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Hassan AF, Khoj MA. Fabrication of melamine formaldehyde/graphene oxide composite for efficient static and dynamic adsorption of lead ions from aqueous medium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35233-35248. [PMID: 38722518 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The present work discusses the synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications of graphene oxide (GO), melamine formaldehyde resin (MF), and melamine formaldehyde/graphene oxide composite (MGO) for the efficient removal of Pb2+ from aqueous medium via batch and column procedures. TGA, XRD, TEM, zeta potential, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, ATR-FTIR, and other characterization techniques revealed that MGO is characterized by a greater surface area (609 m2/g), total pore volume (1.0106 cm3/g), pHPZC (6.5), and the presence of various surface chemical functional groups. The synthesized solid adsorbents were used in both static and dynamic adsorption processes to remove Pb2+, with varying application parameters such as pH, starting concentration, adsorbent dosage, and shaking time in the case of static adsorption method. While through the column adsorption process the effects of column bed height, flow rate, and starting Pb2+ were taken into consideration. Results of the batch adsorption demonstrated that MGO had the highest Langmuir adsorption capacity (201.5 mg/g), and the adsorption fit the nonlinear Langmuir adsorption model and Elovich kinetic models. The adsorption of Pb2+ onto all prepared solid materials is endothermic, spontaneous, and physical in nature, as demonstrated by thermodynamic studies. Column adsorption of Pb2+ well fitted by Thomas and Yoon Nelson nonlinear adsorption models. MGO showed a maximum column adsorption capacity of 168 mg/g when applying 4 cm, 15 mL/min, and 150 mg/L as bed height, flow rate, and initial Pb2+, respectively. With only a 12.6% reduction in its adsorption capacity, column regeneration showed that MGO exhibited a high degree of reusability even after five cycles of adsorption/desorption studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaad F Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Manal A Khoj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed A, Mohammed C, Mautner A, Kistow M, Chaitram P, Bismarck A, Ward K. On the performance of Sargassum-derived calcium alginate ion exchange resins for Pb 2+ adsorption: batch and packed bed applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:31224-31239. [PMID: 38632197 PMCID: PMC11096254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Driven by climate change and human activity, Sargassum blooming rates have intensified, producing copious amount of the invasive, pelagic seaweed across the Caribbean and Latin America. Battery recycling and lead-smelter wastes have heavily polluted the environment and resulted in acute lead poisoning in children through widespread heavy metal contamination particular in East Trinidad. Our study details a comprehensive investigation into the use of Sargassum (S. natans), as a potential resource-circular feedstock for the synthesis of calcium alginate beads utilized in heavy metal adsorption, both in batch and column experiments. Here, ionic cross-linking of extracted sodium alginate with calcium chloride was utilized to create functional ion-exchange beads. Given the low quality of alginates extracted from Sargassum which produce poor morphological beads, composite beads in conjunction with graphene oxide and acrylamide were used to improve fabrication. Stand-alone calcium alginate beads exhibited superior Pb2+ adsorption, with a capacity of 213 mg g-1 at 20 °C and pH 3.5, surpassing composite and commercial resins. Additives like acrylamide and graphene oxide in composite alginate resins led to a 21-40% decrease in Pb2+ adsorption due to reduced active sites. Column operations confirmed Alginate systems' practicality, with 20-24% longer operating times, 15 times lower adsorbent mass on scale-up and 206% smaller column diameters compared to commercial counterparts. Ultimately, this study advocates for Sargassum-based Alginate ion-exchange beads as a bio-based alternative in Trinidad and developing nations for dealing with heavy metal ion waste, offering superior heavy metal adsorption performance and supporting resource circularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akeem Mohammed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Chantal Mohammed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, 1180, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matika Kistow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Pooran Chaitram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keeran Ward
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering (SCAPE), University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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Cheng H, Shi W, Liu S, Wang Y, Song J, Long Y, Xiang Y, Xue Y. Adsorption of Phosphate by Two-Step Synthesis of Ceramsite from Electrolytic Manganese Residue/Dredged Sludge. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:939. [PMID: 38399190 PMCID: PMC10890683 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Carrying out research on the management of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is necessary to maintain the environment and human health. The dredged sludge (DS) and water hyacinth (WH) generated from dredging projects are potential environmental threats, and therefore suitable methods need to be found for their treatment. In this study, ceramsite was prepared by a two-step low-temperature firing method using DS and EMR as raw materials, WH as a pore-forming additive, and aluminate cement as a binder for the adsorption of phosphorus from wastewater. The optimal ratio and process parameters of the ceramsite were determined by mechanical and adsorption properties. The static adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of ceramsite dosage and solution pH on the removal of phosphorus. At the same time, dynamic adsorption experiments were designed to consider the influence of flow rate on its actual absorption effect, to explore the actual effect of ceramsite in wastewater treatment, and to derive a dynamic adsorption model that can provide technical support and theoretical guidance for environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Song Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Jia Song
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yu Long
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yuan Xiang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yongjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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Rawat S, Ahammed MM. Clay-moringa seedcake composite for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141083. [PMID: 38160948 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential of a composite prepared from kaolinite clay and moringa seedcake in removing methylene blue (MB) and acid orange-7 (AO-7) dyes from aqueous solutions using batch and column tests. The composite was modified using different chemicals during the synthesis process, and the composites were characterised using different techniques such as FTIR, SEM-EDS and XRD. Characterisation showed the presence of actively charged functional groups and porous structure on the composites prepared. Batch tests were performed to assess the effect of operating conditions such as adsorbent dosage, pH, initial dye concentration and contact time. NaOH-modified and H2SO4/NaOH-modified composites demonstrated the highest adsorption capacities for AO-7 and MB, respectively, and were selected for subsequent studies. The adsorption process of dye was best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models suggesting that the sorption of MB and AO-7 onto the composites is a heterogeneous, multilayer chemical adsorption process. Long-term fixed-column tests were conducted with the composites to assess the impact of flow rate, bed depth and initial dye concentration on the dye removal efficiency. Optimum removals of 86 and 94%, respectively at pH 2 and pH 10 were obtained for AO-7 and MB in batch tests, along with adsorption capacities of 205.65 and 230.49 mg/g for AO-7 and MB. Results from the column tests were best explained by the Clark model and the Bed Depth-Service Time model. Competing ions impacted the removal of AO-7, while no significant effect was found for MB. The composites could be reused up to four cycles without significantly affecting the adsorption capacity. The present study thus shows the potential of the composite for removal of both the dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Rawat
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India
| | - M Mansoor Ahammed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India.
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Goh KZ, Ahmad AA, Ahmad MA. ASPAD dynamic simulation and artificial neural network for atenolol adsorption in GGSWAC packed bed column. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1158-1176. [PMID: 38038911 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the dynamic simulation models provided by Aspen adsorption (ASPAD) and artificial neural network (ANN) in understanding the adsorption behavior of atenolol (ATN) on gasified Glyricidia sepium woodchips activated carbon (GGSWAC) within fixed bed columns for wastewater treatment. The findings demonstrated that increasing the bed height from 1 to 3 cm extended breakthrough and exhaustion times while enhancing adsorption capacity. Conversely, higher initial ATN concentrations resulted in shorter breakthrough and exhaustion times but increased adsorption capacity. Elevated influent flow rates reduced breakthrough and exhaustion times while maintaining constant adsorption capacity. The ASPAD software demonstrated competence in accurately modeling the crucial exhaustion points. However, there is room for enhancement in forecasting breakthrough times, as it exhibited deviations ranging from 6.52 to 239.53% when compared to the actual experimental data. ANN models in both MATLAB and Python demonstrated precise predictive abilities, with the Python model (R2 = 0.985) outperforming the MATLAB model (R2 = 0.9691). The Python ANN also exhibited superior fitting performance with lower MSE and MAE. The most influential factor was the initial ATN concentration (28.96%), followed by bed height (26.39%), influent flow rate (22.43%), and total effluent time (22.22%). The findings of this study offer an extensive comprehension of breakthrough patterns and enable accurate forecasts of column performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Zheng Goh
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Anis Atikah Ahmad
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
- Centre of Excellence, Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azmier Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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De-La-Cruz C, Trevejo-Pinedo J, Bravo F, Visurraga K, Peña-Echevarría J, Pinedo A, Rojas F, Sun-Kou MR. Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Classify Peruvian Pisco Varieties Using an Electronic Nose. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5864. [PMID: 37447715 DOI: 10.3390/s23135864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Pisco is an alcoholic beverage obtained from grape juice distillation. Considered the flagship drink of Peru, it is produced following strict and specific quality standards. In this work, sensing results for volatile compounds in pisco, obtained with an electronic nose, were analyzed through the application of machine learning algorithms for the differentiation of pisco varieties. This differentiation aids in verifying beverage quality, considering the parameters established in its Designation of Origin". For signal processing, neural networks, multiclass support vector machines and random forest machine learning algorithms were implemented in MATLAB. In addition, data augmentation was performed using a proposed procedure based on interpolation-extrapolation. All algorithms trained with augmented data showed an increase in performance and more reliable predictions compared to those trained with raw data. From the comparison of these results, it was found that the best performance was achieved with neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso De-La-Cruz
- Department of Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | | | - Fabiola Bravo
- Department of Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Karina Visurraga
- Department of Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | | | - Angela Pinedo
- Department of Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Freddy Rojas
- Department of Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - María R Sun-Kou
- Department of Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima 15088, Peru
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Chostak CL, López-Delgado A, Padilla I, Lapolli FR, Lobo-Recio MÁ. Use of a Waste-Derived Linde Type-A Immobilized in Agarose for the Remediation of Water Impacted by Coal Acid Mine Drainage at Pilot Scale. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114038. [PMID: 37297172 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new adsorbent based on an immobilized waste-derived LTA zeolite in agarose (AG) has proven to be an innovative and efficient alternative for removing metallic contaminants from water impacted by acid mine drainage (AMD) because the immobilization prevents the solubilization of the zeolite in acidic media and eases its separation from the adsorbed solution. A pilot device was developed containing slices of the sorbent material [AG (1.5%)-LTA (8%)] to be used in a treatment system under an upward continuous flow. High removals of Fe2+ (93.45%), Mn2+ (91.62%), and Al3+ (96.56%) were achieved, thus transforming river water heavily contaminated by metallic ions into water suitable for non-potable use for these parameters, according to Brazilian and/or FAO standards. Breakthrough curves were constructed and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacities (mg/g) (Fe2+, 17.42; Mn2+, 1.38; Al3+, 15.20) calculated from them. Thomas mathematical model was well fitted to the experimental data, indicating the participation of an ion-exchange mechanism in the removal of the metallic ions. The pilot-scale process studied, in addition to being highly efficient in removing metal ions at toxic levels in AMD-impacted water, is linked to the sustainability and circular economy concepts, due to the use as an adsorbent of a synthetic zeolite derived from a hazardous aluminum waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Luiz Chostak
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Academic Department of Language, Technology, Education and Science, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88020-300, SC, Brazil
| | - Aurora López-Delgado
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, IETcc, CSIC, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Padilla
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences, IETcc, CSIC, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Flávio Rubens Lapolli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - María Ángeles Lobo-Recio
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá 88906-072, SC, Brazil
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Selvan BR, Suneesh AS, Ramanathan N. Diglycolamic acid coated cation exchange adsorbent for uranium removal by extraction chromatography. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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9
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Agi A, Junin R, Jaafar MZ, Majid ZA, Amin NAS, Sidek MA, Yakasai F, Zaini MAA, Faizal ANM, Gbadamosi A, Sirajo L, Oseh J. Dynamic stabilization of formation fines to enhance oil recovery of a medium permeability sandstone core at reservoir conditions. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Comparative Studies of RSM, RSM–GA and ANFILS for Modeling and Optimization of Naphthalene Adsorption on Chitosan–CTAB–Sodium Bentonite Clay Matrix. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE & PROCESS ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.33736/jaspe.4749.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article was to compare the predictive abilities of the optimization techniques of response surface methodology (RSM), the hybrid of RSM–genetic algorithm (RSM–GA) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference logic system (ANFILS) for design responses of % removal of naphthalene and adsorption capacity of the synthesized composite nanoparticles of chitosan–cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)–sodium bentonite clay. The process variables considered were surfactant concentration, , activation time, , activation temperature, , and chitosan dosage, . The ANFILS models showed better modeling abilities of the adsorption data on the synthesized composite adsorbent than those of ANN for reason of lower % mean absolute deviation, lower % error value, higher coefficient of determination, , amongst others and lower error functions’ values than those obtained using ANN for both responses. When applied RSM, the hybrid of RSM–genetic algorithm (RSM–GA) and ANFILS 3–D surface pot optimization technique to determine the optimal conditions for both responses, ANFILS was adjudged the best. The ANFILS predicted optimal conditions were = 116.00 mg/L, = 2.06 h, = 81.2oC and = 5.20 g. Excellent agreements were achieved between the predicted responses of 99.055% removal of naphthalene and 248.6375 mg/g adsorption capacity and their corresponding experimental values of 99.020% and 248.86 mg/g with % errors of -0.0353 and 0.0894 respectively. Hence, in this study, ANFILS has been successfully used to model and optimize the conditions for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, especially naphthalene and is hereby recommended for such and similar studies.
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Manna A, Naskar N, Sen K, Banerjee K. A review on adsorption mediated phosphate removal and recovery by biomatrices. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Enhanced Removal of Bordeaux B and Red G Dyes Used in Alpaca Wool Dying from Water Using Iron-Modified Activated Carbon. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14152321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to explore the removal of Red G and Bordeaux B dyes from water using a packed bed column with conventional carbon (C‐conv) and iron‐modified activated carbon (C–FeCl3). The bands increased in C–FeCl3, corresponding to groups already existing in C‐conv, such as C = C and C‐C, and the appearance of new groups, such as C‐O, C‐Cl, Fe‐Cl and Fe‐O. The total ash content (CT) was CT = (10.53 ± 0.12 and 8.98 ± 0.21)% for C‐conv and C–FeCl3, respectively. A molecular structure in the shape of a cross was noticed in Bordeaux B, which was less complex and smaller than the one in Red G. For fixed‐bed columns, the carbon fraction was (0.43 and 0.85) mm. The pH of the adsorbents was 8.55 for C‐conv and 4.14 for C–FeCl3. Breakthrough curves were obtained and the Thomas model (TM) and Yoon–Nelson model (YNM) were applied. The sorption capacity of Bordeaux B on C‐conv and C–FeCl3 was 𝑞TH: (237.88 and 216.21) mg/g, respectively, but the one of Red G was 𝑞TH: (338.46 and 329.42) mg/g. The dye removal (RT) was over 55%.
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Bai S, Li J, Ding W, Chen S, Ya R. Removal of boron by a modified resin in fixed bed column: Breakthrough curve analysis using dynamic adsorption models and artificial neural network model. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134021. [PMID: 35189189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Continuous removal of toxic element boron from aqueous solution was investigated with new phenolic hydroxyl modified resin (T-resin) using a fixed bed column reactor operated under various flow rates, bed height and influent concentrations. The breakthrough time, exhaustion time and uptake capacity of the column bed increased with increasing column bed height, whereas decreased with increasing influent flow rate. The breakthrough time and exhaustion time decreased, but uptake capacity increased with increasing influent concentration, and actual uptake capacity was obtained as 6.52 mg/g at a concentration of 7.64 mg/L. The three conventional models of bed depth service time (BDST), Thomas and Yoon-Nelson were used to appropriately predict the whole breakthrough behavior of the column and to estimate the characteristic model parameters for boron removal. However, artificial neural network (ANN) model was more accurate than the conventional models with the least relative error and the highest correlation coefficients. By the relative importance of the operational parameters obtained from ANN model, the sequence is as follows: total effluent time > initial concentration > flow rate > column height. The adsorption capacity of boron was changed between 5.24 and 1.74 mg/g during the five time regeneration. From the life factor calculation, it is suggested that the column bed could avoid the breakthrough time of t = 0 for 6.8 cycles, whereas, the uptake capacity would be zero after 7.8 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Bai
- Green Intelligence Environmental School, Yangtze Normal University, No. 16 Juxian Road, Fuling, Chongqing, 408100, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wei Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuxuan Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Ru Ya
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
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Moazeni M, Hashemian SM, Sillanpää M, Ebrahimi A, Kim KH. A heterogeneous peroxymonosulfate catalyst built by Fe-based metal-organic framework for the dye degradation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 303:113897. [PMID: 34883303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory control on dyes is an important issue, as their discharge into the environment can pose significant risks to human health. MIL-101(Fe) prepared by a solvothermal method was used as a catalyst to generate sulfate (SO4•-) and hydroxyl (HO•) radicals from peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the treatment of orange G (OG). The structural properties of MIL-101(Fe) were assessed by a number of characterization approaches (e.g., Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). The factors controlling the removal of OG were explored by a response surface methodology with central composite design (RSM-CCD) plus adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The synthetized MIL-101(Fe) had uniform octahedral nanocrystals with rough surfaces and porous structures. The maximum catalytic removal efficiency of OG with MIL-101(Fe)/PMS process was 74% (the final concentration of Fe2+ as 0.19 mg/L and reaction rate of 434.2 μmol/g/h). The catalytic removal of OG could be defined by the non-linear kinetic models based on RSM. The OG removal efficiency declined noticeably with the addition of radical scavengers such as ethanol (EtOH) and tert-butanol (TBA) along with some mineral anions. Accordingly, MIL-101(Fe)/PMS is identified as an effective remediation option for the dyes based on advanced oxidation process (AOPs) based on high treatment efficiency at low dosage of low cost catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Moazeni
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehran Hashemian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Afshin Ebrahimi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Enhanced Defluoridation of Water Using Zirconium-Coated Pumice in Fixed-Bed Adsorption Columns. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206145. [PMID: 34683738 PMCID: PMC8540653 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Millions of people across the globe suffer from health issues related to high fluoride levels in drinking water. The purpose of this study was to test modified pumice as an adsorbent for the purification of fluoride-containing waters. The adsorption of fluoride onto zirconium-coated pumice (Zr–Pu) adsorbent was examined in fixed-bed adsorption columns. The coating of zirconium on the surface of VPum was revealed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-EOS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The degree of surface modification with the enhanced porosity of Zr–Pu was evident from the recorded scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis confirmed the enhancement of the specific surface area of VPum after modification. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) examinations of VPum and Zr–Pu before and after adsorption did not reveal any significant spectrum changes. The pH drift method showed that VPum and Zr–Pu have positive charges at pHPZC lower than 7.3 and 6.5, respectively. Zr–Pu yielded a higher adsorption capacity of 225 mg/kg (2.05 times the adsorption capacity of VPum: 110 mg/kg), at pH = 2 and volumetric flow rate (QO) of 1.25 mL/min. Breakthrough time increases with decreasing pH and flow rate. The experimental adsorption data was well-matched by the Thomas and Adams-Bohart models with correlation coefficients (R2) of ≥ 0.980 (Zr–Pu) and ≥ 0.897 (VPum), confirming that both models are suitable tools to design fixed-bed column systems using volcanic rock materials. Overall, coating pumice with zirconium improved the defluoridation capacity of pumice; hence, a Zr–Pu-packed fixed-bed can be applied for defluoridation of excess fluoride from groundwater. However, additional investigations on, for instance, the influences of competing ions are advisable to draw explicit conclusions.
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Fixed-Bed Column Technique for the Removal of Phosphate from Water Using Leftover Coal. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195466. [PMID: 34639864 PMCID: PMC8509130 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The excessive discharge of phosphate from anthropogenic activities is a primary cause for the eutrophication of aquatic habitats. Several methodologies have been tested for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions, and adsorption in a flow-through reactor is an effective mechanism to reduce the nutrient loading of water. This research aimed to investigate the adsorption potential of leftover coal material to remove phosphate from a solution by using continuous flow fixed-bed column, and analyzes the obtained breakthrough curves. A series of column tests were performed to determine the phosphorus breakthrough characteristics by varying operational design parameters such as adsorbent bed height (5 to 8 cm), influent phosphate concentration (10–25 mg/L), and influent flow rate (1–2 mL/min). The amorphous and crystalline property of leftover coal material was studied using XRD technology. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the interaction of adsorption sites with phosphate ions. Breakthrough time decreased with increasing flow rate and influent phosphate concentration, but increased with increasing adsorbent bed height. Breakthrough-curve analysis showed that phosphate adsorption onto the leftover coal material was most effective at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, influent phosphate concentration of 25 mg/L, and at a bed height of 8 cm. The maximal total phosphate adsorbed onto the coal material’s surface was 243 mg/kg adsorbent. The Adams–Bohart model depicted the experimental breakthrough curve well, and overall performed better than the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models did, with correlation values (R2) ranging from 0.92 to 0.98. Lastly, leftover coal could be used in the purification of phosphorus-laden water, and the Adams–Bohart model can be employed to design filter units at a technical scale.
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Improvement of Phosphate Adsorption Kinetics onto Ferric Hydroxide by Size Reduction. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ball milling and ultra-sonication size reduction procedures were applied to granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) to obtain two micro-sized adsorbents. These two adsorbents and GFH were investigated to improve the removal of phosphates from water. The size reduction procedures, using the milling method, allowed a reduction of size from 0.5–2 mm to 0.1–2 µm and total disaggregation of the GFH structure. Using an ultra-sonication method yielded a final size of 1.9–50.3 µm with partial disaggregation. The Langmuir model correlated well with the isotherms obtained in batch equilibrium tests for the three adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for the milled adsorbent was lower than GFH, but using ultra-sonication was not different from GFH. The equilibrium adsorption of two wastewater samples with phosphate and other anions onto the GFH corresponded well with the expected removal, showing that potential interferences in the isotherms were not important. Batch kinetics tests indicated that the pseudo second-order model fitted the data. Long-term adsorption capacity in kinetics (qe) showed the same trend described for qmax. The application of milling and ultra-sonication methods showed 3.5- and 5.6-fold increases of the kinetic constant (k2) versus the GFH value, respectively. These results showed that ultra-sonication is a very good procedure to increase the adsorption rate of phosphate, maintaining qe and increasing k2.
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Sorption Properties of Specific Polymeric Microspheres towards Desethyl-Terbuthylazine and 2-Hydroxy-Terbuthylazine: Batch and Column Studies. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112734. [PMID: 34067244 PMCID: PMC8196812 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the sorption properties of poly(divinylbenzene) modified in the Diels–Alder reaction towards persistent and mobile metabolites of terbuthylazine. The batch experiments were carried out to examine the efficiency of desethyl-terbuthylazine and 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine adsorption on the specific adsorbent and the impact of different factors on the adsorption process. Results fit well to a pseudo-second order kinetic model. It was confirmed that hydrogen bonds play an important role in the studied systems. Five times greater sorption of 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine than desethyl-terbuthylazine was observed. The molecular structures of both metabolites exhibit complementarity to the arrangement of functional groups in the polymer but the differences in the physicochemical properties of the desethyl derivative make it a highly mobile compound with higher affinity to the aqueous phase. The equilibrium data in the batch study fit the Freundlich isotherm for 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, and for desethyl-terbuthylazine the Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models were better. The adsorption capacities obtained under dynamic conditions were comparable with batch results. For column adsorption modeling the Bohart–Adams, Wolborska, Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models were used. The proposed microspheres can be reused easily with no significant decrease in adsorption capacity by using ethanol as eluent in the desorption.
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Dehghani MH, Gholami S, Karri RR, Lima EC, Mahvi AH, Nazmara S, Fazlzadeh M. Process modeling, characterization, optimization, and mechanisms of fluoride adsorption using magnetic agro-based adsorbent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112173. [PMID: 33618321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, fluoride removal from polluted potable water using magnetic carbon-based adsorbents derived from agricultural biomass was thoroughly investigated. An experimental matrix is designed considering the interactive effects of independent process variables (pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and initial fluoride concentration) on the removal efficiency. Isotherms and kinetics studies, as well as anions interactions, were also investigated to understand the adsorption mechanisms further. The model parameters of isotherms and kinetics are estimated using nonlinear differential evolution optimization (DEO). Approaches like adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and response surface methodology (RSM) are implemented to predict the fluoride removal and identify the optimal process values. The optimum removal efficiency of GAC-Fe3O4 (89.34%) was found to be higher than that of PAC-Fe3O4 (85.14%). Kinetics experiments indicated that they follow the intraparticle diffusion model, and adsorption isotherms indicated that they follow Langmuir and Freundlich models. Both PAC-Fe3O4 and GAC-Fe3O4 adsorbents have shown an adsorption capacity of 1.20 and 2.74 mg/g, respectively. The model predictions from ANFIS have a strong correlation with experimental results and superior to RSM predictions. The shape of the contours depicts the nonlinearity of the interactive effects and the mechanisms in the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Solmaz Gholami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Eder C Lima
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology and Analytical Chemistry (Latama), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Postal Box 15003, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fazlzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Iheanacho OC, Nwabanne JT, Obi CC, Onu CE. Packed bed column adsorption of phenol onto corn cob activated carbon: linear and nonlinear kinetics modeling. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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