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Jaleta M, Junker V, Kolte B, Börger M, Werner D, Dolsdorf C, Schwenker J, Hölzel C, Zentek J, Amon T, Nübel U, Kabelitz T. Improvements of weaned pigs barn hygiene to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1393923. [PMID: 38812683 PMCID: PMC11135127 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1393923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animal husbandry is usually attributed to the use of antibiotics and poor hygiene and biosecurity. We therefore conducted experimental trials to improve hygiene management in weaned pig houses and assessed the impact on the spread. For each of the two groups examined, the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG), three replicate batches of piglets from the same pig breeder, kept in pre-cleaned flat decks, were analyzed. In the flat decks of the experimental groups, the hygiene conditions (cleaning, disinfection, dust removal and fly control) were improved, while regular hygiene measures were carried out in the control groups. The occurrence and spread of AMR were determined in Escherichia coli (E. coli; resistance indicator) using cultivation-dependent (CFU) and -independent (qPCR) methods as well as whole genome sequencing of isolates in samples of various origins, including feces, flies, feed, dust and swabs. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the prevalence of resistant E. coli between the flat decks managed with conventional techniques and those managed with improved techniques. Selective cultivation delivered ampicillin- and sulfonamide-resistant E. coli proportions of up to 100% and 1.2%, respectively. While 0.5% E. coli resistant to cefotaxime and no ciprofloxacin resistance were detected. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in the abundance of the blaTEM-1 gene in fecal samples between EG and CG groups. The colonization of piglets with resistant pathogens before arrival, the movement of flies in the barn and the treatment of bacterial infections with antibiotics obscured the effects of hygiene improvement. Biocide tolerance tests showed no development of resistance to the farm regular disinfectant. Managing hygiene alone was insufficient for reducing antimicrobial resistances in piglet rearing. We conclude that the complex factors contributing to the presence and distribution of AMR in piglet barns underscore the necessity for a comprehensive management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megarsa Jaleta
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
- Dahlem Research School, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Junker
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Baban Kolte
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- Technical University Braunschweig, Institute of Microbiology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Börger
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Dolsdorf
- Teaching and Research Station for Animal Breeding and Husbandry (LVAT), Ruhlsdorf, Germany
| | - Julia Schwenker
- Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christina Hölzel
- Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health (ITU), Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Nübel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- Technical University Braunschweig, Institute of Microbiology, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tina Kabelitz
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
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Poor AP, Moreno LZ, Monteiro MS, Matajira CEC, Dutra MC, Leal DF, Silva APS, Gomes VTM, de Souza IO, Araújo KM, Sato MIZ, Moreno AM. Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Sows Presenting Purulent Vulvar Discharge. Microorganisms 2024; 12:123. [PMID: 38257950 PMCID: PMC10820650 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purulent vulvar discharge is a clinical sign of genitourinary tract infections, which are a significant concern in swine facilities, leading to sow culling and mortality. Escherichia coli is one of the main agents involved in these diseases. This study aimed to characterize the virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles as well as the phylotype of Escherichia coli strains isolated from sows with purulent vulvar discharge. The results showed that at least 2 of the 29 tested virulence genes related to extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli were present in all strains tested. The most frequent gene was iutA, present in all strains, followed by the genes iucD, csgA, iss2, and irp2. Associations between iron uptake genes, genes related to adhesion, attachment, and serum resistance, as well as genes related to toxin release and bacteriocin, were frequent. The most prevalent phylotype was B1 (40.0%), followed by A (18.5%), D (11.9%), C (9.6%), B2 (7.4%), E (4.4%), F (1.5%), and Clade I (0.7%), with B2 being related to highly virulent traits. The strains presented elevated resistance to antimicrobials such as ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, cephalexin, florfenicol, and ampicillin. More than 90% of the strains were identified as multidrug-resistant, indicating the selection that is induced by the high use of antimicrobials in swine farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- André P. Poor
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Luisa Z. Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Matheus S. Monteiro
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Carlos E. C. Matajira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Calle 5 #62-00, Cali 760035, Colombia
| | - Maurício C. Dutra
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Diego F. Leal
- Department of Animal Production and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ana Paula S. Silva
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Vasco T. M. Gomes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Ivan O. de Souza
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Kawany M. Araújo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
| | - Maria Inês Z. Sato
- Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB), Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Júnior 345, São Paulo 05459-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Andrea M. Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (A.P.P.); (L.Z.M.); (M.S.M.); (C.E.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (I.O.d.S.); (K.M.A.)
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3
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Behrens W, Kolte B, Junker V, Frentrup M, Dolsdorf C, Börger M, Jaleta M, Kabelitz T, Amon T, Werner D, Nübel U. Bacterial genome sequencing tracks the housefly-associated dispersal of fluoroquinolone- and cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from a pig farm. Environ Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36772962 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The regular use of antimicrobials in livestock production selects for antimicrobial resistance. The potential impact of this practice on human health needs to be studied in more detail, including the role of the environment for the persistence and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. During an investigation of a pig farm and its surroundings in Brandenburg, Germany, we detected abundant cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in pig faeces, sedimented dust, and house flies (Musca domestica). Genome sequencing of E. coli isolates revealed large phylogenetic diversity and plasmid-borne extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) genes CTX-M-1 in multiple strains. [Correction added on 28 February 2023, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, 'and TEM-1' was previously included but has been deleted in this version.] Close genomic relationships indicated frequent transmission of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli between pigs from different herds and across buildings of the farm and suggested dust and flies as vectors for dissemination of faecal pathogens. Strikingly, we repeatedly recovered E. coli from flies collected up to 2 km away from the source, whose genome sequences were identical or closely related to those from pig faeces isolates, indicating the fly-associated transport of diverse ESBL-producing E. coli from the pig farm into urban habitation areas. The observed proximity of contaminated flies to human households poses a risk of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant enteric pathogens from livestock to man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Behrens
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Baban Kolte
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Vera Junker
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martinique Frentrup
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Dolsdorf
- Teaching and Research Station for Animal Breeding and Husbandry (LVAT), Ruhlsdorf, Germany
| | - Maria Börger
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Megarsa Jaleta
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tina Kabelitz
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Potsdam, Germany.,Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health (ITU), Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Nübel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany.,Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technical University, Braunschweig, Germany
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Prack McCormick B, Quiroga MP, Álvarez VE, Centrón D, Tittonell P. Antimicrobial resistance dissemination associated with intensive animal production practices in Argentina: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:25-42. [PMID: 36137889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents has accelerated the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The association between antimicrobial-resistant infections in humans and antimicrobial use in agriculture is complex, but well-documented. This study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to antimicrobials defined as critically important by the WHO, in swine, chicken, and cattle from intensive and extensive production systems in Argentina. We conducted searches in electronic databases (MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, the National System of Digital Repositories from Argentina) as well as in the gray literature. Inclusion criteria were epidemiological studies on AMR in the main food-transmitted bacteria, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., and mastitis-causing bacteria, isolated from swine, chicken, dairy and beef cattle from Argentina. This study gives evidence for supporting the hypothesis that AMR of common food-transmitted bacteria in Argentina is reaching alarming levels. Meta-analyses followed by subgroup analyses confirmed the association between the prevalence of AMR and (a) animal species (p<0.01) for streptomycin, ampicillin and tetracycline or (b) the animal production system (p<0.05) for streptomycin, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ampicillin and tetracycline. Moreover, swine (0.47 [0.29; 0.66]) and intensive production (0.62 [0.34; 0.83]) showed the highest pooled prevalence of multidrug resistance while dairy (0.056 [0.003; 0.524]) and extensive production (0.107 [0.043; 0.240]) showed the lowest. A research gap regarding beef-cattle from feedlot was identified. Finally, there is an urgent need for political measures meant to coordinate and harmonize AMR surveillance and regulate antimicrobial use in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Prack McCormick
- Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, RP N˚4 km 2 (1836), Llavallol, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María P Quiroga
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica E Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Centrón
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pablo Tittonell
- Agroecology, Environment and Systems Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFAB, INTA-CONICET), Modesta Victoria 4450 - CC 277 (8400), San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina; Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen University, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
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Liang H, Cai R, Li C, Glendon OHM, Chengcheng H, Yan H. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene analysis reveals novel taxonomic diversity among vaginal microbiota in healthy and affected sows with endometritis. Res Vet Sci 2021; 143:33-40. [PMID: 34971899 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In sows afflicted with endometritis, vaginal microbiota can provide valuable information regarding bacterial community diversity. Our aim was to compare the vaginal microbiotas between endometritis and healthy sows and characterize the vaginal microbiota of endometritis sows using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Vaginal swabs were collected from healthy (Healthy_A, n = 10; Healthy_B, n = 10) and diseased (Endometritis_A, n = 10; Endometritis_B, n = 10) sows from two swine farms located in Guangdong and Yunnan province, in Southern China. The results of V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene showed that Corynebacterium_1, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Porphyromonas, Anaerococcus, Streptococcus, and Bacteroides comprised the core microbiota in all healthy sows. Two type of endometritis microbiota patterns were presented in two farms: the first comprised mostly of Burkholderia in farm A and the second comprised of Parvimonas in farm B. In farm A, the percentages of Burkholderia, Serratia, and Enterobacter were higher in the endometritis group, while only Parvimonas was significantly increased in the endometritis group in farm B (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the genus Burkholderia and Serratia were found only in the endometritis sows from farm A. Burkholderia was the most dominant genus found in endometritis sows and was confirmed by full-length 16S rRNA analysis using PacBio sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Rujian Cai
- Institute of Animal Health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Animal Health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Open Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ong Hong Ming Glendon
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute (SSIJRI), Guangzhou 510000, China; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N1.2, B3-15, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
| | - Hu Chengcheng
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute (SSIJRI), Guangzhou 510000, China; Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-04, Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - He Yan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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Agrawal S, Singh AP, Singh R, Saikia R, Choudhury S, Shukla A, Prabhu SN, Agrawal J. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from postpartum uterine infection in dairy cattle in India. Vet World 2021; 14:200-209. [PMID: 33642805 PMCID: PMC7896901 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.200-209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Selection and dissemination of plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) among Enterobacteriaceae confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of ESBL-producing organisms isolated from dairy cattle with a uterine infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial isolates (n=62) were characterized by biochemical test for genus and species determination. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using panel of antibiotics for initial screening of ESBL organism. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL-suspected strains was done by combination disk method and double-disk method. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for phylogrouping of Escherichia coli isolates as well as for genotyping ESBL genes. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR method was used for genotypic characterization of isolates. RESULTS Antibiotic susceptibility profile of E. coli (n=40) isolates showed high rates of resistance for ampicillin (95.0%), cefpodoxime (97.5%), cefotaxime (87.5%), and ceftriaxone (70%). However, low rates of resistance were observed for cefoxitin (25%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20%), ceftazidime (17.5%), gentamicin (10%), and ertapenem (7.5%). A total of 39/40 E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL with Epsilometer test as well as the genotypic method and 28 (70%) of them were multidrug-resistant. Genotype blaCTX-M was observed as a predominant beta-lactamase type with the preponderance of CTX-M Group 1. The following combinations were observed: blaTEM + blaCTX-M in 15 (36.2%) isolates, blaTEM /blaSHV in 8 (5.2%) isolates, and blaCTX-M /blaSHV in 6 (5.2%) isolates. The phylogenetic grouping of E. coli strains revealed the highest prevalence for B1 (22.0%) followed by A (20%). CONCLUSION This report shows a high frequency of ESBL E. coli from cattle with postpartum uterine infections. These isolates showed reduced susceptibility to common antibiotics used for the treatment of uterine infections greater affecting the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Agrawal
- College of Biotechnology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raktim Saikia
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Shukla
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyama N. Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Agrawal
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Gynecology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kallau NHG, Wibawan IWT, Lukman DW, Sudarwanto MB. Detection of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and tet gene prevalence at a pig farm in Kupang , Indonesia. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2018; 5:388-396. [PMID: 31453148 PMCID: PMC6702907 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2018.e289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect the incidence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and the spread of tet genes that encode tetracycline (TE) resistance in E. coli in pig farms in the city of Kupang, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of pig feces have been obtained from 96 pig farms in Kupang city, Indonesia. Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified morphologically and biochemically, and finally confirmed by the API test. The disk diffusion method has been used to observe the antibiotic sensitivity effects and has been followed by observing resistant genes encoding TE resistance using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) method to detect the presence of tet genes such as tet (A), tet (B), tet (C), tet (D), and tet (E), respectively. RESULTS A total of 82 (85.4%) of E. coli isolates have been found in all pig feces samples obtained from 96 pig farms in Kupang city. This study has shown a high level of antibiotic resistance dominated by erythromycin (85.4%) and cephalothin (58.5%) and followed by several other antibiotics with a percentage below 34.1%. The prevalence of MDR E. coli was 57.3% by showing 39 different patterns. The most common pattern was showed by the Cephalothin-Colistin-Erythromycin pattern. The resistance of E. coli to TE appears to be related to the presence of tet (A) and tet (E) genes. CONCLUSION This study has encouraged the need for public awareness (farmers) of the wise use of antibiotics in preventing the spread of resistant bacteria that can cause health problems in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novalino Harold Geoffrey Kallau
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
| | - I Wayan Teguh Wibawan
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Denny Widaya Lukman
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
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Jamali H, Krylova K, Aïder M. Identification and frequency of the associated genes with virulence and antibiotic resistance ofEscherichia coliisolated from cow's milk presenting mastitis pathology. Anim Sci J 2018; 89:1701-1706. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammed Aïder
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Université Laval; Quebec QC Canada
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering; Université Laval; Quebec QC Canada
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