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Wang Y, Yao J, Zhang Z, Wei L, Wang S. Generation of novel lipid metabolism-based signatures to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17158. [PMID: 39060344 PMCID: PMC11282063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprogramming involves in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stemness and immune checkpoints (ICs), which influence the metastasis of cancer. This study aimed to generate lipid metabolism-based signatures to predict prognosis, immunotherapy and chemotherapy response for colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Transcriptome data and clinical information of COAD patients were collected from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of EMT-, stem cell-, and IC-related genes were assessed between COAD and control samples. Modules and genes correlated EMT, ICs and stemness signatures were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Prognostic signatures were generated and then the distribution of risk genes was evaluated using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from GSE132465 dataset. COAD patients exhibited increased EMT score and stemness along with decreased ICs. Next, 12 hub genes (PIK3CG, ALOX5AP, PIK3R5, TNFAIP8L2, DPEP2, PIK3CD, PIK3R6, GGT5, ELOVL4, PTGIS, CYP7B1 and PRKD1) were found within green and yellow modules correlated with EMT, stemness and ICs. Lipid metabolism-based prognostic signatures were generated based on PIK3CG, GGT5 and PTGIS. Patients with high-risk group had poor prognosis, elevated ESTIMATEScore and StromalScore, 100% mutation rate and higher TIDE score. Samples in low-risk group had more immunogenicity on ICIs. Notably, PIK3CG was expressed in B cells, while GGT5 and PTGIS were expressed in stromal cells. This study generates lipid metabolism-based signatures correlated with EMT, stemness and ICs for predicting prognosis of COAD, and provides potential therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Luxin Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215127, China.
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Tao Y, Xie Y. Prognostic impact of CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with colorectal cancer. Acta Chir Belg 2024; 124:35-40. [PMID: 36780176 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2023.2180712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumor immune response has been suggested as an important indicator of cancer prognosis. This study was initiated to investigate the association between T lymphocytes and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Included in this study were 129 CRC patients who received surgical treatment in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2003 to January 2014. The level of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival analysis was conducted by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS IHC staining showed that CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration was high in 88 cases and low in 41 cases, while CD4+ T lymphocyte infiltration was high in 66 cases and low in 63 cases. The level of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in CRC tissue was closely related to TNM stage and tumor invasion (p < 0.05). Follow-up analysis showed that both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were better in patients with a high level of CD8+ and CD4 + CD8+ than those in patients with a low level (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage, lymph node, CD8+ and CD4+ CD8+ were independent risk factors for DFS and OS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION High level of CD8+ and CD4+ CD8+ may prove to be a potential predictor of better prognosis of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tao
- Colorectal Surgery, Ningbo City First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ya Xie
- Colorectal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Han B, He J, Chen Q, Yuan M, Zeng X, Li Y, Zeng Y, He M, Zhou Q, Feng D, Ma D. ELFN1-AS1 promotes GDF15-mediated immune escape of colorectal cancer from NK cells by facilitating GCN5 and SND1 association. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:56. [PMID: 37147528 PMCID: PMC10163203 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to escape from natural killer (NK) cell immune surveillance leads to anti-tumor treatment failure. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ELFN1-AS1 is aberrantly expressed in multiple tumors suggesting a role as an oncogene in cancer development. However, whether ELFN1-AS1 regulates immune surveillance in CRC is unclear. Here, we determined that ELFN1-AS1 enhanced the ability of CRC cells to escape from NK cell surveillance in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we confirmed that ELFN1-AS1 in CRC cells attenuated the activity of NK cell by down-regulating NKG2D and GZMB via the GDF15/JNK pathway. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations demonstrated that ELFN1-AS1 enhanced the interaction between the GCN5 and SND1 protein and this influenced H3k9ac enrichment at the GDF15 promotor to stimulate GDF15 production in CRC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that ELFN1-AS1 in CRC cells suppresses NK cell cytotoxicity and ELFN1-AS1 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinsong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qing Chen
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Min Yuan
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuanting Li
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Meibo He
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qilin Zhou
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dan Feng
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Institute of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Daiyuan Ma
- GCP Center/Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
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Relationship between Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, PD-L1 and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes with Pathologic Response and Survival in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184418. [PMID: 36139578 PMCID: PMC9496850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker related to clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between ALDH1A1, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple negative (TN) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) BC tumors, and its association with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes. A retrospective, historical cohort study of patients diagnosed with early or locally advanced BC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was conducted. ALDH1A1, PD-L1 expression and TILs were assessed using immunohistochemistry. A total of 75 patients were analyzed (42.7% TN, 57.3% HER2+ tumors). ALDH1A1+ was related to HTILs (p = 0.005) and PD-L1+ tumors (p = 0.004). ALDH1A1+ tumors presented higher CD3+ (p = 0.008), CD4+ (p = 0.005), CD8+ (p = 0.003) and CD20+ (p = 0.006) TILs. ALDH1A1+ (p = 0.018), PD-L1+ (p = 0.004) and HTILs (p < 0.001) were related to smaller tumors. ALDH1A1+ was related to pathologic complete response (pCR) (p = 0.048). At the end of the follow-up (54.4 [38.3−87.6] months), 47 patients (62.7%) remained disease-free, and 20 (26.7%) had died. HTILs were related to improved disease-free survival (p = 0.027). ALDH1A1+ was related to PD-L1+ and HITLs, that might be related to higher pCR rates with neoadjuvant therapy.
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Secinti IE, Ozgur T, Dede I. PD-L1 Expression in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Is Associated With the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 158:506-515. [PMID: 35938631 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal carcinomas are the third-most common tumors in the world, and colorectal cancer ranks second in cancer-related deaths. Our aim in this study was to investigate the correlation between programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and clinicopathologic parameters in colorectal carcinomas and their relationship to the tumor immune microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and microsatellite instability. We also investigated the predictive and prognostic role of PD-L1. METHODS One hundred patients with a diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy were included in the study. The relationships among the altered expression of PD-L1; vimentin; E-cadherin; mismatch repair status; and pathologic microenvironmental features, including the presence of tumor budding and CD8-positive tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), were assessed. RESULTS Increased PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was associated with increased TILs (P = .013), high histologic grade (P = .011), advanced pathologic T stage (P = .007), lymph node metastasis (P = .002), distant metastasis (P < .001), perineural invasion (P = .009), high bud score (P = .023), EMT (P < .001), and shorter disease-free survival (P = .029). CONCLUSIONS Overall, PD-L1 expression in colorectal carcinoma tumor cells is a marker of poor prognosis, and the positive correlation detected between EMT status and PD-L1 expression suggests that patients with the mesenchymal phenotype may be more likely to benefit from programmed cell death 1 protein/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Evrim Secinti
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Tumay Ozgur
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Isa Dede
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Ye ML, Li SQ, Yin YX, Li KZ, Li JL, Hu BL. Integrative Analysis Revealed Stemness Features and a Novel Stemness-Related Classification in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:817509. [PMID: 35721480 PMCID: PMC9204093 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.817509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells play crucial roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis and treatment response. This study aimed to determine the value of the mRNA stemness index (mRNAsi) in CRC and introduce a stemness-related classification to predict the outcome of patients. mRNAsi scores and RNA sequence data of CRC patients were analyzed. We found that high mRNAsi scores were related to early-stage CRC and a better patient prognosis. Two stemness-based subtypes (subtype I and II) were identified. Patients in subtype I presented a significantly better prognosis than those in subtype II. Patients in these two subtype groups presented significantly different tumor immunity scores and immune cell infiltration patterns. Genomic variations revealed that patients in subtype I had a lower tumor mutation burden than those in subtype II. A three-gene stemness subtype predictor was established, showing good diagnostic value in discriminating patients in different subtypes. A prognostic signature based on five stemness-related genes was established and validated in two independent cohorts and clinical samples, showing a better predictive performance than other clinical parameters. We concluded that mRNAsi scores were associated with the clinical outcome in CRC patients. The stemness-related classification was a promising prognostic predictor for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ji-Lin Li
- *Correspondence: Ji-Lin Li, ; Bang-Li Hu,
| | - Bang-Li Hu
- *Correspondence: Ji-Lin Li, ; Bang-Li Hu,
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Luo Y, Xu WB, Ma B, Wang Y. Novel Stemness-Related Gene Signature Predicting Prognosis and Indicating a Different Immune Microenvironment in HNSCC. Front Genet 2022; 13:822115. [PMID: 35360859 PMCID: PMC8963956 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.822115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers in the world, with an unfavorable prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been found to be responsible for HNSCC recurrence and therapeutic resistance.Methods: The stemness of HNSCC was measured using a stemness index based on mRNA expression (mRNAsi). Stemness-related genes were discovered using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis, and Cox regression, and a stemness-related prognostic index (SPI) was constructed. This research was based on TCGA and GSE65858.Results: Stemness was found upregulated in HNSCC compared with normal tissues. The risk score model including five stemness-related genes exhibited a good accuracy in predicting outcomes. High SPI predicted a shorter overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients, in the meantime, also demonstrated a lower CD8+ T cell infiltration and a higher enrichment of macrophages and fibroblasts than the low-SPI group, focusing on several up-regulated pathways such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), MYC targets v1, E2F targets, mTORC1 signaling, hypoxia, MYC targets v2, angiogenesis, G2M checkpoint, and glycolysis.Conclusion: The SPI signature, which includes five stemness-related genes, could be utilized as a prognostic biomarker for HNSCC, implying that stemness may impact HNSCC immunologic profiles and be a feasible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Bo Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Wang,
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Stemness, Inflammation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Carcinoma: The Intricate Network. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312891. [PMID: 34884696 PMCID: PMC8658015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In global cancer statistics, colorectal carcinoma (CRC) ranks third by incidence and second by mortality, causing 10.0% of new cancer cases and 9.4% of oncological deaths worldwide. Despite the development of screening programs and preventive measures, there are still high numbers of advanced cases. Multiple problems compromise the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, one of these being cancer stem cells—a minor fraction of pluripotent, self-renewing malignant cells capable of maintaining steady, low proliferation and exhibiting an intriguing arsenal of treatment resistance mechanisms. Currently, there is an increasing body of evidence for intricate associations between inflammation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. In this review, we focus on inflammation and its role in CRC stemness development through epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
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Tsuchiya H, Shiota G. Immune evasion by cancer stem cells. Regen Ther 2021; 17:20-33. [PMID: 33778133 PMCID: PMC7966825 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunity represents a new avenue for cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have successfully improved outcomes in several tumor types. In addition, currently, immune cell-based therapy is also attracting significant attention. However, the clinical efficacy of these treatments requires further improvement. The mechanisms through which cancer cells escape the immune response must be identified and clarified. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in multiple aspects of malignant tumors. CSCs can initiate tumors in partially immunocompromised mice, whereas non-CSCs fail to form tumors, suggesting that tumor initiation is a definitive function of CSCs. However, the fact that non-CSCs also initiate tumors in more highly immunocompromised mice suggests that the immune evasion property may be a more fundamental feature of CSCs rather than a tumor-initiating property. In this review, we summarize studies that have elucidated how CSCs evade tumor immunity and create an immunosuppressive milieu with a focus on CSC-specific characteristics and functions. These profound mechanisms provide important clues for the development of novel tumor immunotherapies.
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Key Words
- ADCC, antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
- ALDH, alcohol dehydrogenase
- AML, acute myeloid leukemia
- ARID3B, AT-rich interaction domain-containing protein 3B
- CCR7, C–C motif chemokine receptor 7
- CIK, cytokine-induced killer cell
- CMV, cytomegalovirus
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-cell-associated antigen-4
- Cancer stem cells
- DC, dendritic cell
- DNMT, DNA methyltransferase
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- ETO, fat mass and obesity associated protein
- EV, extracellular vesicle
- HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- Immune checkpoints
- Immune evasion
- KDM4, lysine-specific demethylase 4C
- KIR, killer immunoglobulin-like receptor
- LAG3, lymphocyte activation gene 3
- LILR, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor
- LMP, low molecular weight protein
- LOX, lysyl oxidase
- MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell
- MHC, major histocompatibility complex
- MIC, MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence
- NGF, nerve growth factor
- NK cells
- NK, natural killer
- NOD, nonobese diabetic
- NSG, NOD/SCID IL-2 receptor gamma chain null
- OCT4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4
- PD-1, programmed death receptor-1
- PD-L1/2, ligands 1/2
- PI9, protease inhibitor 9
- PSME3, proteasome activator subunit 3
- SCID, severe combined immunodeficient
- SOX2, sex determining region Y-box 2
- T cells
- TAM, tumor-associated macrophage
- TAP, transporter associated with antigen processing
- TCR, T cell receptor
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- ULBP, UL16 binding protein
- uPAR, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
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Zhang Q, Du X, He Q, Shi W, Mei L, Qv M, Tan D, Wu J, Zeng LH, Wu X. T851I mutation of human large tumor suppressor 1 disrupts its kinase activity and tumor-suppressor functions. Life Sci 2021; 264:118655. [PMID: 33141042 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) is a Ser/Thr kinase to mediate Hippo signaling pathway and plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression. By searching the COSMIC database, we found a somatic missense mutation (NM_004690.4:c.2552C>T) of human LATS1 (NP_004681.1:p.851T>I) in two colorectal cancer cell lines, and investigated the role and underlying mechanism of this mutation in the colorectal tumorigenesis. MAIN METHODS We performed structural and biochemistry analyses to investigate the role of LATS1 T851I mutation in Hippo signaling activation and used the mouse xenograft model to assess the role of this mutation in the colorectal tumorigenesis. KEY FINDINGS By structural and biochemistry approaches, we propose that T851 is an active residue other than Ser909 on the activation loop and is essential for LATS1 phosphorylation and kinase activity. We then reveal that T851I mutation in LATS1 not only destabilizes the phospho-Thr1079-LATS1, a prerequisite of LATS1 kinase activity, but also reduces its binding to the downstream effectors, YAP and TAZ. As a result, T851I mutation in LATS1 attenuates Hippo signaling and decreases its tumor-suppressor functions in the colorectal cancer. SIGNIFICANCE The present study identifies the T851 as an essential residue for LATS1 kinase activity and uncovers the T851I mutation of LATS1 and consequent Hippo signaling suppression as a hitherto uncharacterized mechanism controlling colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaotian Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qiangqiang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liu Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meiyu Qv
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Li N, Li Y, Zheng P, Zhan X. Cancer Stemness-Based Prognostic Immune-Related Gene Signatures in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:755805. [PMID: 34745015 PMCID: PMC8567176 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.755805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) refer to cells with self-renewal capability in tumors. CSCs play important roles in proliferation, metastasis, recurrence, and tumor heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify immune-related gene-prognostic models based on stemness index (mRNAsi) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), respectively. METHODS X-tile software was used to determine the best cutoff value of survival data in LUAD and LUSC based on mRNAsi. Tumor purity and the scores of infiltrating stromal and immune cells in lung cancer tissues were predicted with ESTIMATE R package. Differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) between higher- and lower-mRNAsi subtypes were used to construct prognostic models. RESULTS mRNAsi was negatively associated with StromalScore, ImmuneScore, and ESTIMATEScore, and was positively associated with tumor purity. LUAD and LUSC samples were divided into higher- and lower-mRNAsi groups with X-title software. The distribution of immune cells was significantly different between higher- and lower-mRNAsi groups in LUAD and LUSC. DEIRGs between those two groups in LUAD and LUSC were enriched in multiple cancer- or immune-related pathways. The network between transcriptional factors (TFs) and DEIRGs revealed potential mechanisms of DEIRGs in LUAD and LUSC. The eight-gene-signature prognostic model (ANGPTL5, CD1B, CD1E, CNTFR, CTSG, EDN3, IL12B, and IL2)-based high- and low-risk groups were significantly related to overall survival (OS), tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells, and clinical characteristics in LUAD. The five-gene-signature prognostic model (CCL1, KLRC3, KLRC4, CCL23, and KLRC1)-based high- and low-risk groups were significantly related to OS, TME immune cells, and clinical characteristics in LUSC. These two prognostic models were tested as good ones with principal components analysis (PCA) and univariate and multivariate analyses. Tumor T stage, pathological stage, or metastasis status were significantly correlated with DEIRGs contained in prognostic models of LUAD and LUSC. CONCLUSION Cancer stemness was not only an important biological process in cancer progression but also might affect TME immune cell infiltration in LUAD and LUSC. The mRNAsi-related immune genes could be potential biomarkers of LUAD and LUSC. Evaluation of integrative characterization of multiple immune-related genes and pathways could help to understand the association between cancer stemness and tumor microenvironment in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yalin Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Peixian Zheng
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xianquan Zhan,
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12
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Zhao Q, Guo J, Zhao Y, Shen J, Kaboli PJ, Xiang S, Du F, Wu X, Li M, Wan L, Li X, Wen Q, Li J, Zou C, Xiao Z. Comprehensive assessment of PD-L1 and PD-L2 dysregulation in gastrointestinal cancers. Epigenomics 2020; 12:2155-2171. [PMID: 33337915 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PD-L1 and PD-L2 are ligands of PD-1. Their overexpression has been reported in different cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of PD-L1 and PD-L2 dysregulation and their related signaling pathways are still unclear in gastrointestinal cancers. Materials & methods: The expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 were studied in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. The gene and protein alteration of PD-L1 and PD-L2 were analyzed in cBioportal. The direct transcription factor regulating PD-L1/PD-L2 was determined with ChIP-seq data. The association of PD-L1/PD-L2 expression with clinicopathological parameters, survival, immune infiltration and tumor mutation burden were investigated with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Potential targets and pathways of PD-L1 and PD-L2 were determined by protein enrichment, WebGestalt and gene ontology. Results: Comprehensive analysis revealed that PD-L1 and PD-L2 were significantly upregulated in most types of gastrointestinal cancers and their expressions were positively correlated. SP1 was a key transcription factor regulating the expression of PD-L1. Conclusion: Higher PD-L1 or PD-L2 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival, higher tumor mutation burden and more immune and stromal cell populations. Finally, HIF-1, ERBB and mTOR signaling pathways were most significantly affected by PD-L1 and PD-L2 dysregulation. Altogether, this study provided comprehensive analysis of the dysregulation of PD-L1 and PD-L2, its underlying mechanism and downstream pathways, which add to the knowledge of manipulating PD-L1/PD-L2 for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Zhao
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jinan Guo
- The department of urology, The Second Clinical Medical college of Jinan University (Shenzhen people's Hospital), The First Affiliated Hospital of South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen Urology Minimally Invasive Engineering Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shixin Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology & Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chang Zou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
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13
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Dunbar K, Valanciute A, Lima ACS, Vinuela PF, Jamieson T, Rajasekaran V, Blackmur J, Ochocka-Fox AM, Guazzelli A, Cammareri P, Arends MJ, Sansom OJ, Myant KB, Farrington SM, Dunlop MG, Din FVN. Aspirin Rescues Wnt-Driven Stem-like Phenotype in Human Intestinal Organoids and Increases the Wnt Antagonist Dickkopf-1. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:465-489. [PMID: 32971322 PMCID: PMC7797380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Aspirin reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality. Understanding the biology responsible for this protective effect is key to developing biomarker-led approaches for rational clinical use. Wnt signaling drives CRC development from initiation to progression through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell populations. Here, we investigated whether aspirin can rescue these proinvasive phenotypes associated with CRC progression in Wnt-driven human and mouse intestinal organoids. METHODS We evaluated aspirin-mediated effects on phenotype and stem cell markers in intestinal organoids derived from mouse (ApcMin/+ and Apcflox/flox) and human familial adenomatous polyposis patients. CRC cell lines (HCT116 and Colo205) were used to study effects on motility, invasion, Wnt signaling, and EMT. RESULTS Aspirin rescues the Wnt-driven cystic organoid phenotype by promoting budding in mouse and human Apc deficient organoids, which is paralleled by decreased stem cell marker expression. Aspirin-mediated Wnt inhibition in ApcMin/+ mice is associated with EMT inhibition and decreased cell migration, invasion, and motility in CRC cell lines. Chemical Wnt activation induces EMT and stem-like alterations in CRC cells, which are rescued by aspirin. Aspirin increases expression of the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 in CRC cells and organoids derived from familial adenomatous polyposis patients, which contributes to EMT and cancer stem cell inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence of phenotypic biomarkers of response to aspirin with an increased epithelial and reduced stem-like state mediated by an increase in Dickkopf-1. This highlights a novel mechanism of aspirin-mediated Wnt inhibition and potential phenotypic and molecular biomarkers for trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Dunbar
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Asta Valanciute
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Lima
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paz Freile Vinuela
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Jamieson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vidya Rajasekaran
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James Blackmur
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Maria Ochocka-Fox
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Guazzelli
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Patrizia Cammareri
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Arends
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin B Myant
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Farhat V N Din
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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14
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Schulte am Esch J, Windmöller BA, Hanewinkel J, Storm J, Förster C, Wilkens L, Krüger M, Kaltschmidt B, Kaltschmidt C. Isolation and Characterization of Two Novel Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines, Containing a Subpopulation with Potential Stem-Like Properties: Treatment Options by MYC/NMYC Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092582. [PMID: 32927768 PMCID: PMC7564713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of cancer stem cells, which are a small subpopulation of tumor cells with high plasticity driving tumor growth and metastasis. Here we isolated two novel colorectal cancer cell lines originating from a rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma and a colorectal adenocarcinoma, depicting stem-like properties. These in vitro models offer the possibility to evaluate pathophysiological mechanisms in order to develop tailored therapeutic strategies for distinct colorectal malignancies. Investigations revealed gene copy number gain of the N-myc proto-oncogene for both. Accordingly, inhibition of the protein–protein interaction of myc and N-myc proto-oncogenes with the myc-associated factor X utilizing small molecule KJ-Pyr-9, exhibited a significant reduction in survival of both cell lines by the induction of apoptosis. Consequently, the blockage of these interactions may serve as a possible treatment strategy for colorectal cancer cell lines with gene copy number gain of the N-myc proto-oncogene. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSC) are crucial mediators of cancer relapse. Here, we isolated two primary human colorectal cancer cell lines derived from a rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma (BKZ-2) and a colorectal adenocarcinoma (BKZ-3), both containing subpopulations with potential stem-like properties. Protein expression of CSC-markers prominin-1 and CD44 antigen was significantly higher for BKZ-2 and BKZ-3 in comparison to well-established colon carcinoma cell lines. High sphere-formation capacity further confirmed the existence of a subpopulation with potential stem-like phenotype. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers as well as immune checkpoint ligands were expressed more pronounced in BKZ-2. Both cell populations demonstrated N-myc proto-oncogene (NMYC) copy number gain. Myc proto-oncogene (MYC)/NMYC activity inhibitor all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) significantly reduced the number of tumor spheres for both and the volume of BKZ-2 spheres. In contrast, the sphere volume of ATRA-treated BKZ-3 was increased, and only BKZ-2 cell proliferation was reduced in monolayer culture. Treatment with KJ-Pyr-9, a specific inhibitor of MYC/NMYC-myc-associated factor X interaction, decreased survival by the induction of apoptosis of both. In summary, here, we present the novel colorectal cancer cell lines BKZ-2 and BKZ-3 as promising cellular in vitro models for colorectal carcinomas and identify the MYC/NMYC molecular pathway involved in CSC-induced carcinogenesis with relevant therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schulte am Esch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Beatrice Ariane Windmöller
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0521-106-5629
| | - Johannes Hanewinkel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Jonathan Storm
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Christine Förster
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Institute of Pathology, KRH Hospital Nordstadt, affiliated with the Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ludwig Wilkens
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Institute of Pathology, KRH Hospital Nordstadt, affiliated with the Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Krüger
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Molecular Neurobiology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld (FBMB), 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.); (M.K.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany;
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15
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Teng M, Zhou S, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Fu X. Extract Derived From Black Rice Functions as a Photothermal Agent for Suppressing Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:904. [PMID: 32850748 PMCID: PMC7423996 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains a challenge to develop an effective therapeutic agent with low cost and good biocompatibility for cancer therapy. Based on its dark color, we hypothesized that, the extraction from black rice grains, denoted BRE, could serve as a photothermal conversion agent. The results showed that BRE confers a high photothermal conversion efficiency up to 54.13%. The combination of BRE and near infrared (NIR) treatment enables effective photothermal tumor ablation, and suppress tumor metastasis via inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. In addition, BRE exhibits no obvious toxicity in vivo. Therefore, BRE could serve as a promising photothermal therapy agent with a low toxicity to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzhou Teng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Wang Q, Jiang S, Liu J, Ma G, Zheng J, Zhang Y. DEP Domain Containing 1 Promotes Proliferation, Invasion, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer by Enhancing Expression of Suppressor of Zest 12. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:36-44. [PMID: 32343606 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: DEP domain containing 1 (DEPDC1), aberrantly upregulated in various tumors, has been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study aims to investigate pathophysiological roles of DEPDC1 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Expression level of DEPDC1 and suppressor of zest 12 (SUZ12) in CRC tissues and cell lines were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Staining with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine staining and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation. Transwell or wound healing assay to evaluate invasion or migration, respectively. The effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC was determined by Western blot. Results: DEPDC1 and SUZ12 were increased in CRC tissues and cell lines. Silence of DEPDC1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC. Moreover, DEPDC1 knockdown suppressed EMT of CRC. Mechanistically, the authors demonstrated silencing DEPDC1 decreased protein expression of SUZ12 and led to a remarkable reduction of trimethylation on the lysine 27 residue of histone H3 (H3K27Me3). Inhibitory ability of DEPDC1 knockdown on CRC progression was reversed by overexpression of SUZ12. Conclusions: DEPDC1 promoted CRC progression through regulation of SUZ12-mediated H3K27Me3, illuminating a novel DEPDC1-SUZ12 molecular axis as regulator in CRC progression and suggesting potential implications in treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China
| | - Shijian Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Genshun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jianrui Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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17
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Yang B, Bai H, Sa Y, Zhu P, Liu P. Inhibiting EMT, stemness and cell cycle involved in baicalin-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:2303-2317. [PMID: 32127957 PMCID: PMC7052934 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although baicalin, a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been reported to have anti-tumor activity in various cancers, the molecular mechanism remains imperfect. Here, we show that baicalin inhibits cell growth, migration and invasion and induces cell apoptosis by inhibiting cell cycle, viability, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cellular stemness in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. In detail, baicalin treatment in CRC cells induces cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and promotes p53-independent cell apoptosis, inhibits both endogenous and exogenous TGFβ1-induced EMT of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting TGFβ/Smad pathway. Cell sphere-formation experiments show that baicalin has a strong inhibitory efficacy on the stemness of CRC cells by decreasing the marker proteins of cancer stem cell (CSC) and inhibits the formation of CSC-like cell spheres in CRC cells. In vivo experiments also identify that baicalin has an anti-tumor effect by down-regulating the levels of marker proteins of cell cycle, EMT and stemness in the orthotopic transplantation tumors of CRC cells in BALB/c nude mice. Collectively, our in vitro and in vivo results indicate that multiple inhibition of cell cycle, EMT and stemness is the real molecular mechanism of baicalin in effectively inducing cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Yang
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P R China
| | - Huiru Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P R China
| | - Yunli Sa
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P R China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P R China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P R China
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18
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Liao X, Zhan W, Zhang J, Cheng Z, Li L, Tian T, Yu L, Li R. Long noncoding RNA LINC01234 promoted cell proliferation and invasion via miR-1284/TRAF6 axis in colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4295-4309. [PMID: 31904146 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and leading malignancies globally. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as potentially critical regulator in colorectal cancer. LINC01234, a novel lncRNA in tumor biology, regulates the progression of various tumors. However, the tumorigenic mechanism of LINC01234 in colorectal cancer is still unclear. This study was performed with the aim to prospectively investigate clinical significance, effect, and mechanism of lncRNA LINC01234 in colorectal cancer. First, we found that LINC01234, localized in the cytoplasm, was increased in both colorectal cancer cell lines and tissues. Subsequent functional assays suggested LINC01234 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells, while blocked cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, we identified that miR-1284 was target of LINC01234, we further demonstrated a negative correlation with LINC01234 in colorectal cancer tissues and cells. Furthermore, miR-1284 targeted and suppressed tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Loss-of-function assay revealed that LINC01234 silencing suppressed colorectal cancer progression through inhibition of miR-1284. In vivo subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model indicated LINC01234 knockdown inhibited in vivo tumorigenic ability of colorectal cancer via downregulation of TRAF6. Collectively, this study clarified the biological significance of LINC01234/miR-1284/TRAF6 axis in colorectal cancer progression, providing insights into LINC01234 as novel potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer therapeutic from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liao
- Department of Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhongsheng Cheng
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianghe Li
- Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Center of Clinical Laboratory, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pathology, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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19
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Jiang Y, Liu G, Ye W, Xie J, Shao C, Wang X, Li X. ZEB2-AS1 Accelerates Epithelial/Mesenchymal Transition Through miR-1205/CRKL Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 35:153-162. [PMID: 31755734 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating reports have demonstrated that long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the pathological progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of lncRNA zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 antisense RNA 1 (ZEB2-AS1) in CRC remains largely unknown. Methods: The authors detected the ZEB2-AS1 expression in CRC tissue sample and CRC cell lines. The effects of ZEB2-AS1 on CRC were identified through in vitro assays (i.e., transwell assay, wound-healing assay, immunofluorescence assay, and Western blot) in a ZEB2-AS1 knockdown system. The molecular mechanism of ZEB2-AS1 was explored via bioinformatic tools, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and so on. Moreover, a series of gain-of-function experiments were performed to identify the effect of ZEB2-AS1 and miR-1205 on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC cells. Results: This analysis clarified that ZEB2-AS1 was upregulated in both CRC tissue sample and cells lines; meanwhile, the high expression of ZEB2-AS1 was correlated with poor overall survival rate. ZEB2-AS1 knockdown significantly suppresses the EMT in CRC cells. Furthermore, the authors identified that the expression of ZEB2-AS1 was negatively correlated with expression of miR-1205, and CRKL could be a direct target of miR-1205. Through the gain-of-function experiments, they found that ZEB2-AS1 accelerates EMT in CRC cells via modulating the expression of miR-1205 and CRKL. Conclusion: Taken together, this study revealed that ZEB2-AS1 accelerates EMT in CRC through the miR-1205/CRKL pathway, suggesting that ZEB2-AS1 may potentially serve as a target of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Jiang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Jianjin Xie
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Chunfa Shao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
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Proteomic Technology "Lens" for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Process Identification in Oncology. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:3565970. [PMID: 31781477 PMCID: PMC6855076 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3565970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex transformation process that induces local and distant progression of many malignant tumours. Due to its complex array of proteins that are dynamically over-/underexpressed during this process, proteomic technologies gained their place in the EMT research in the last years. Proteomics has identified new molecular pathways of this process and brought important insights to develop new therapy targets. Various proteomic tools and multiple combinations were developed in this area. Out of the proteomic technology armentarium, mass spectrometry and array technologies are the most used approaches. The main characteristics of the proteomic technology used in this domain are high throughput and detection of minute concentration in small samples. We present herein, using various proteomic technologies, the identification in cancer cell lines and in tumour tissue EMT-related proteins, proteins that are involved in the activation of different cellular pathways. Proteomics has brought besides standard EMT markers (e.g., cell-cell adhesion proteins and transcription factors) other future potential markers for improving diagnosis, monitoring evolution, and developing new therapy targets. Future will increase the proteomic role in clinical investigation and validation of EMT-related biomarkers.
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