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Southern J, Gonzalez G, Borgas P, Poynter L, Laponogov I, Zhong Y, Mirnezami R, Veselkov D, Bronstein M, Veselkov K. Genomic-driven nutritional interventions for radiotherapy-resistant rectal cancer patient. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14862. [PMID: 37684345 PMCID: PMC10491580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy response of rectal cancer patients is dependent on a myriad of molecular mechanisms including response to stress, cell death, and cell metabolism. Modulation of lipid metabolism emerges as a unique strategy to improve radiotherapy outcomes due to its accessibility by bioactive molecules within foods. Even though a few radioresponse modulators have been identified using experimental techniques, trying to experimentally identify all potential modulators is intractable. Here we introduce a machine learning (ML) approach to interrogate the space of bioactive molecules within food for potential modulators of radiotherapy response and provide phytochemically-enriched recipes that encapsulate the benefits of discovered radiotherapy modulators. Potential radioresponse modulators were identified using a genomic-driven network ML approach, metric learning and domain knowledge. Then, recipes from the Recipe1M database were optimized to provide ingredient substitutions maximizing the number of predicted modulators whilst preserving the recipe's culinary attributes. This work provides a pipeline for the design of genomic-driven nutritional interventions to improve outcomes of rectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Southern
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Guadalupe Gonzalez
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
- Prescient Design, Genentech, Basel, 4052, Switzerland
| | - Pia Borgas
- North Middlesex University Hospital, London, N18 1QX, UK
| | - Liam Poynter
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Ivan Laponogov
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Yoyo Zhong
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | | | - Dennis Veselkov
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Michael Bronstein
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QD, UK
| | - Kirill Veselkov
- Prescient Design, Genentech, Basel, 4052, Switzerland.
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Bonilla CE, Montenegro P, O’Connor JM, Hernando-Requejo O, Aranda E, Pinto Llerena J, Llontop A, Gallardo Escobar J, Díaz Romero MDC, Bautista Hernández Y, Graña Suárez B, Batagelj EJ, Wali Mushtaq A, García-Foncillas J. Ibero-American Consensus Review and Incorporation of New Biomarkers for Clinical Practice in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4373. [PMID: 37686649 PMCID: PMC10487247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic technologies have significantly improved the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). Several biomarkers have been identified in CRC that enable personalization in the use of biologic agents that have shown to enhance the clinical outcomes of patients. However, technologies used for their determination generate massive amounts of information that can be difficult for the clinician to interpret and use adequately. Through several discussion meetings, a group of oncology experts from Spain and several Latin American countries reviewed the latest literature to provide practical recommendations on the determination of biomarkers in CRC based on their clinical experience. The article also describes the importance of looking for additional prognostic biomarkers and the use of histopathology to establish an adequate molecular classification. Present and future of immunotherapy biomarkers in CRC patients are also discussed, together with several techniques for marker determination, including liquid biopsy, next-generation sequencing (NGS), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and fecal immunohistochemical tests. Finally, the role of Molecular Tumor Boards in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC is described. All of this information will allow us to highlight the importance of biomarker determination in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Bonilla
- Fundación CTIC—Centro de Tratamiento e Investigación sobre Cáncer, Bogotá 1681442, Colombia
| | - Paola Montenegro
- Institución AUNA OncoSalud e Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima 15023, Peru
| | | | | | - Enrique Aranda
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, UCO, CIBERONC, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
| | | | - Alejandra Llontop
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1437FBG, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Begoña Graña Suárez
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | | | | | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Slipsager A, Henrichsen SN, Falkmer UG, Dybkær K, Belting M, Poulsen LØ. Predictive biomarkers in radioresistant rectal cancer: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 186:103991. [PMID: 37059272 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer often consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. However, approximately 15% of patients show no response to this neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This systematic review aimed to identify biomarkers of innate radioresistant rectal cancer. METHOD Through a systematic literature search, 125 papers were included and analyzed using ROBINS-I, a Cochrane risk of bias tool for non-randomized studies of interventions. Both statistically significant and nonsignificant biomarkers were identified. Biomarkers mentioned more than once in the results or biomarkers with a low or moderate risk of bias were included as the final results. RESULTS Thirteen unique biomarkers, three genetic signatures, one specific pathway, and two combinations of two or four biomarkers were identified. In particular, the connection between HMGCS2, COASY, and PI3K-pathway seems promising. Future scientific research should focus on further validating these genetic resistance markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Slipsager
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sofie N Henrichsen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ursula G Falkmer
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Karen Dybkær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Laurids Ø Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Clinical Effect of Radiotherapy Combined with Capecitabine after Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9972051. [PMID: 34194503 PMCID: PMC8203376 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9972051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical effect of radiotherapy combined with capecitabine in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy. Methods 80 rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy in our hospital from February 2016 to February 2018 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group (n = 40) and experimental group (n = 40) according to the order of admission. Among them, the control group was treated with radiotherapy, while the experimental group was treated with radiotherapy combined with capecitabine. The therapeutic efficacy, CEA levels, the incidence and recurrence rate of adverse reactions, as well as the progression-free survival and survival rate after 2-year treatment were analyzed in the two groups. Results The effective rate of treatment in the experimental group of 87.5% (35/40) was significantly higher than 50% (20/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (X2 = 13.09, P < 0.001). After treatment, the CEA levels in the two groups both decreased significantly, and the CEA level in the experimental group of 3.75 ± 1.76 ng/ml was significantly lower than 7.35 ± 2.11 ng/ml in the control group, with statistical significance (T = 8.29, P < 0.001). The incidence and the recurrence rate of adverse reactions of 5% (2/40) and 10% (4/40), respectively, in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of 40% (16/40) and 30% (12/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (X2 = 14.05, 5.00, P < 0.001, 0.05). After the 2-year follow-up, it was found that the progression-free survival of 21.53 ± 6.23 months in the experimental group was significantly longer than that of 18.18 ± 5.41 months in the control group, with statistical significance (T = 2.57, P < 0.05), and the 2-year survival rate of 97.5% (39/40) in the experimental group was significantly higher than 80% (32/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (T = 6.13, P < 0.05). Conclusion Radiotherapy combined with capecitabine in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy can improve the therapeutic efficacy with fewer adverse reactions and longer patients' survival, which is worthy of popularization and application after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.
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Wen P, Gao Y, Chen B, Qi X, Hu G, Xu A, Xia J, Wu L, Lu H, Zhao G. Pan-Cancer Analysis of Radiotherapy Benefits and Immune Infiltration in Multiple Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040957. [PMID: 32294976 PMCID: PMC7226004 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Response to radiotherapy (RT) in cancers varies widely among patients. Therefore, it is very important to predict who will benefit from RT before clinical treatment. Consideration of the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) could provide novel insight into tumor treatment options. In this study, we investigated the link between immune infiltration status and clinical RT outcome in order to identify certain leukocyte subsets that could potentially influence the clinical RT benefit across cancers. By integrally analyzing the TCGA data across seven cancers, we identified complex associations between immune infiltration and patients RT outcomes. Besides, immune cells showed large differences in their populations in various cancers, and the most abundant cells were resting memory CD4 T cells. Additionally, the proportion of activated CD4 memory T cells and activated mast cells, albeit at low number, were closely related to RT overall survival in multiple cancers. Furthermore, a prognostic model for RT outcomes was established with good performance based on the immune infiltration status. Summarized, immune infiltration was found to be of significant clinical relevance to RT outcomes. These findings may help to shed light on the impact of tumor-associated immune cell infiltration on cancer RT outcomes, and identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Wen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaojing Qi
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guanshuo Hu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - An Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China;
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
| | - Huayi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei 230031, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (B.C.); (X.Q.); (G.H.); (A.X.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (G.Z.)
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