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Wei W, Ma D, Li L, Zhang L. Progress in the Application of Drugs for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724718. [PMID: 34326775 PMCID: PMC8313804 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesion in CNS and cause physical disorders. Although environmental factors and susceptibility genes are reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of MS, its etiology still remains unclear. At present, there is no complete cure, but there are drugs that decelerate the progression of MS. Traditional therapies are disease-modifying drugs that control disease severity. MS drugs that are currently marketed mainly aim at the immune system; however, increasing attention is being paid to the development of new treatment strategies targeting the CNS. Further, the number of neuroprotective drugs is presently undergoing clinical trials and may prove useful for the improvement of neuronal function and survival. In this review, we have summarized the recent application of drugs used in MS treatment, mainly introducing new drugs with immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, or regenerative properties and their possible treatment strategies for MS. Additionally, we have presented Food and Drug Administration-approved MS treatment drugs and their administration methods, mechanisms of action, safety, and effectiveness, thereby evaluating their treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Denglei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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