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Borja-Gonzalez M, Casas-Martinez JC, McDonagh B, Goljanek-Whysall K. Aging Science Talks: The role of miR-181a in age-related loss of muscle mass and function. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2020; 4:81-85. [PMID: 32835152 PMCID: PMC7341035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Borja-Gonzalez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Jose C Casas-Martinez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
- Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease & The Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Aging, CIMA, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TJ, UK
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Sonaglioni A, Albini A, Fossile E, Pessi MA, Nicolosi GL, Lombardo M, Anzà C, Ambrosio G. Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography for Cardioncological Evaluation in Bevacizumab-Treated Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 20:581-592. [PMID: 32519318 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitor Bevacizumab (BVZ) may lead to the development of adverse effects, including hypertension and cardiac ischemia. Whether assessment of changes in myocardial strain by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) can be of value in detecting BVZ-mediated cardiotoxicity at an earlier stage is not known. We investigated whether 2D-STE can non-invasively detect early evidence of cardiotoxicity in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated with BVZ. Between January and June 2019, 25 consecutive patients (71.8 ± 7.5 year/old, 17 males) with mCRC were prospectively enrolled. Patients underwent physical examination, blood tests, and conventional 2D-transthoracic echocardiography implemented with 2D-STE analysis, at baseline and at 3 and 6 months following treatment with BVZ (15 mg/kg every 15 days) + 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX i.v.). At 6-month follow-up, we assessed occurrence of global longitudinal strain (GLS) impairment (> 15% decrease in GLS compared with baseline) as primary end-point and a new-onset systemic hypertension (secondary end-point). On average, GLS showed a progressive significant impairment after BVZ, from - 17.4 ± 3.2% at baseline to - 16 ± 2.9% (p = 0.003) at 6-month follow-up; > 15% decrease in GLS (primary end-point) was detected in 9 patients (36%). All other strain parameters remained unchanged. New-onset systemic hypertension (secondary end-point) was diagnosed in five patients (20%). No significant changes were observed in serial high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I measurements. No patient developed significant changes in LV size or LV ejection fraction; no case of clinically symptomatic HF was observed during BVZ-treatment. Measurement of GLS by 2D-STE analysis can effectively detect BVZ-mediated cardiotoxicity at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sonaglioni
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale San Giuseppe IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Fossile
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale San Giuseppe IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Lombardo
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale San Giuseppe IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Anzà
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ambrosio
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "S. Maria Della Misericordia", Perugia, Italy
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Biancardi M, de Sa RAM. Behavior of fetal longitudinal myocardial fibers assessed by speckle tracking to obtain strain and strain rate values for low-risk pregnancies. J Perinat Med 2020; 48:144-152. [PMID: 31834865 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the behavior of fetal longitudinal myocardial fibers assessed by speckle tracking (STE) after fetal viability. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 156 women with normal singleton pregnancies from 22 to 31 weeks of gestation. Strain (S) and strain rate (SR) values were measured in both ventricles during the fetal cardiac cycle. The population was divided into five gestational age groups based on 2-week intervals. The correlations of maternal variables with the S and SR variables and intra-observer analysis were performed. Results There was a significant difference in the S and SR values of the left ventricle (LV) among the gestational age groups (P = 0.007). Significantly higher S and SR values were observed in early age groups demonstrating reductions in LV S and SR values at 26 weeks, followed by stabilization. For the right ventricle (RV), there was no significant difference between gestational age groups. Significant intra-observer agreement was observed for S values of the RV (P = 0.008) and LV (P = 0.0004) and SR values of the RV (P = 0.0001) and LV (P = 0.015). Conclusion Decreases in the S and SR values of the LV occurred after 26 weeks, followed by stabilization. No significant difference was observed in the S or SR value of the RV among the gestational age groups, and no significant association of any maternal variable evaluated with S and SR values was observed. Significant intra-observer agreement was obtained among the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Biancardi
- Fernandes Figueira Institute - FIOCRUZ, Av. Rui Barbosa, 716 - Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20021-140, Brazil
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Assessment of left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. Anatol J Cardiol 2020; 23:41-48. [PMID: 31911565 PMCID: PMC7141431 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2019.66805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE), we aimed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In total, 97 T2: DM patients were categorized into three groups based on hepatic ultrasonography group A (those without NAFLD, n=30), group B (those with mild NAFLD, n=32), and group C (those with moderate-to-severe NAFLD, n=35). Our conventional echocardiographic parameters included transmitral peak early and late diastolic velocity (E and A), septal and lateral early (e’) mitral annular diastolic tissue velocities, and left atrial maximum volume index (LAVImax). LV end-diastolic and -systolic volume, LV mass index (LVMI), and LV ejection fraction were measured using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. The 3D-STE parameters included LV global radial strain (GRS), global longitudinal strain (GLS), global area strain (GAS), and global circumferential strain (GCS). Results: Our results showed that in group C, GCS, GRS, GLS, GAS, and septal and lateral e’ velocity decreased, whereas average E/e’ and LAVImax increased compared to groups B and A (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that NAFLD is independently associated with 3D-STE parameters, and glycosylated hemoglobin also has negative impacts on all LV 3D strains. Conclusion: When combined with conventional echocardiography, 3D-STE can assess LV function effectively in T2DM patients with NAFLD. Additionally, the severity of LV dysfunction in the moderate-to-severe NAFLD group (group C) was worse than the mild and absent NAFLD groups (groups A and B).
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D’Elia N, Appadurai V, Mallouhi M, Ng J, Marwick T, Wahi S. Comparison of 3D echocardiographic‐derived indices using fully automatic left ventricular endocardial tracing (heart model) and semiautomatic tracing (3DQ‐ADV). Echocardiography 2019; 36:2057-2063. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D’Elia
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Qld Australia
- The Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Vinesh Appadurai
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Qld Australia
- The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia
| | | | - Jun Ng
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - Thomas Marwick
- The Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Sudhir Wahi
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Qld Australia
- The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia
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Berridge BR, Schultze AE, Heyen JR, Searfoss GH, Sarazan RD. Technological Advances in Cardiovascular Safety Assessment Decrease Preclinical Animal Use and Improve Clinical Relevance. ILAR J 2017; 57:120-132. [PMID: 28053066 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) safety liabilities are significant concerns for drug developers and preclinical animal studies are predominately where those liabilities are characterized before patient exposures. Steady progress in technology and laboratory capabilities is enabling a more refined and informative use of animals in those studies. The application of surgically implantable and telemetered instrumentation in the acute assessment of drug effects on CV function has significantly improved historical approaches that involved anesthetized or restrained animals. More chronically instrumented animals and application of common clinical imaging assessments like echocardiography and MRI extend functional and in-life structural assessments into the repeat-dose setting. A growing portfolio of circulating CV biomarkers is allowing longitudinal and repeated measures of cardiac and vascular injury and dysfunction better informing an understanding of temporal pathogenesis and allowing earlier detection of undesirable effects. In vitro modeling systems of the past were limited by their lack of biological relevance to the in vivo human condition. Advances in stem cell technology and more complex in vitro modeling platforms are quickly creating more opportunity to supplant animals in our earliest assessments for liabilities. Continuing improvement in our capabilities in both animal and nonanimal modeling should support a steady decrease in animal use for primary liability identification and optimize the translational relevance of the animal studies we continue to do.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Berridge
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - A Eric Schultze
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - Jon R Heyen
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - George H Searfoss
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - R Dustan Sarazan
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
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Tsang W, Lang RM. Reporting of three-dimensional echocardiography-derived left ventricular volumes comes of age. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 110:577-579. [PMID: 28882433 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Tsang
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Roberto M Lang
- University of Chicago Medical Center, 60637 Chicago, IL, USA.
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Ozdemir S, Tan YZ, Gazi E. Is the Increased Septal Perfusion the Signal of Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy? World J Nucl Med 2016; 15:184-9. [PMID: 27651739 PMCID: PMC5020792 DOI: 10.4103/1450-1147.174706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have compared scintigraphic and echocardiographic data in order to investigate whether increased septal perfusion represents asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH), which is a symptom followed in the scintigraphy of myocardial perfusion. The study consists of a total of 186 patients (120 females and 66 males with an average age of 59.45 ± 11.54 years) who had normal myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and echocardiography examinations. Statistical comparison of septal wall thickness measurements obtained from echocardiography and septal-to-lateral wall ratios (S/L ratio) was performed scintigraphically. Left ventricular mass values were obtained as both scintigraphic and echocardiographic data and their correlations were evaluated in order to assess the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In statistical analyses, the values of interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), left ventricle posterior wall thickness in diastole (LVPWd), left ventricle mass (LVM), and left ventricle mass index (LVMI) were found to be significantly higher in group 2 (S/L ratio >1) compared to group 1 (S/L ratio <1). In addition, S/L ratio is significantly correlated with echocardiographic IVSd, LVPWd, LVM, LVMI, and scintigraphic LVM (rest) values. Furthermore, echocardiographic LVM and LVMI values were significantly correlated with LVM and LVMI values obtained from scintigraphy. It should be known that increased S/L ratio that can be monitored during scintigraphic studies can be an indicator of septal hypertrophy and/or LVH, however, further examination and close follow-ups should be performed in necessary cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Ozdemir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ziya Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Emine Gazi
- Department of Cardiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Pelz JO, Busch M, Weinreich A, Saur D, Weise D. Evaluation Of freehand high-resolution 3-dimensional ultrasound of the median nerve. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:206-212. [PMID: 27387275 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we evaluated freehand 3D ultrasound (3DUS) of the median nerve in comparison to 2D ultrasound (2DUS) and assessed the influence of tilting the transversal plane on cross-sectional area (CSA) measurement. METHODS Two examiners investigated the median nerves of 22 healthy subjects over a distance of 20 cm using 3DUS. Image quality and CSA were assessed at random points within the virtual 3D volume and compared with 2DUS. RESULTS Image quality within the virtual 3D volume was good/sufficient/poor in 53.0%/40.2%/6.8% (examiner 1) and 21.6%/69.6%/8.8% (examiner 2), respectively. CSA measurements with 3DUS were smaller than with 2DUS (-12% and -17%; Wilcoxon test, P < 0.001). Interrater agreement for 3DUS and intermethod agreement between 2DUS and 3DUS were moderate. Stepwise tilting of the transversal plane increased CSA significantly. CONCLUSION Freehand 3DUS of the median nerve over 20 cm is feasible and may help overcome some of the limitations and pitfalls of 2DUS. Muscle Nerve 55: 206-212, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Otto Pelz
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Busch
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Weinreich
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dorothee Saur
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Weise
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Three-dimensional compared to two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Infection 2016; 44:725-731. [PMID: 27189337 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-016-0908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transesophageal echocardiography is crucial for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE). Use of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) could improve the reliability of echocardiographic findings. This study sought to determine the value of 3D-TEE in the diagnosis of IE in comparison to two-dimensional (2D)-TEE and 2D transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE). METHODS In this prospective cohort study in a tertiary care university hospital 144 consecutive patients with clinically suspected IE were included. The patients were subjected to clinical, microbiological and echocardiographic evaluation (2D-TTE, 2D-TEE and 3D-TEE) and their clinical history evaluated retrospectively to establish a reference diagnosis of IE in accordance to current guideline recommendations. RESULTS In 48 (33 %) patients the diagnosis of IE was established. 2D-TEE and 3D-TEE showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for diagnosis of IE of 94 % and 63, 90 and 95 %, 82 and 86 % and 97 and 83 %, respectively, with similar results in patients with native and prosthetic valves. Vegetations and abscess were detected in 43 and 5 patients with final diagnosis of IE by any of the assessed echocardiographic modalities, with only one case of vegetation detected by 3D-TEE only and not by 2D-TEE. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of patients with suspected IE, 3D-TEE showed substantial lower sensitivity and negative predictive value for diagnosis of IE when compared to 2D-TEE. 3D-TEE might provide additive diagnostic information with impact on clinical decisions only in individual cases.
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11
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Bordun KA, Premecz S, daSilva M, Mandal S, Goyal V, Glavinovic T, Cheung M, Cheung D, White CW, Chaudhary R, Freed DH, Villarraga HR, Herrmann J, Kohli M, Ravandi A, Thliveris J, Pitz M, Singal PK, Mulvagh S, Jassal DS. The utility of cardiac biomarkers and echocardiography for the early detection of bevacizumab- and sunitinib-mediated cardiotoxicity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H692-701. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00172.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent introduction of novel anticancer therapies, including bevacizumab (BVZ) and sunitinib (SNT), is associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxicity. However, early identification of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction may facilitate dose modification and avoid the development of advanced heart failure. Using a murine model of BVZ- and SNT-mediated cardiotoxicity, we investigated whether cardiac biomarkers and/or tissue velocity imaging (TVI) using echocardiography can detect early changes in cardiac function, before a decrease in LV ejection fraction is identified. A total of 75 wild-type C57Bl/6 male mice were treated with either 0.9% saline, BVZ, or SNT. Serial monitoring of blood pressure, high-sensitivity troponin I, and echocardiographic indexes were performed over a 14-day study period, after which the mice were euthanized for histological and biochemical analyses. Mice treated with either BVZ or SNT developed systemic hypertension as early as day 7, which increased by day 14. Cardiac biomarkers, specifically high-sensitivity troponin I, were not predictive of early LV systolic dysfunction. Although conventional LV ejection fraction values decreased at day 13 in mice treated with either BVZ or SNT, TVI confirmed early LV systolic dysfunction at day 8. Histological and biochemical analysis demonstrated loss of cellular integrity, increased oxidative stress, and increased cardiac apoptosis in mice treated with BVZ or SNT therapy at day 14. In a murine model of BVZ- or SNT-mediated cardiomyopathy, noninvasive assessment by TVI detected early LV systolic dysfunction before alterations in conventional echocardiographic indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly-Ann Bordun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sheena Premecz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Megan daSilva
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soma Mandal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Vineet Goyal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tamara Glavinovic
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew Cheung
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David Cheung
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christopher W. White
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rakesh Chaudhary
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Darren H. Freed
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hector R. Villarraga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Manish Kohli
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James Thliveris
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Marshall Pitz
- Section of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Pawan K. Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sharon Mulvagh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Davinder S. Jassal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Section of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Abstract
Cardiac multimodality (hybrid) imaging can be obtained from a variety of techniques, such as nuclear medicine with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET), or radiology with multislice computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and echography. They are typically combined in a side-by-side or fusion mode in order to provide functional and morphological data to better characterise coronary artery disease, with more proven efficacy than when used separately. The gained information is then used to guide revascularisation procedures. We present an up-to-date comprehensive overview of multimodality imaging already in clinical use, as well as a combination of techniques with promising or developing applications.
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Saeed MF, Premecz S, Goyal V, Singal PK, Jassal DS. Catching broken hearts: pre-clinical detection of doxorubicin and trastuzumab mediated cardiac dysfunction in the breast cancer setting. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:546-50. [PMID: 24959994 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, there is an overall improvement in the survival of this patient population. This is likely due to a combination of early detection through screening and awareness, improved targeted biological therapy, and an overall improvement in disease management. Despite the beneficial effects of the 2 anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and trastuzumab (TRZ) in women with breast cancer, development of cardiotoxicity is a major concern. The occurrence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction is unacceptably high in nearly 1 in 4 women treated with DOX+TRZ in the breast cancer setting. In this review, we explore the use of non-invasive cardiac imaging for the early detection of chemotherapy-mediated cardiotoxicity in women with breast cancer, in the hope of preventing end-stage heart disease in this cancer population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwash F Saeed
- a Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Rm Y3531, Bergen Cardiac Care Centre, St. Boniface General Hospital, 409 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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Ives SJ, Fadel PJ, Brothers RM, Sander M, Wray DW. Exploring the vascular smooth muscle receptor landscape in vivo: ultrasound Doppler versus near-infrared spectroscopy assessments. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H771-6. [PMID: 24414068 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00782.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound Doppler and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are routinely used for noninvasive monitoring of peripheral hemodynamics in both clinical and experimental settings. However, the comparative ability of these methodologies to detect changes in microvascular and whole limb hemodynamics during pharmacological manipulation of vascular smooth muscle receptors located at varied locations within the arterial tree is unknown. Thus, in 10 healthy subjects (25 ± 2 yr), changes in resting leg blood flow (ultrasound Doppler; femoral artery) and muscle oxygenation (oxyhemoglobin + oxymyoglobin; vastus lateralis) were simultaneously evaluated in response to intra-arterial infusions of phenylephrine (PE, 0.025-0.8 μg·kg(-1)·min(-1)), BHT-933 (2.5-40 μg·kg(-1)·min(-1)), and angiotensin II (ANG II, 0.5-8 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)). All drugs elicited significant dose-dependent reductions in leg blood flow and oxyhemoglobin + oxymyoglobin. Significant relationships were found between ultrasound Doppler and NIRS changes across doses of PE (r(2) = 0.37 ± 0.08), BHT-933 (r(2) = 0.74 ± 0.06), and ANG II (r(2) = 0.68 ± 0.13), with the strongest relationships evident with agonists for receptors located preferentially "downstream" in the leg microcirculation (BHT-933 and ANG II). Analyses of drug potency revealed similar EC50 between ultrasound Doppler and NIRS measurements for PE (0.06 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.01), BHT-933 (5.0 ± 0.9 vs. 4.5 ± 1.3), and ANG II (1.4 ± 0.8 vs. 1.3 ± 0.3). These data provide evidence that both ultrasound Doppler and NIRS track pharmacologically induced changes in peripheral hemodynamics and are equally capable of determining drug potency. However, considerable disparity was observed between agonist infusions targeting different levels of the arterial tree, suggesting that receptor landscape is an important consideration for proper interpretation of hemodynamic monitoring with these methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Ives
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Challenges to the Clinical Integration of Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-013-9225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Becher PM, Lindner D, Fluschnik N, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. Diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 7:463-74. [PMID: 23930995 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2013.825246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is a common syndrome, accounting for about 50% of all patients with heart failure (HF). Morbidity and mortality are similar to patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF), yet no effective treatment has been identified in randomized clinical trials. AREAS COVERED This article provides an overview of the available literature regarding diagnosing established HFPEF and potential new therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis of HFPEF. Vascular dysfunction, ventricular-arterial coupling, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix regulation, chronotropic incompetence, pulmonary hypertension, exercise testing and biomarkers were taken into consideration next to conventional measurements of diastolic dysfunction. EXPERT OPINION Measuring diastolic dysfunction in HFPEF is considered important in many patients. Nevertheless, today we know that other causes besides diastolic dysfunction are also involved in the pathophysiology of many HFPEF patients and need to be investigated in order to make a correct diagnosis. Therefore, further research is required to allow better and more specific diagnostic and treatment options to reduce the morbidity and mortality for this ever-expanding HF population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Moritz Becher
- University Heart Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology , Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Cardiovascular imaging: new directions in an evolving landscape. Can J Cardiol 2013; 29:257-9. [PMID: 23439017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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