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Aljarousha M, Badarudin NE, Che Azemin MZ, Aljeesh Y, Amer A, Abdul Rahim MAS. The validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire in a sample of the Gazan population: a study from Palestine. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 43:1303-1316. [PMID: 36156181 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an Arabic version of OSDI for the Gazan population. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a convenience sample technique. The translation procedure included five stages: forward translation, revision of translation, backward translation, refinement of translation, and a final test of the pre-final version. The final sets of questionnaires were constructed using an online JotForm platform. The online platform was chosen to automatically calculate the questionnaire's final overall score. Overall, 260 participants were instructed to fill out the English and the Arab-OSDI version twice to conduct the reliability of the translated version and repeatability evaluation. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 33.45 ± 11.74 years old. Cronbach's alpha for all items was greater than 0.80, except for the "blurred vision" and "deteriorating vision" items (0.77 and 0.74, respectively). The mean overall score difference between the English-OSDI and Arab-OSDI was 0.86 based on the Bland-Altman chart. For repeatability, no significant difference in the overall scores between the two repeats of the Arab-OSDI (p = 0.632). The Arab-OSDI overall score (sessions 1 and 2) has a clinical difference (bias) of 0.21. Using the varimax rotation method, only three factors (ocular symptoms, vision-related function, and environmental triggers) had eigenvalues greater than one in the structure of the Arab-OSDI. CONCLUSION The Arab-OSDI is an appropriate, reliable, and repeatable tool for the determination of dry eye symptoms, ocular discomfort, and quality of life in the Gazan population. This version could remove the language barrier in answering OSDI items more easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aljarousha
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, Islamic University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
- Department of Optometry, European Gaza Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Noor Ezailina Badarudin
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Yousef Aljeesh
- College of Nursing, Islamic University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Abuimara Amer
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, Islamic University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Muhammad Afzam Shah Abdul Rahim
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Singh S, McGuinness MB, Anderson AJ, Downie LE. Interventions for the management of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 2022; 129:1192-1215. [PMID: 35597519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
TOPIC To evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventions for treating eye strain related to computer use relative to placebo or no treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Computer use is pervasive and often associated with eye strain, referred to as "computer vision syndrome" (CVS). Currently, there are no clinical guidelines to help practitioners provide evidence-based advice about CVS treatments, many of which are directly marketed to patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis will help inform best practice for eye care providers. METHODS Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified in Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and trial registries, searched from inception to November 23, 2021. Eligible studies were appraised for risk of bias, and synthesized. The certainty of the body of evidence was judged using GRADE. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used when differently scaled measures were combined. RESULTS Forty-five RCTs, involving 4497 participants, were included. Multifocal lenses did not improve visual fatigue scores compared to single-vision lenses (three RCTs, SMD: 0.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.14 to 0.37; p=0.38). Visual fatigue symptoms were not reduced by blue-blocking spectacles (three RCTs), with evidence judged to be of low certainty. Relative to placebo, oral berry extract supplementation for 4 to 12 weeks did not improve visual fatigue (seven RCTs, SMD: -0.27; 95%CI -0.70 to 0.16; p=0.22), and dry eye symptoms (four RCTs, SMD: -0.10; 95%CI -0.54 to 0.33; p=0.65). Likewise, berry extract supplementation had no effect on critical flicker-fusion frequency (CFF) or accommodative amplitude. Oral omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for 45 days to 3 months improved dry eye symptoms (two RCTs, mean difference, MD: -3.36 units out of 18; 95%CI -3.63 to -3.10; p<0.00001) relative to placebo. Oral carotenoid supplementation improved CFF (two RCTs, MD: 1.55 Hz; 95%CI 0.42 to 2.67; p=0.007) relative to placebo, although the clinical significance of this finding is unclear. CONCLUSIONS We found no high certainty evidence supporting the use of any of the therapies analyzed. There was low certainty evidence that oral omega-3 supplementation reduces dry eye symptoms in symptomatic computer users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeer Singh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010
| | - Myra B McGuinness
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Australia 3010
| | - Andrew J Anderson
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010.
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Chen ST, Tung HC, Chen YT, Tien CL, Yeh CW, Lian JS, Cheng CY. The influence of contact lenses with different optical designs on the binocular vision and visual behavior of young adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6573. [PMID: 35449200 PMCID: PMC9023515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretically, contact lenses change the accommodation and vergence demands of the eyes and directly or indirectly influence binocular vision. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different optical designs of contact lenses on binocular vision and visual behavior among young adults. In this randomized, single-blinded experimental study, visual behavioral performance (VBP) and Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaires were used for preliminary screening. Nineteen myopic subjects aged 20-26 years (21.59 ± 1.40 years) participated in the study. Baseline values for subjective refraction and binocular visual functions were evaluated. All the subjects were randomly grouped to wear different optical designs of single-vision, progressive, and bifocal contact lenses. Eye examinations were performed on the first day (CL baseline), 2nd week, and 4th week of wearing the lenses. In addition, subjects completed the VBP and visual quality questionnaire again at the end of the examination. Single-vision contact lenses (Lens 1) increased accommodative lag, negative relative accommodation, and distant and near vergence; however, vergence facilities, accommodative facilities, heterophoria, and the comfort and posture balance dimensions in the VBP questionnaire were improved. Progressive contact lenses (Lens 2) reduced the lag of accommodation and near vergence; in addition, vergence facilities and accommodative facilities were also improved. Bifocal contact lenses (Lens 3) affected negative and positive relative accommodation, but vergence facilities and accommodative facilities also progressed. Furthermore, both progressive (Lens 2) and bifocal (Lens 3) contact lenses enhanced overall visual behavioral performance. In terms of visual quality, single-vision contact lenses (Lens 1) were the most comfortable, progressive and bifocal contact lenses reduced distant visual acuity and stability, progressive contact lenses (Lens 2) had more complaints about halos at night, and bifocal contact lens (Lens 3) users were more likely to have double vision. Compared with single-vision contact lenses, progressive and bifocal contact lenses relaxed accommodation, reduced the lag of accommodation, and improved visual behavioral performance. Although the vergence function showed a significant change, it did not show worse trends when wearing contact lenses. Contact lenses with different optical designs have a great influence on binocular vision and visual behavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyan-Tarng Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Lin Tien
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yeh
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Sin Lian
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Cheng
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Gifford KL, Schmid KL, Collins JM, Maher CB, Makan R, Nguyen E, Parmenter GB, Rolls BM, Zhang XS, Atchison DA. Multifocal contact lens design, not addition power, affects accommodation responses in young adult myopes. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 41:1346-1354. [PMID: 34605581 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prolonged nearwork has been implicated in myopia progression. Accommodation responses of young-adult myopes wearing different multifocal contact lenses were compared. METHODS Twenty adults, 18-25 years, with myopia (spherical equivalent refraction -0.50 to -5.50 D, mean -2.1 ± 1.6 D) wore five lens types in random order: Proclear single vision distance (SV), MiSight concentric dual-focus +2.00 D Add (MS), Biofinity aspheric centre distance +1.50 D Add (CD1) and +2.50 D Add (CD2) (all Coopervision), and NaturalVue aspheric (Visioneering Technologies) (NVue). Using a Grand-Seiko WAN-5500 autorefractor with binocular correction and viewing right eye accommodative responses were measured after a 10 min adaptation period at 4.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.33 and 0.25 m distances. Dynamic measurements were taken for 4 s at 6 Hz. Accommodative stimuli and responses were referenced to 4 m (i.e., refraction differences between 4 m and nearer distances). Accommodation lags and refraction instabilities (standard deviations of dynamic responses) were determined. For comparison, results were obtained for an absolute presbyopic eye, where trial lenses counteracted the accommodation stimulus. RESULTS For SV and MS, accommodation responses were similar to the stimulus values. For aspheric lenses CD1, CD2 and NVue, accommodation responses were approximately 1.0 D lower across the stimulus range than with SV and MS, and rates of change were approximately 0.84 D per 1 D stimulus change. MS produced greater refraction instabilities than other lenses. For the presbyope, changes in refraction matched the trial lenses, indicating that corrections due to measurement through the different lenses were not needed. CONCLUSION Reductions in accommodation response occurred in young myopes wearing aspheric multifocal contact lenses independent of the labelled 'add' power. The concentric dual-focus MS lens produced minimal lags but had greater instability than the other lenses. The results indicate that the mechanism of multifocal contact lenses slowing myopia progression is unlikely to be through relaxing accommodation, at least in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Gifford
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina L Schmid
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josh M Collins
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clare B Maher
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Riya Makan
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Evonne Nguyen
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gemma B Parmenter
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bronte M Rolls
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xinyue S Zhang
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Atchison
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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