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Attili AR, Nocera FP, Sisto M, Linardi M, Gigli F, Ngwa VN, Fiorito F, Cerracchio C, Meligrana MCT, Bonacucina E, Cuteri V, De Martino L. Evidence and antibiotic resistance profiles of clinical Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (ACB) and non-ACB complex members in companion animals: A 2020-2022 retrospective study. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:102185. [PMID: 38663213 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the frequency of Acinetobacter spp., belonging to both Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (ACB) and non-ACB complex, and their antibiotic resistance profiles in veterinary medicine, a three-year (2020-2022) retrospective study was carried out on sick companion animals. Epidemiological data from different clinical canine, feline, and equine samples, were acquired. For each strain, MALDI-TOF MS identification and susceptibility to a panel of 11 antibiotics, by Kirby-Bauer and E-test methods, were performed. Out of 628 bacteriological examinations, 2.5% resulted positive for strains belonging to Acinetobacter genus. Frequencies of 2.3%, 1.9%, and 3% were obtained from both in-visiting and hospitalized dogs, cats, and horses, respectively. Members of ACB-complex accounted for 50% of isolates. Since all strains resulted susceptible to aminoglycosides and polymyxins, no pandrug-resistant (PDR) species were recorded. While 12.5% A. baumannii resulted extensively-drug resistant (XDR), a higher percentage of multidrug-resistant strains was recorded among non-ACB strains (35.5%) than ACB strains (25%). Susceptibility was observed in the same percentage in both groups (62.5%). All ACB strains confirmed their intrinsic resistances. Non-ACB species showed lower resistances against antipseudomonal penicillins plus beta-lactamase inhibitors (P=0.1306), III generation cephalosporins (P=0.0547), and tetracyclines (P=0.0209) than ACB species. Carbapenem-resistance was observed for XDR A. baumannii (12.5%) and, in particular for MDR non-ACB complex members (25%). To our knowledge, A. lactucae represents the first description in two sick dogs in Italy. Furthermore, our results emphasize the role of non-ACB-complex species as important zoonotic pathogens, which could be reservoirs of clinically relevant resistance profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Rita Attili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Francesca Paola Nocera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via F. Delpino n. 1, Naples 80137, Italy.
| | - Martina Sisto
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Martina Linardi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Francesca Gigli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Victor Ngu Ngwa
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Filomena Fiorito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via F. Delpino n. 1, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Claudia Cerracchio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via F. Delpino n. 1, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Marina C T Meligrana
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bonacucina
- Veterinary Practitioner Freelance, Via Monte d'Aria, Castelraimondo, Macerata 62022, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, Macerata, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Luisa De Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Via F. Delpino n. 1, Naples 80137, Italy
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Lupo A, Valot B, Saras E, Drapeau A, Robert M, Bour M, Haenni M, Plésiat P, Madec JY, Potron A. Multiple host colonization and differential expansion of multidrug-resistant ST25-Acinetobacter baumannii clades. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21854. [PMID: 38071225 PMCID: PMC10710421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Acinetobacter baumannii clonal lineage ST25 has been identified in humans and animals and found associated with outbreaks globally. To highlight possible similarities among ST25 A. baumannii of animal and human origins and to gather clues on the dissemination and evolution of the ST25 lineage, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis on n = 106 human and n = 35 animal A. baumannii ST25 genomes, including 44 sequenced for this study. Resistance genes and their genetic background were analyzed, as well. ST25 genomes are clustered into four clades: two are widespread in South America, while the other two are largely distributed in Europe, Asia and America. One particular clade was found to include the most recent strains and the highest number of acquired antibiotic resistance genes. OXA-23-type carbapenemase was the most common. Other resistance genes such as blaNDM-1, blaPER-7, and armA were found embedded in complex chromosomal regions present in human isolates. Genomic similarity among multidrug resistant ST25 isolates of either animal or human origin was revealed, suggesting cross-contaminations between the two sectors. Tracking the clonal complex ST25 between humans and animals should provide new insights into the mode of dissemination of these bacteria, and should help defining strategies for preserving global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Lupo
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France.
| | - Benoît Valot
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Estelle Saras
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Drapeau
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Robert
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Bour
- CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Plésiat
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES - Université de Lyon 1, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Anaïs Potron
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
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Editorial on the Research Topic of the Special Issue "Current Status of Acinetobacter Infections". Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020219. [PMID: 36839491 PMCID: PMC9960586 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging bacterial infections will continue to be an important issue for public health, mostly because of the constant changes on our earth [...].
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Leelapsawas C, Yindee J, Nittayasut N, Chueahiran S, Boonkham P, Suanpairintr N, Chanchaithong P. Emergence and multi-lineages of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex from canine and feline origins. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1377-1384. [PMID: 36031361 PMCID: PMC9586037 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii is an important
opportunistic bacterium and frequently causes hospital-acquired infections in humans. It
also has increasingly been reported in veterinary medicine. This study illustrates
multiple clones of carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii disseminating and
causing diseases in dogs and cats in Thailand. Between 2016 and 2020, 44 A.
baumannii and two A. pittii isolates exhibiting imipenem
resistance (MIC≥16 μg/mL) from diagnostic samples were characterized by Pasteur multilocus
sequence typing (MLST), sequence grouping (SG), repetitive extragenic palindromic element
(rep)-PCR fingerprint analysis and antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
profiling. All isolates contained blaOXA-23 in the
Tn2006 family, and A. baumannii showed the sequence
type (ST) 16 (14/44), ST149 (12/44), ST25 (6/44), ST2 (4/44), ST1581 (3/44), ST23 (2/44),
ST1575 (1/44) and ST1576 (1/44). DNA fingerprint analysis and SG illustrated clonal
relationships in the STs and its single locus variants, and AMR gene profiles, including
tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes, showed minor variations in the clones.
The findings suggest that blaOXA-23 has been spread in
multiple clones of A. baumannii and A. pittii from
canine and feline hosts. With the collection of multiple AMR genes and intrinsic
resistance, antimicrobial options are limited for treatment, and pets can be a potential
reservoir of extensively drug-resistant, carbapenemase-producing A.
baumannii in the community. Epidemiological tracking by passive and active
surveillance in animals, veterinary personnel and hospital environment and preventive
measurements should be promoted to decrease the risk of infection and transmission to
humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chavin Leelapsawas
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Jitrapa Yindee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Naiyaphat Nittayasut
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Surawit Chueahiran
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Pongthai Boonkham
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | | | - Pattrarat Chanchaithong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University.,Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
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Unger F, Eisenberg T, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Leidner U, Semmler T, Ewers C. Imported Pet Reptiles and Their “Blind Passengers”—In-Depth Characterization of 80 Acinetobacter Species Isolates. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050893. [PMID: 35630338 PMCID: PMC9144363 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reptiles are popular pet animals and important food sources, but the trade of this vertebrate class is—besides welfare and conservation—under debate due to zoonotic microbiota. Ninety-two shipments of live reptiles were sampled during border inspections at Europe’s most relevant transshipment point for the live animal trade. Acinetobacter spp. represented one significant fraction of potentially MDR bacteria that were further analyzed following non-selective isolation or selective enrichment from feces, urinate, or skin samples. Taxonomic positions of respective isolates were confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and whole-genome sequencing analysis (GBDP, dDDH, ANIb, and rMLST). The majority of the 80 isolates represented established species; however, a proportion of potentially novel taxa was found. Antimicrobial properties and genome-resistance gene screening revealed novel and existing resistance mechanisms. Acinetobacter spp. strains were most often resistant to 6–10 substance groups (n = 63) in vitro. Resistance to fluorchinolones (n = 4) and colistin (n = 7), but not to carbapenems, was noted, and novel oxacillinase variants (n = 39) were detected among other genes. Phylogenetic analysis (MLST) assigned few isolates to the known STs (25, 46, 49, 220, and 249) and to a number of novel STs. No correlation was found to indicate that MDR Acinetobacter spp. in reptiles were associated with harvesting mode, e.g., captive-bred, wild-caught, or farmed in natural ecosystems. The community of Acinetobacter spp. in healthy reptiles turned out to be highly variable, with many isolates displaying a MDR phenotype or genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Unger
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | | | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | - Ursula Leidner
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | - Torsten Semmler
- NG1 Microbial Genomics, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-9938300
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Nocera FP, Ambrosio M, Fiorito F, Cortese L, De Martino L. On Gram-Positive- and Gram-Negative-Bacteria-Associated Canine and Feline Skin Infections: A 4-Year Retrospective Study of the University Veterinary Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory of Naples, Italy. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061603. [PMID: 34072316 PMCID: PMC8227065 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pet animals’ bacterial skin infections represent the main reason for presentation in small animal practice and are generally secondary complications of other pathological conditions. Pyoderma and otitis externa are generally caused by Staphylococcus spp., and particularly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is often isolated from dogs and cats suffering from skin disorders. However, also Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, can be responsible for both otitis externa and pyoderma. Since multi-drug-resistant bacterial strains have become a relevant threat in veterinary medicine, this study aimed to identify the bacteria most frequently associated with the most common clinical cases of skin infections in dogs and cats attending the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples in the period from January 2016 to December 2019. Moreover, their antibiotic resistance profiles were evaluated, highlighting an increasing spread of multi-drug-resistant strains. It is worth noting that this spread may also concern humans because of their close contact with pets. Thus, it not only is of veterinary significance but also has zoonotic importance, with pets acting as reservoirs for humans, especially pet owners and veterinarians. Abstract A 4-year retrospective study (2016–2019) of selected routine bacteriological examinations of the veterinary microbiology laboratory of the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples (Italy) was carried out. A total of 189 bacteriological samples were collected from 171 dogs and 18 cats suffering from skin infections. In dogs, the most common cutaneous infection was otitis externa, while pyoderma was found to be prevalent in cats. The number of recorded Gram-positive strains over the study period did not vary considerably from year to year and was always significantly higher (p-value = 0.0007) in comparison with Gram-negative bacterial isolations. In dogs, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was the most common identified Gram-positive bacterium (65%), while Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36%) was the one among the isolated Gram-negative bacteria. In cats, coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most predominant isolated bacteria (47%). The phenotypic profiles of antibiotic resistance showed that most of the strains were resistant to amoxicillin–clavulanate, penicillin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. Several multi-drug-resistant strains (35%) were detected in canine isolates. An updating of antibiotic resistance profiles of the main Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria principally associated with skin infections of pet animals is necessary to improve stewardship programs of veterinary hospitals and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Cortese
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.D.M.); Tel.: +39-081-253-6005 (L.C.); +39-081-253-6180 (L.D.M.)
| | - Luisa De Martino
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.D.M.); Tel.: +39-081-253-6005 (L.C.); +39-081-253-6180 (L.D.M.)
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Nocera FP, Attili AR, De Martino L. Acinetobacter baumannii: Its Clinical Significance in Human and Veterinary Medicine. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020127. [PMID: 33513701 PMCID: PMC7911418 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen, causing severe infections difficult to treat. The A. baumannii infection rate has increased year by year in human medicine and it is also considered as a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. This bacterium, also well known for its ability to form biofilms, has a strong environmental adaptability and the characteristics of multi-drug resistance. Indeed, strains showing fully resistant profiles represent a worrisome problem in clinical therapeutic treatment. Furthermore, A. baumannii-associated veterinary nosocomial infections has been reported in recent literature. Particularly, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii can be considered an emerging opportunistic pathogen in human medicine as well as in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paola Nocera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Anna-Rita Attili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy;
| | - Luisa De Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80137 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Churak A, Poolkhet C, Tamura Y, Sato T, Fukuda A, Thongratsakul S. Evaluation of nosocomial infections through contact patterns in a small animal hospital using social network analysis and genotyping techniques. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1647. [PMID: 33462333 PMCID: PMC7814024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections or hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are common health problems affecting patients in human and animal hospitals. Herein, we hypothesised that HAIs could be spread through human and animal movement, contact with veterinary medical supplies, equipment, or instruments. We used a combination of social network analysis and genotyping techniques to find key players (or key nodes) and spread patterns using Escherichia coli as a marker. This study was implemented in the critical care unit, outpatient department, operation room, and ward of a small animal hospital. We conducted an observational study used for key player determination (or key node identification), then observed the selected key nodes twice with a one-month interval. Next, surface swabs of key nodes and their connecting nodes were analysed using bacterial identification, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Altogether, our results showed that veterinarians were key players in this contact network in all departments. We found two predominant similarity clusters; dendrogram results suggested E. coli isolates from different time points and places to be closely related, providing evidence of HAI circulation within and across hospital departments. This study could aid in limiting the spread of HAIs in veterinary and human hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Churak
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Chaithep Poolkhet
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Division of Health and Environmental Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Division of Health and Environmental Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Fukuda
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Division of Health and Environmental Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Sukanya Thongratsakul
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
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