as PFBS) and PFAS alternatives (including ADONA, GenX, F-53B), which often pose higher toxicity risks than the compounds they aim to replace. A forward-thinking approach will integrate cutting-edge data-driven techniques, such as machine learning, to enhance our understanding and response to PFAS-related issues. Finally, we advocate seamless integration of PFAS separation with advanced treatment, efficiently isolating and destroying these compounds for a lasting solution to contamination challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyuni Ishtaweera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gary A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song C, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Yuan H, Yu A, Zhang W, Zhang S, Ouyang G. Multifunctionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks for Broad-Spectrum Extraction and Ultrasensitive Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7770-7778. [PMID: 37154520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of surface and ground water by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has become a growing concern, and the structural diversity of PFASs is the major challenge for their ubiquitous applications. Strategies for monitoring coexistent anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic PFASs even at trace levels in aquatic environments are urgently demanded for effective pollution control. Herein, novel amide group and perfluoroalkyl chain-functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) named COF-NH-CO-F9 are successfully synthesized and used for highly efficient extraction of broad-spectrum PFASs, attributing to their unique structure and the multifunctional groups. Under the optimal conditions, a simple and high-sensitivity method is established to quantify 14 PFASs including anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic species by coupling solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the first time. The established method displays high enrichment factors (EFs) of 66-160, ultrahigh sensitivity with low limits of detection (LODs) of 0.0035-0.18 ng L-1, a wide linearity of 0.1-2000 ng L-1 with correlation coefficient (R2) ≥0.9925, and satisfactory precision with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤11.2%. The excellent performance is validated in real water samples with recoveries of 77.1-108% and RSDs ≤11.4%. This work highlights the potential of rational design of COFs with the desired structure and functionality for the broad-spectrum enrichment and ultrasensitive determination of PFASs in real applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ajuan Yu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Zang X, Li Y, Zhang S, Wang C, Wang Z. Selective Extraction of Fungicides from Fruit samples with Defective UiO-66 as Solid-Phase Microextraction Fiber Coating. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
|
6
|
Dispersive solid-phase extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water and urine samples using a magnetic ionic liquid hypercrosslinked polymer composite. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463745. [PMID: 36586287 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, Friedel-Crafts alkylation was successfully applied to prepare a magnetic ionic liquid hypercrosslinked polymer composite (Fe3O4@IL-HCP), which was subsequently employed as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) adsorbent for the isolation and enrichment of trace non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The developed composite was comprehensively characterized using various techniques, with the results indicating that it possessed high saturation magnetization (39.44 em g - 1), large specific surface area (175 m2g - 1), and high adsorption capacity for NSAIDs. The adsorption behavior and mechanisms were also investigated in detail. NSAIDs were adsorbed onto the Fe3O4@IL-HCP sorbent via a heterogeneous multilayer process consisting of hydrogen bonding and π-π and electrostatic interactions. Additionally, the composite's large surface area and multiple active sites enabled extraction equilibrium within 6 min. By coupling with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the developed MSPE/HPLC method was applied for the determination of selected NSAIDs in water and urine samples. The developed method displayed wide linear ranges, low limits of detection (0.12-0.30 ng mL-1 and 0.15-1.5 ng mL-1 in water and urine samples, respectively), sufficient recoveries (92.8-109%), and good precision (relative standard deviations ≤ 4.6%). Thus, the findings of this work provide an appealing alternative for the extraction and determination of trace NSAIDs in environmental water and biological samples.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng J, Kuang Y, Zhou S, Gong X, Ouyang G. Latest Improvements and Expanding Applications of Solid-Phase Microextraction. Anal Chem 2023; 95:218-237. [PMID: 36625125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yixin Kuang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suxin Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinying Gong
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng J, Peng X, Zhu T, Huang S, Chen C, Chen G, Liu S, Ouyang G. Detection of bile acids in small volume human bile samples via an amino metal-organic framework composite based solid-phase microextraction probe. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
9
|
Gong X, Xu L, Kou X, Zheng J, Kuang Y, Zhou S, Huang S, Zheng Y, Ke W, Chen G, Ouyang G. Amino-functionalized metal–organic frameworks for efficient solid-phase microextraction of perfluoroalkyl acids in environmental water. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|