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Markoulli M, Fricke TR, Arvind A, Frick KD, Hart KM, Joshi MR, Kandel H, Filipe Macedo A, Makrynioti D, Retallic N, Garcia-Porta N, Shrestha G, Wolffsohn JS. BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia: Epidemiology and impact. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102157. [PMID: 38594155 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The global all-ages prevalence of epidemiologically-measured 'functional' presbyopia was estimated at 24.9% in 2015, affecting 1.8 billion people. This prevalence was projected to stabilise at 24.1% in 2030 due to increasing myopia, but to affect more people (2.1 billion) due to population dynamics. Factors affecting the prevalence of presbyopia include age, geographic location, urban versus rural location, sex, and, to a lesser extent, socioeconomic status, literacy and education, health literacy and inequality. Risk factors for early onset of presbyopia included environmental factors, nutrition, near demands, refractive error, accommodative dysfunction, medications, certain health conditions and sleep. Presbyopia was found to impact on quality-of-life, in particular quality of vision, labour force participation, work productivity and financial burden, mental health, social wellbeing and physical health. Current understanding makes it clear that presbyopia is a very common age-related condition that has significant impacts on both patient-reported outcome measures and economics. However, there are complexities in defining presbyopia for epidemiological and impact studies. Standardisation of definitions will assist future synthesis, pattern analysis and sense-making between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Markoulli
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
| | - Timothy R Fricke
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Melbourne, Australia; National Vision Research Institute, Australian College of Optometry, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anitha Arvind
- Department of Optometry, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, India
| | - Kevin D Frick
- Johns Hopkins Carey Business School, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Departments of International Health and Health Policy and Management, USA; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, USA
| | - Kerryn M Hart
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia; Member Support and Optometry Advancement, Optometry Australia, Australia
| | - Mahesh R Joshi
- School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Himal Kandel
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia; Sydney Eye Hospital, Australia
| | - Antonio Filipe Macedo
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden; Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities, School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Neil Retallic
- Specsavers Optical Group, La Villiaze, St. Andrew's, Guernsey, United Kingdom; School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Nery Garcia-Porta
- Applied Physics Department, Optics and Optometry Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Materials (iMATUS) of the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gauri Shrestha
- Optometry Department, BPK Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Nepal
| | - James S Wolffsohn
- School of Optometry, Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Morgan PB, Efron N, Papas E, Barnett M, Carnt N, Dutta D, Hepworth A, Little JA, Nagra M, Pult H, Schweizer H, Shen Lee B, Subbaraman LN, Sulley A, Thompson A, Webster A, Markoulli M. BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia: Management with contact lenses and spectacles. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102158. [PMID: 38631935 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This paper seeks to outline the history, market situation, clinical management and product performance related to the correction of presbyopia with both contact lenses and spectacles. The history of the development of various optical forms of presbyopic correction are reviewed, and an overview is presented of the current market status of contact lenses and spectacles. Clinical considerations in the fitting and aftercare of presbyopic contact lens and spectacle lens wearers are presented, with general recommendations for best practice. Current options for contact lens correction of presbyopia include soft simultaneous, rigid translating and rigid simultaneous designs, in addition to monovision. Spectacle options include single vision lenses, bifocal lenses and a range of progressive addition lenses. The comparative performance of both contact lens and spectacle lens options is presented. With a significant proportion of the global population now being presbyopic, this overview is particularly timely and is designed to act as a guide for researchers, industry and eyecare practitioners alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Nathan Efron
- Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eric Papas
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Nicole Carnt
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Debarun Dutta
- Optometry and Vision Science Research Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Hepworth
- EssilorLuxottica Europe North, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Julie-Anne Little
- Centre for Optometry and Vision Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Manbir Nagra
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, ARU, Young Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult - Optometry and Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | - Helmer Schweizer
- CEO Helmer Schweizer Consulting Group (HSCG), Bassersdorf, Switzerland
| | - Bridgitte Shen Lee
- Vision Optique and Ocular Aesthetics dba Ocular Clinical Trials, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Anna Sulley
- CooperVision International Ltd, Chandlers Ford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Maria Markoulli
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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3
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Naroo SA, Wolffsohn JS, Morgan PB. BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia - Current learning evidence academic reports. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102254. [PMID: 39098808 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - James S Wolffsohn
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, UK
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Esteban-Ibañez E, Montagud-Martínez D, Sawides L, Zaytouny A, de Castro A, Sisó-Fuertes I, Barcala X, Piñero DP, Furlan WD, Dorronsoro C, Gambra E. Simulation of daily soft multifocal contact lenses using SimVis Gekko: from in-vitro and computational characterization to clinical validation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8592. [PMID: 38615153 PMCID: PMC11016090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Multifocal contact lenses (MCLs) are one of the solutions to correct presbyopia, but their adoption is not widespread. To address this situation, visual simulators can be used to refine the adaptation process. This study aims to obtain accurate simulations for a visual simulator (SimVis Gekko; 2EyesVision) of daily soft MCL designs from four manufacturers. In-vitro characterization of these MCLs-several powers and additions- was obtained using NIMO TR-1504. From the averaged relative power profiles across powers, phase maps were reconstructed and the Through-Focus Visual Strehl metric was calculated for each MCL design. The SimVis Gekko simulation corresponding to each MCL design was obtained computationally and bench-validated. Finally, the MCL simulations were clinically validated involving presbyopic patients. The clinical validation results show a good agreement between the SimVis Gekko simulations and the real MCLs for through-focus visual acuity (TF-VA) curves and VA at three real distances. All MCL designs showed a partial correlation higher than 0.90 and a Root Mean Square Error below 0.07 logMAR between the TF-VA of simulations and Real MCLs across subjects. The validity of the simulation approach using SimVis Gekko and in-vitro measurements was confirmed in this study, opening the possibility to accelerate the adaptation of MCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Esteban-Ibañez
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Optics 'Daza de Valdés', Spanish National Research Council, IO-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diego Montagud-Martínez
- Centro de Tecnologías Físicas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Óptica y Optometría y Ciencias de la Visión, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucie Sawides
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Optics 'Daza de Valdés', Spanish National Research Council, IO-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amal Zaytouny
- Institute of Optics 'Daza de Valdés', Spanish National Research Council, IO-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto de Castro
- Institute of Optics 'Daza de Valdés', Spanish National Research Council, IO-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Sisó-Fuertes
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xoana Barcala
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - David P Piñero
- Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Walter D Furlan
- Departamento de Óptica y Optometría y Ciencias de la Visión, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Dorronsoro
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Optics 'Daza de Valdés', Spanish National Research Council, IO-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gambra
- 2EyesVision SL, Plaza de la Encina, 10, Nucleo 3, Planta 4ª, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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Lazon de la Jara P, Sulley A, Pepe P, Walsh K, Guillon M. Multifocal contact lens success predictability. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102105. [PMID: 38216392 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current multi-study analysis combined data from three studies to quantify the relationship between the initial reaction to soft multifocal contact lens (MFCL) design types at dispensing and evaluate the predictability of overall vision satisfaction (OVS) and intention to purchase (ITP) after 1 week of wear. METHOD Three prospective studies tested MFCLs over 1-week of wear following the same protocol, using a range of potentially predictive ratings at dispensing, and both OVS and ITP at 1-week as an indicator acceptance level. In each study, two of MyDay® multifocal, clariti® 1 day multifocal, Biofinity® multifocal (worn as a daily disposable lens) or 1 DAY ACUVUE® MOIST MULTIFOCAL were dispensed for 1-week of daily wear. OVS was recorded on a 100-point VAS and ITP on a 5-point LIKERT scale. Fourteen possible predictors were entered in the statistical model, and predictability was assessed using Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) statistical test. RESULTS A total of 210 participants (152 female & 58 male; 53.9 ± 6.5 years, range 41-71 years), representing 420 MFCL fits, equally distributed between emergent n = 65, established n = 70 and advanced n = 75 presbyopes, completed the studies. OVS on dispensing was the predictor of both OVS (p < 0.001) and ITP (p < 0.001) at 1-week. For OVS predictability, 70.8 % with OVS at dispensing > 91 points reported good OVS at 1-week and 73.4 % with OVS on dispensing ≤ 80 points reported poor OVS at 1-week. For ITP predictability, 74.6 % with OVS at dispensing > 94 points reported a positive ITP at 1-week and 65.9 % with OVS on dispensing ≤ 63 points reported negative ITP at 1-week. CONCLUSION Overall vision satisfaction at the time of dispensing MFCLs is a powerful indicator of both OVS and ITP after 1-week of wear. Initial patient subjective assessments provide a clinically useful indicator of the likeliness of success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Sulley
- CooperVision International Ltd, 36 School Lane, Chandlers Ford, Eastleigh SO53 4LY, UK.
| | - Pasquale Pepe
- Ocular Technology Group International, London, UK. 66 Buckingham Gate, London SW1E 6AU, UK.
| | - Karen Walsh
- CooperVision, Inc., 6101 Bollinger Canyon Rd, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA.
| | - Michel Guillon
- Ocular Technology Group International, London, UK. 66 Buckingham Gate, London SW1E 6AU, UK.
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Ma H, Lin M, Zhao J, Xu Y, Miao L, Shao X, Xu Z, Qu J, Lu F, Hu L. The influence of eyelid pressure and eye contour factors on rigid corneal contact lens fitting. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102120. [PMID: 38195311 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the impact of eyelid pressure (ELP) and eye contour factors on rigid corneal contact lens fitting. METHODS This prospective cross-sectional study involved 20 participants (one eye per person). Rigid corneal contact lenses with three different base curves were selected for each participant. The base curves were calculated according to the average keratometry value. The original value and its variations (+0.1 mm and - 0.1 mm) were considered. Eye contour factors, lens decentration under natural eye position (LD I) and full eyelid exposure (LD II), and lens vertical movement were taken by a Canon camera mounted on a digital slit lamp biomicroscope. Upper and lower ELPs were measured by a novel blepharo-tensiometer. RESULTS The mean values of LD I, LD II, and lens vertical movement significantly increased as the base curve increased (P<0.001, <0.001, and = 0.005). Upper ELP was positively correlated with lens vertical movement of the three base curves (P = 0.047, 0.001, and 0.004). Furthermore, upper ELP (odds ratio [OR]: 1.039; 95 % confidence [CI]: 1.009-1.069; P = 0.009) and flat keratometry values (OR: 0.873; 95 % CI: 0.786-0.969; P = 0.011) independently influenced lens vertical movement. CONCLUSIONS ELP and base curve independently influenced rigid corneal contact lens fitting. Thus, ELP should be considered during rigid corneal contact lens fitting in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Miao
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Shao
- The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Qu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fan Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Martínez-Plaza E, Molina-Martín A, Piñero DP. Reliability and Agreement of Keratometry Measurements Obtained With Eye Surface Profilometry and Partial Coherence Interferometry. Cornea 2024; 43:343-348. [PMID: 37487176 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of keratometry parameters obtained using the Eye Surface Profiler (ESP) system and their agreement with the IOL Master 500 device. METHODS Seventy-one eyes of 71 healthy participants were evaluated. Three repeated measurements were performed using the ESP system. Simulated keratometry in the flat (SimKf) and steep (SimKs) meridians, astigmatism, and axis were obtained. The same parameters were measured using the IOL Master 500 device. The J0 and J45 vector components of the astigmatism were calculated. The intrasession repeatability was analyzed using within-subject SD (Sw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Agreement was assessed using paired statistical tests and the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS The Sw was 0.07 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.51 D, 0.33 D, and 0.22 D, and the ICC was 0.96, 0.98, 0.74, 0.61, and 0.55 for SimKf, SimKs, astigmatism, J0, and J45, respectively. The mean difference and limits of agreement when comparing the ESP system with the IOL Master 500 device were 0.37 mm (0.08/0.66) for SimKf ( P < 0.001), 0.18 mm (0.00/0.35) for SimKs ( P < 0.001), -0.93 D (-2.42/0.56) for astigmatism ( P < 0.001), 0.51 D (-0.22/1.24) for J0 ( P < 0.001), and 0.06 D (-0.48/0.60) for J45 ( P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS The ESP system provides consistent values for simulated keratometry, showing moderate consistency for astigmatism parameters. Contact lens practitioners should be aware that the ESP system and IOL Master 500 device provide different simulated keratometry from a clinically viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martínez-Plaza
- Group of Optics and Visual Perception, Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; and
| | - Ainhoa Molina-Martín
- Group of Optics and Visual Perception, Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - David P Piñero
- Group of Optics and Visual Perception, Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vithas Medimar International Hospital, Alicante, Spain
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Wolffsohn JS. 2022 Glenn A. Fry Award lecture: Enhancing clinical assessment for improved ophthalmic management. Optom Vis Sci 2024; 101:12-24. [PMID: 38350054 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Detailed clinical assessment is critical to allow sensitive evaluation of the eye and its management. As technology advances, these assessment techniques can be adapted and refined to improve the detection of pathological changes of ocular tissue and their impact on visual function. Enhancements in optical medical devices including spectacle, contact, and intraocular lenses have allowed for a better understanding of the mechanism and amelioration of presbyopia and myopia control. Advancements in imaging technology have enabled improved quantification of the tear film and ocular surface, informing diagnosis and treatment strategies. Miniaturized electronics, large processing power, and in-built sensors in smartphones and tablets capacitate more portable assessment tools for clinicians, facilitate self-monitoring and treatment compliance, and aid communication with patients. This article gives an overview of how technology has been used in many areas of eye care to improve assessments and treatment and provides a snapshot of some of my studies validating and using technology to inform better evidence-based patient management.
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Vianya-Estopa M, Ghorbani-Mojarrad N, Huntjens B, Garcia-Porta N, Piñero DP, Nagra M, Terry L, Dutta D, Wolffsohn J, Joshi M, Martin E, Maldonado-Codina C. Current approaches to soft contact lens handling training - Global perspectives. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:102068. [PMID: 37919220 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE All neophyte contact lens wearers require training on how to handle contact lenses. Currently, almost no published information exists describing the most common approaches used by those involved in such training in soft contact lens wearers. This study aimed to gather information on the approaches taken by those conducting this training worldwide. METHODS An online survey was created in English and translated to Spanish and distributed internationally via social media, conference attendees, and professional contacts. The anonymous survey included information on workplace setting of respondents, information about the typical approaches used for application and removal of soft contact lenses, length of the appointment, and success rate with their approach. Survey responses were received between May 2021 and April 2022. RESULTS A total of 511 individuals completed the survey and responses were received from 31 countries with 48.7% from the UK. The most common approach taught for application was to have the patient hold the upper eyelashes (84.7%) and to hold the lower eyelid with the same hand as the lens (89.4%). Lenses were applied directly to the cornea by 57.7% of the respondents. The most common approach taught for lens removal was to drag the lens inferiorly from the cornea prior to removal (49.3%). Most respondents did not use videos to aid the teaching appointment (62.0%); however, they felt that their approach was successful in most cases (90). Application and removal training sessions lasted a median of 30 min and contact lenses were typically dispensed after the instructor witnessing successful application and removal three times. CONCLUSION Various methods are adopted globally for training of application and removal of soft contact lenses, with many advising a patient-specific approach is required for success. The results of this survey provide novel insights into soft contact lens handling training in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vianya-Estopa
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom; Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Byki Huntjens
- Centre for Applied Vision Research, School of Health Sciences, City University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nery Garcia-Porta
- Department of Applied Physics. Faculty of Optics and Optometry. University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Materials of the University of Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Spain
| | - David P Piñero
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manbir Nagra
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Terry
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Debarun Dutta
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Wolffsohn
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh Joshi
- School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Eilidh Martin
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Ghorbani-Mojarrad N, Rountree L, Terry L, Bruce H, Hallam E, Jolly L, Retallic N, Evans K. Clinical Investigation of Flat Pack Toric Contact Lenses and Wearer Attitudes to Environmental Impact. Eye Contact Lens 2023; 49:475-482. [PMID: 37707468 PMCID: PMC10589431 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the performance of a novel flat pack toric daily disposable contact lens compared with traditionally packaged toric lenses in a randomized, crossover study. Environmental attitudes to contact lens wear were also explored. METHODS Habitual contact lens wearers were recruited to wear a hioxifilcon A (Miru 1 day Flat Pack Toric, Menicon, Nagoya, Japan) test lens and a control lens: either nelfilcon A (Dailies AquaComfort Plus, Alcon, Geneva, Switzerland) or etafilcon A (1-Day Acuvue Moist, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). Objective lens performance was assessed at fitting, and participants wore lenses in a randomized order for three consecutive days. Subjective measures of lens performance (comfort, vision, and handling) were then assessed by a questionnaire, with further questions on overall lens preference and environmental perceptions. RESULTS Objective measures of lens fit were similar for the test and control lenses, except for distance VA which was better with the control lenses ( P <0.05; difference of two logMAR letters). End of day comfort was greater with the test lens, but this did not reach significance. Both lenses demonstrated similar scores for overall satisfaction. 87.5% of participants indicated the environmental impact of contact lenses to be important/extremely important to them, with 100% of participants identifying the flat pack packaging as having a smaller environmental impact. CONCLUSION Overall, the lenses used in the study performed to similar levels. Environmental credentials are important to contact lens wearers, which may contribute to overall lens preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences (K.E., L.T.), Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; School of Optometry and Vision Science (H.B., E.H., L.J., L.R., N.G.-M.), University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom; Menicon UK Ltd (N.R.), Northampton, United Kingdom; and Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research (N.G.-M.), Bradford, United Kingdom
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11
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Yuan W, Zhao F, Liu X, Xu J. Development of corneal contact lens materials and current clinical application of contact lenses: A review. Biointerphases 2023; 18:050801. [PMID: 37756594 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike conventional glasses, corneal contact lenses (CLs) can directly contact the surface of the tear film through the application of biopolymer materials, to achieve therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Since the advent of polymethylmethacrylate, a material that has gained widespread use and attention, statistically, there are now more than 150 × 106 people around the world who wear corneal contact lenses. However, the associated complications caused by the interaction of contact lenses with the ocular surface, tear film, endogenous and environmental microorganisms, and components of the solution affect nearly one-third of the wearer population. The application of corneal contact lenses in correcting vision and myopia control has been widely recognized. With the development of related materials, corneal contact lenses are applied to the treatment of ocular surface diseases, including corneal bandage lenses, drug-loaded corneal contact lenses, biosensors, and other new products, while minimizing the side effects associated with CL wear. This paper summarized the development history and material properties of CLs, focused on the current main clinical applications and mechanisms, as well as clarified the possible complications in wearing therapeutic contact lenses and the direction for improvement in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dalian Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dalian Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
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12
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Jones L, Efron N, Bandamwar K, Barnett M, Jacobs DS, Jalbert I, Pult H, Rhee MK, Sheardown H, Shovlin JP, Stahl U, Stanila A, Tan J, Tavazzi S, Ucakhan OO, Willcox MDP, Downie LE. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of contact lenses on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:175-219. [PMID: 37149139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lifestyle choices made by contact lens wearers can have adverse consequences on ocular health. These include being non-adherent to contact lens care, sleeping in lenses, ill-advised purchasing options, not seeing an eyecare professional for regular aftercare visits, wearing lenses when feeling unwell, wearing lenses too soon after various forms of ophthalmic surgery, and wearing lenses when engaged in risky behaviors (e.g., when using tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs). Those with a pre-existing compromised ocular surface may find that contact lens wear exacerbates ocular disease morbidity. Conversely, contact lenses may have various therapeutic benefits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impinged upon the lifestyle of contact lens wearers, introducing challenges such as mask-associated dry eye, contact lens discomfort with increased use of digital devices, inadvertent exposure to hand sanitizers, and reduced use of lenses. Wearing contact lenses in challenging environments, such as in the presence of dust and noxious chemicals, or where there is the possibility of ocular trauma (e.g., sport or working with tools) can be problematic, although in some instances lenses can be protective. Contact lenses can be worn for sport, theatre, at high altitude, driving at night, in the military and in space, and special considerations are required when prescribing in such situations to ensure successful outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis, incorporated within the review, identified that the influence of lifestyle factors on soft contact lens dropout remains poorly understood, and is an area in need of further research. Overall, this report investigated lifestyle-related choices made by clinicians and contact lens wearers and discovered that when appropriate lifestyle choices are made, contact lens wear can enhance the quality of life of wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kalika Bandamwar
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Barnett
- University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Jalbert
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult Optometry & Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | | | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ulli Stahl
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Tan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Naroo SA, Eperjesi F, Woods C, Zeri F. Evidence based care is derived from good evidence-based teaching and learning. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101823. [PMID: 36863933 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK; International Association of Contact Lens Educators, Canada.
| | | | - Craig Woods
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Australia; International Association of Contact Lens Educators, Canada
| | - Fabrizio Zeri
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK; University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Materials Science, Milan, Italy; International Association of Contact Lens Educators, Canada
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14
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Novel High-Resolution Imaging Using ANTERION Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Fluid Reservoir Change in Scleral Lens Periphery. Eye Contact Lens 2022; 48:466-470. [PMID: 36083177 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess scleral lens fluid reservoir (FR) change simultaneously in four quadrants with single acquisition using novel ANTERION anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS A prospective, observational, clinical study of 18 subjects (30 eyes) was performed on adults fitted with a scleral lens for ocular surface disease (n=8), irregular cornea/scar (n=7), and corneal ectasia (n=15). ANTERION anterior segment SS-OCT imaging was obtained at the initial visit and at the follow-up to determine pre and post scleral lens settling, measured in microns, centrally and peripherally. Peripheral measurements were grouped into four quadrants. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed comparing vault post minus pre differences by quadrant, and TTests comparing difference in FR by lens design were performed with a significant threshold at P <0.05. RESULTS The mean central scleral lens settling was significant at -48.3±41.7 μm. The change in FR by quadrant was superior (S): -47.8±67.3 μm, inferior (I): -68.0±102.2 μm, nasal (N) -46.3±63.4 μm, and temporal (T): -56.7±49.3 μm. There were no significant differences in lens settling between the quadrants. Within the three categories, the irregular cornea group experienced significantly greater lens settling. There was no significant difference in central FR when comparing lens design or lens diameter. CONCLUSIONS The ANTERION SS-OCT allows for high-resolution central and peripheral assessment of FR in scleral lens wear. With increased technology available for scleral lens customization, this imaging modality can assist in more detailed assessment in quadrant-specific scleral lens designs.
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15
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Lievens CW, Norgett Y, Allen PM, Vianya-Estopa M. Development and validation of a new photographic scale to grade lid wiper epitheliopathy. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2022; 46:101773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2022.101773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Wang Y, Jacobs DS. Role of therapeutic contact lenses in management of corneal disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2022; 33:306-310. [PMID: 35779054 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review highlights areas of innovation and research in the use of contact lenses in the treatment of corneal ectasia and ocular surface disease. RECENT FINDINGS A series of academic reports were published by a committee of experts reviewing evidence-based practice patterns of contact lens use. There continues to be active research in the use of contact lenses in the management of keratoconus, including mini-scleral lenses, custom impression-based scleral lenses and wavefront-guided scleral lenses. Recent reports on contact lenses for ocular surface disease were primarily reviews, retrospective case reports or case series, with publications on contact lens use in corneal epithelial defects, graft-vs.-host disease, limbal stem cell deficiency and neurotrophic keratitis. There are recent publications on advances in drug-eluting contact lenses. SUMMARY Corneal specialists should be aware of current advances in the field of contact lens expanding their use in corneal ectasia and ocular surface disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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17
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Bandlitz S, Lagodny M, Kurz C, Wolffsohn JS. Anterior ocular surface sagittal height prediction. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:1023-1031. [PMID: 35703419 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the validity of Placido-based corneal topography parameters to predict corneoscleral sagittal heights measured by Fourier-based profilometry at various diameters. METHODS Minimal (Minsag ), maximal (Maxsag ) sagittal height, toricity (Maxsag - Minsag ) and axis of the flattest meridian (Minsag ) of 36 subjects (mean age 25.4 SD ± 3.2 years; 21 female) were measured using the Eye Surface Profiler and analysed for diameters (chord length) of 8 to 16 mm (in 2-mm intervals). Furthermore, corneal central radii, corneal astigmatism, eccentricity and diameter were measured using the Keratograph 5 M. RESULTS Using multiple linear regression analysis, the best equation for predicting the sagittal heights for 8 mm (r2 = 0.95), and 10 mm (r2 = 0.93) diameters included corneal central radii and eccentricity. The best equation for predicting sagittal heights for 12 mm (r2 = 0.86), 14 mm (r2 = 0.78) and 16 mm (r2 = 0.65) diameters included corneal central radii, eccentricity and corneal diameter. Corneal astigmatism was significantly correlated with sagittal height toricity for 8 and 10 mm diameters (r2 = 0.50 and 0.29; p < 0.01), while no correlation was observed for 12, 14 and 16 mm diameters (p = 0.18 to p = 0.76). The axis of the flattest corneal meridian measured by Placido-based topography was significantly correlated with the axis of the flattest meridian measured by Fourier-based profilometry for 8, 10 and 12 mm diameters (r2 = 0.17 to 0.44; p < 0.05), while there was no correlation for 14 and 16 mm diameters (p = 0.48 and p = 0.75). For a typical soft contact lens diameter of 14 mm, 78% of the variance could be determined with a corneal topographer and 68% with keratometry and corneal diameter measurement. CONCLUSIONS The combination of corneal central radii, eccentricity and corneal diameter measured by Placido-based topography is a valid predictor of the corneoscleral sagittal height in healthy eyes. Scleral toricity and axis of the flattest meridian seem to be independent from Placido-based corneal parameters and requires additional measuring tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bandlitz
- Höhere Fachschule für Augenoptik Köln (Cologne School of Optometry), Cologne, Germany.,School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Matthias Lagodny
- Höhere Fachschule für Augenoptik Köln (Cologne School of Optometry), Cologne, Germany
| | - Corinna Kurz
- Höhere Fachschule für Augenoptik Köln (Cologne School of Optometry), Cologne, Germany
| | - James S Wolffsohn
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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18
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Kandel H. Quality-of-life outcomes of long-term contact lens wear: A systematic review. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 45:101521. [PMID: 34656447 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence on quality-of-life outcomes of long-term contact lens wear. METHODS A search for original articles that used validated measures to evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in long-term (≥2 years) contact lens wearers was conducted in Medline Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases. The information including PRO measure (name, type, content) and key quality-of-life outcomes findings were extracted. RESULTS Seven articles that used 4 PRO measures to evaluate quality of life outcomes of long-term contact lens wear met the inclusion criteria. The median (range) number of contact lens wearers in these studies was 116 (31-247). The studies were conducted in 4 countries: USA, Spain, China, and Russia. All studies were conducted in myopic populations. None of the studies provided information on psychometric properties, validity and reliability of the PRO measures used. Five studies were conducted in children of which 3 studies evaluated PROs of myopia control contact lens wear. The studies reported that contact lens wear, including myopia control lens wear, was an effective method of refractive correction in children and adults in the long term in PRO-perspective, and resulted in a better quality of life status than with glasses. However, long-term dry eye and discomfort related symptoms were reported. CONCLUSION Overall, contact lens use improved quality of life status in children and adults. More research is required to better understand the long-term quality-of-life outcomes of contact lens wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himal Kandel
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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19
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Efron N, Morgan PB, Nichols JJ, Walsh K, Willcox MD, Wolffsohn JS, Jones LW. All soft contact lenses are not created equal. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 45:101515. [PMID: 34583895 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soft contact lenses that have been prescribed by eye care practitioners are sometimes substituted for alternative lenses by unqualified, unregulated and sometimes even fully regulated lens suppliers, in the mistaken belief that there is essentially no difference between different soft lens types. This review considers the implications of inappropriately substituting soft contact lens types in terms of (a) lens properties: surface treatment, internal wetting agents, material, total diameter, back optic zone radius, thickness, edge profile, back surface design, optical design, power, colour (tint) and ultraviolet protection; and (b) lens usage: wearing modality (daily versus overnight wear) and replacement frequency. Potential aspects of patient dissatisfaction and adverse events when prescribed soft lenses are substituted for lenses with different properties or intended usage are considered. Substitution of 15 of the 16 lens properties considered (i.e. except for back surface design) was found to be related to at least one - and as many as six - potential sources of patient dissatisfaction and adverse ocular events. Contact lens are medical devices which are prescribed and fitted; they should never be substituted for another lens type in the absence of a new prescription further to a full finalised fitting, for the simple reason that all soft contact lenses are not created equal. A substituted lens may have properties that results in undesirable consequences in respect of vision, ocular health, comfort and cosmetic appearance, and may be incompatible with the lifestyle of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Phillip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason J Nichols
- School of Optometry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen Walsh
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lyndon W Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong
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20
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Opportunities and threats to contact lens practice: A global survey perspective. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:101496. [PMID: 34426063 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand the views of contact lens (CL) practitioners across the globe regarding what they perceive as opportunities and threats in CL practice. METHODS A self-administered anonymised questionnaire, constructed in English and translated in six more languages, was distributed through reputed international professional bodies and academic institutions worldwide. The questionnaire included items on demographic characteristics, type of practice, and questions designed to explore practitioners' perspective on the future of their CL practice over the next five years. RESULTS A total of 2408 valid responses were analysed. Multifocal CLs for presbyopia, CLs for myopia control, use of daily disposable (DD) CLs for occasional wear, and biocompatible materials to improve comfort were identified as promising areas of opportunities by practitioners (all 8/10). Respondents from North America, and Europe valued DDCLs for occasional wear moderately more favourable (Median: 9/10 for all) as compared to colleagues in Asia (Median: 8/10, p < 0.001), South America (Median: 8/10, p < 0.01), and Africa (Median: 8/10p < 0.01). Multifocal CLs for presbyopia was perceived as a better opportunity by practitioners in North America and Europe (Median: 9/10 for both), as well as in Australasia (Median: 8/10), in comparison to Asia, Africa, and Middle East (for all Median: 6/10, p < 0.001). Practitioners expressed concerns about the availability of CLs and CL prescriptions online without direct professional involvement (both 9/10). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the most appealing opportunities for CL practice growth were identified in occasional use of DD CLs, biocompatible materials to reduce CL discomfort, multifocal CLs for presbyopia correction and management of myopia control with CLs. Lack of regulation in CL sales, especially online, seemed to be a constant threat. The insights from this study can be used to design targeted strategies to enhance CL practice across the globe and in specific geographical areas.
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21
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Naroo SA, Kapoor R, Zeri F. Times they are a-changin for contact lens practice. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:101445. [PMID: 33820707 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Rakesh Kapoor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Specsavers, Wembley, Stanmore and Edgware Town, UK
| | - Fabrizio Zeri
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; University of Milano Bicocca, Department of Materials Science, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milan, Italy; University of Milano Bicocca, COMiB Research Centre in Optics and Optometry, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125, Milan, Italy
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22
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Wolffsohn JS, Morgan PB, Barnett M, Downie LE, Jacobs DS, Jones L, Richdale K, Stapleton F, Vincent SJ, Willcox M. Contact Lens Evidence-Based Academic Reports (CLEAR). Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:129-131. [PMID: 33775374 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Melissa Barnett
- University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Cornea and Refractive Surgery Service, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong
| | | | - Fiona Stapleton
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Vincent
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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