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Luo H, Zhou J, Lin G, Huang X, Yang Y, Wu Y. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure 20 antidepressants in human serum. Bioanalysis 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39316011 DOI: 10.1080/17576180.2024.2401283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study used high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify the blood concentrations of 20 antidepressants, such as bupropion and fluoxetine, in human serum samples.Methods: After direct precipitation with a 1:9 protein precipitant of methanol and acetonitrile, serum samples were examined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The material was separated using a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column (3.0 mm × 50 mm, 2.7 μm) and gradient elution. The mobile phases were phase A 0.01% formic acid aqueous solution (containing 2 mmol/ml ammonium acetate) and phase B methanol solution. A 0.45 ml/min flow rate was used to divide the sample and inject 5 μl. Electrospray ionization source positive ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring modes were used for analysis. Measurement was quantified using an internal standard technique.Results: Accuracy ranged from 90.3 to 114.3%, intra-day precision from 100.1 to 112.3%, inter-day precision from 100.4 to 112.6%, extraction recoveries from 85.5 to 114.5% and matrix effect from 85.6 to 98.7%.Conclusion: This approach is fast, accurate, sensitive and repeatable. It can identify 20 antidepressants in blood simultaneously. This can be used to monitor blood drug levels and medication metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine & Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Jianwei Zhou, R&D center, DaRui Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guanfeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine & Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine & Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine & Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine & Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Moharir S, Akotkar L, Aswar U, Kumar D, Gawade B, Pal K, Rane R. Improved Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profile of Deuterium-Reinforced Tricyclic Antidepressants Doxepin, Dosulepin, and Clomipramine in Animal Models. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024; 49:181-190. [PMID: 38172422 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Doxepin, dosulepin, and clomipramine are tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) that act as serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. The metabolites formed by N-dealkylation of these tricyclic antidepressants contribute to overall poor pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Deuteration of the methyl groups at metabolically active sites has been reported to be a useful strategy for developing more selective and potent antidepressants. This isotopic deuteration can lead to better bioavailability and overall effectiveness. The objective is to study the effect of site-selective deuteration of TCAs on their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile by comparison with their nondeuterated counterparts. METHODS In the current study, the pharmacokinetic profile and antidepressant behavior of deuterated TCAs were evaluated using the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), using male Wistar rats and male Swiss albino mice, respectively; additionally, a synaptosomal reuptake study was carried out. RESULTS Compared with the nondeuterated parent drugs, deuterated forms showed improved efficacy in the behavior paradigm, indicating improved pharmacological activity. The pharmacokinetic parameters indicated increased maximum concentration in the plasma (Cmax), elimination half-life (t1/2), and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) in deuterated compounds. This can have a positive clinical impact on antidepressant treatment. Synaptosomal reuptake studies indicated marked inhibition of the reuptake mechanism of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine. CONCLUSIONS Deuterated TCAs can prove to be potentially better molecules in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders as compared with nondeuterated compounds. In addition, we have demonstrated a concept that metabolically active, site-selective deuteration can be beneficial for improving the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of TCAs. A further toxicological study of these compounds is needed to validate their future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyash Moharir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411038, India
| | - Likhit Akotkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411038, India
| | - Urmila Aswar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411038, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411038, India
| | - Bapu Gawade
- Cleanchem Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd., Kopar-Khairane, Navi Mumbai, 400710, India
| | - Kavita Pal
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Rajesh Rane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, 411038, India.
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Ciuca MD, Racovita RC. Development of Visible Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Tricyclic Antidepressants Based on Formation of Molecular Complexes with p-Benzoquinones. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16744. [PMID: 38069067 PMCID: PMC10706237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tricyclic antidepressants are commonly employed in the management of major depressive disorders. The present work describes two visible (VIS) spectrophotometric techniques that utilize the formation of charge transfer complexes between four antidepressant compounds, namely, amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMI), imipramine hydrochloride (IMI), clomipramine hydrochloride (CLO), and trimipramine maleate (TRI) acting as electron donors and two p-benzoquinones, namely, p-chloranilic acid (pCA) and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), serving as electron acceptors. The stoichiometry of the compounds produced exhibited a consistent 1:1 ratio in all instances, as established by Job's method. Molar absorptivities, equilibrium association constants, and several other spectroscopic properties were determined for all complexes. The developed spectrophotometric techniques were validated intra-laboratory and successfully applied for quantitative assessment of the four antidepressant active ingredients in several commercial pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are relatively simple, fast, and use readily available laboratory instrumentation, making them easily applicable by most quality control laboratories worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radu C. Racovita
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
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Role of serum amitriptyline concentration and CYP2C19 polymorphism in predicting the response to low-dose amitriptyline in irritable bowel syndrome. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1422-1427. [PMID: 33753003 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-dose amitriptyline (AMT) is an effective treatment for diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Its efficacy depends upon its serum concentration and the patient's CYP2C19 genotype. AIMS To identify the association between serum AMT and nortriptyline (NT) concentration and CYP2C19 polymorphism and the clinical response in IBS-D patients. METHODS Ninety IBS-D patients were treated of AMT for 6 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by the results of the Adequate Relief question each week and an IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. CYP2C19 genotyping was performed by direct sequencing. AMT and NT steady-state serum concentrations were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS The CYP2C19 polymorphism exhibited a significant influence on the NT serum concentration but did not predict the clinical efficacy of AMT for treating IBS-D. The NT steady-state and dose-corrected serum concentrations were significantly correlated with an improvement in the IBS-SSS score after 6 weeks, whereas the AMT serum concentration was not correlated with clinical improvement. The cut-off NT steady-state serum concentration of 2.91 ng/ml may help distinguish responders from non-responders. CONCLUSIONS NT serum concentration but not CYP2C19 polymorphism may be correlated with the clinical efficacy of AMT for treating IBS-D, and such a response may occur at the upper NT threshold of 2.91 ng/ml.
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Investigating the Utility of Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction and HPLC-UV-Vis/DAD to Determine Antidepressant Drugs in Environmental Aqueous Samples. SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is considered to be one of the most prevalent mental disorders in humans. Antidepressant drugs are released in large concentrations and cause adverse effects on the environment and/or human health. Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction (FPSE), a contemporary solid sorbent-handling technique, is a quick, sensitive, and simple analytical process. This paper describes a micro-extraction FPSE procedure coupled with High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography–Photodiode Array Detection (FPSE-HPLC–DAD) for the simultaneous extraction and analysis of five antidepressants, namely citalopram, clozapine, mirtazapine, bupropion and sertraline. Three fabric media (Whatman Cellulose filter, Whatman Microfiber Glass filter and Polylactic acid disks) and two different sol–gel sorbents (polyethylene glycol (PEG 300), alongside poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG 5.800)) were tested. The best FPSE device was observed to be the microfiber glass filter coated with PEG 300 sol–gel sorbent. In addition, the parameters that affect the efficiency of the process (FPSE media and sorbents, sample pH, extraction time, elution time, etc.) were optimized. The proposed methodology displays a linear range with absolute recovery values higher than 60%, RSD% of less than 13% and LOQs in the range between 1.9–10.7 μg·L−1. Finally, the method was applied in hospital and urban effluents and lake water samples, but none of the analytes were detected.
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Manousi N, Samanidou VF. Recent Advances in the HPLC Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Bio-Samples. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:24-38. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190617150518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
:
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are a group of the main category of antidepressant drugs,
which are commonly prescribed to treat major depressive disorder. Determination of TCA drugs is
very important for clinical and forensic toxicology, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring in various
biofluids. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a well-established technique for
this purpose. A lot of progress has been made in this field since the past 10 years. Novel extraction
techniques, and novel materials for sample preparation, novel columns and novel applications of analysis
of various biofluids for the determination of TCAs in combination with other drugs are some typical
examples. Moreover, advances have been performed in terms of Green Analytical Chemistry principles.
Herein, we aim to discuss the developed HPLC methods that were reported in the literature for
the time span of 2008-2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Victoria F. Samanidou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Zilfidou E, Kabir A, Furton KG, Samanidou V. An improved fabric phase sorptive extraction method for the determination of five selected antidepressant drug residues in human blood serum prior to high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1125:121720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Saini A, Kaur R, Singh N, Kuwar A, Kaur N. High Performance Fluorescent Turn-On Probe for Amitriptyline Based on Hybrid Nanoassembly of Organic-Inorganic Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:135-143. [PMID: 35016336 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence methods have gained enormous attention due to their ease in use, simplicity, selectivity and sensitivity. Fluorescent chemosensors respond instantly by converting molecular recognition to fluorescent signals. The consumption of pharmaceutical products by living beings is on great increase. The disposal of such compounds in the environment is a matter of great concern as these compounds enter aquatic environment and show accumulation in tissues of aquatic organisms. In the present study, we have utilized naphthalimide based receptors to fabricate organic nanoparticles (ONPs). These ONPs were used for the development of hybrid nanoassemblies, and the developed nanoassemblies were characterized with the help of transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering studies. The photophysical studies were performed and the hybrid assembly developed using receptor 2 demonstrated a turn-on fluorescence emission behavior on binding with Amitriptyline. The present sensing system acted as promising candidate for determination of Amitriptyline among other contending drug molecules. The established system can recognize Amitriptyline up to a detection limit of 48 nM in aqueous medium. Electrochemical recognition studies show binding of hybrid nanoassembly of receptor 2 with Amitriptyline with limit of detection of 21 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Rupanagar, Panjab 140 001, India
| | - Anil Kuwar
- School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425 001, India
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Jalilian N, Asgharinezhad AA, Ebrahimzadeh H, Molaei K, Karami S. Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Based on Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles Coupled with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction as an Efficient Method for Simultaneous Extraction of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Drugs. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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A simple poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene)-coated glass blood spot method for monitoring of seven antidepressants using capillary liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 188:772-778. [PMID: 30029445 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, selective and sensitive monitoring method for the simultaneous determination of the widely-prescribed antidepressants agomelatine, bupropion, citalopram, fluoxetine, mirtazapine, paroxetine, trazodone in just a human blood drop is here developed and validated. This methodology is based on the use of lab manufactured poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene)-coated glass (PS-DVB) blood spot for the extraction of the analytes and their subsequent separation and detection by capillary liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CLC-MS). Briefly, 10 mm-side squares were punched out from blood spots collected on glass substrate coated by 10 µg of the PS-DVB polymer and eluted with 1.0 mL of 2.0% acetic acid in methanol. The analytes were then separated and detected in less than 20 min by capillary CLC-MS using a Jupiter 4 µm Proteo 90 Å column and water: acetonitrile (20:80 v/v) and ammonium acetate (5 mM, pH 3.0) as mobile phase. Limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.018 to 0.038 µg mL-1, and remarkable precision values for the responses and retention times lower than 5.89% and 1.92% were calculated, respectively. Moreover, accuracy values ranging between 85% and 104% were obtained.
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Siddiqui MR, AlOthman ZA, Rahman N. Analytical techniques in pharmaceutical analysis: A review. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Rosado T, Gonçalves A, Martinho A, Alves G, Duarte AP, Domingues F, Silvestre S, Granadeiro LB, Oliveira V, Leitão C, Gallardo E. Simultaneous Quantification of Antidepressants and Metabolites in Urine and Plasma Samples by GC–MS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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13
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Antidepressants detection and quantification in whole blood samples by GC–MS/MS, for forensic purposes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:496-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Esteve-Romero J, Albiol-Chiva J, Peris-Vicente J. A review on development of analytical methods to determine monitorable drugs in serum and urine by micellar liquid chromatography using direct injection. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 926:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rani S, Malik AK, Kaur R, Kaur R. A Review for the Analysis of Antidepressant, Antiepileptic and Quinolone Type Drugs in Pharmaceuticals and Environmental Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 46:424-42. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2016.1141670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susheela Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Ripneel Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Simultaneous determination of cyclic antidepressants and their related drugs and the estimation of new metabolites in human whole blood and urine by MALDI-QTOF-mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-016-0313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Chang D, Gao Y, Wang L, Liu G, Chen Y, Wang T, Tao W, Mei L, Huang L, Zeng X. Polydopamine-based surface modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as pH-sensitive drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 463:279-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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A platinum wire coated with a composite consisting of poly pyrrole and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) for solid phase microextraction of the antidepressant imipramine prior to its determination via ion mobility spectrometry. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Simple and Accurate Quantitative Analysis of 16 Antipsychotics and Antidepressants in Human Plasma by Ultrafast High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Ther Drug Monit 2015; 37:649-60. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zang X, Peng J, Zhou M, Peng H. A high selective and sensitive method for the detection of six psychotropic drugs in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography combined with resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11485c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly selective and sensitive method of high performance liquid chromatography combined with resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra was developed for the detection of six psychotropic drugs: Doxepin, Promethazine, Imipramine, Amitriptyline, Chlorpromazine and Clomipramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- P. R. China
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- P. R. China
| | - Mingqiong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- P. R. China
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- P. R. China
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Sempio C, Morini L, Vignali C, Groppi A. Simple and sensitive screening and quantitative determination of 88 psychoactive drugs and their metabolites in blood through LC–MS/MS: Application on postmortem samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 970:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wu HF, Kailasa SK, Yan JY, Chin CC, Ku HY. Comparison of single-drop microextraction with microvolume pipette extraction directly coupled with capillary electrophoresis for extraction and separation of tricyclic antidepressant drugs. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xu R, Lee HK. Application of electro-enhanced solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1350:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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dos Santos MF, Ferri CC, Seulin SC, Leyton V, Pasqualucci CAG, Muñoz DR, Yonamine M. Determination of antidepressants in whole blood using hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Effect of a single dose of escitalopram on serotonin concentration in the non-human and human primate brain. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 16:1577-86. [PMID: 23351590 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145712001617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed for treatment of psychiatric disorders. The exact mechanism underlying the clinical effects of SSRIs remains unclear, although increased synaptic serotonin concentrations have been hypothesized to be an initial step. [¹¹C]AZ10419369 is a novel 5-HT(1B) receptor selective radioligand, which is sensitive to changes in endogenous serotonin concentrations. To assess whether a single dose of the SSRI escitalopram affects endogenous serotonin concentrations in serotonergic projection areas and in the raphe nuclei (RN), three cynomolgus monkeys and nine human subjects underwent PET examinations with [¹¹C]AZ10419369 at baseline conditions and after escitalopram administration. In monkeys, the binding potential (BP(ND)) was significantly lower post dose compared to baseline in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, occipital cortex, thalamus, midbrain and RN (p < 0.05). In humans, the BP(ND) tended to decrease in RN post dose (p = 0.08). In all serotonergic projection areas, the BP(ND) was conversely higher post dose compared to baseline. The increase was significant in a combined region of all projection areas (p = 0.01) and in occipital and temporal cortex (p < 0.05). SSRIs are generally assumed to elevate endogenous serotonin concentrations in projection areas, evoking the antidepressant effect. In the present study, a single, clinically relevant, dose of escitalopram was found to decrease serotonin concentrations in serotonergic projection areas in humans. Hypothetically, desensitization of inhibitory serotonergic autoreceptors will cause the serotonin concentration in projection areas to increase over time with chronic administration. Thus, the findings in the present study might aid in understanding the mechanism of SSRIs' delayed onset of clinical effect.
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Breaud AR, Henemyre-Harris CL, Schools S, Emezienna N, Clarke W. Rapid quantification of the aminoglycoside arbekacin in serum using high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 418:102-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Saraji M, Mehrafza N, Bidgoli AAH, Jafari MT. Determination of desipramine in biological samples using liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction combined with in-syringe derivatization, gas chromatography, and nitrogen/phosphorus detection. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2637-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saraji
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
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Hammett-Stabler C, Cotten SW. An introduction to drug testing: the expanding role of mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 902:1-13. [PMID: 22767103 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-934-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids is the foundation of both therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and toxicology. Though different in their application, each discipline depends upon accurate identification and quantification if the measurements are to be useful. Thousands of methods are described for drug analysis but until recently most have relied upon analytical tools, such as spectrophotometry and immunoassay, that suffer from lack of specificity and sensitivity. The introduction of methods based on mass spectrometry (MS), coupled to gas or liquid chromatography, has revolutionized these areas. The methods are proving to be robust, versatile, and economical. This chapter introduces the reader to the application of MS to TDM and toxicology, the steps that should be considered during implementation, and the processes that should be implemented to assure continued quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hammett-Stabler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Solid-phase microextraction based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated magnetic nanoparticles for determination of antidepressants from biological fluids. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ashour S, Kattan N. Simultaneous determination of nortriptyline hydrochloride and fluphenazine hydrochloride in microgram quantities from low dosage forms by liquid chromatography-UV detection. J Pharm Anal 2012; 2:437-442. [PMID: 29403779 PMCID: PMC5760916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method for the simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nortriptyline hydrochloride and fluphenazine hydrochloride was developed and validated. Fluvastatin sodium was used as internal standard. The determination was performed on a Hypersil Gold C8 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) at 25 °C; the mobile phase, consisting of a mixture of formic acid (0.1 M, pH 2.16)-methanol (33:67, v/v), was delivered at a flow rate of 1.1 mL/min and detector wavelength at 251 nm. The retention time of nortriptyline, fluphenazine and fluvastatin was found to be 5.11, 8.05 and 11.38 min, respectively. Linearity ranges were 5.0–1350.0 and 10.0–1350.0 μg/mL with limit of detection values of 0.72 and 0.31 μg/mL, for nortriptyline and fluphenazine, respectively. Results of assay and recovery studies were statistically evaluated for its accuracy and precision. Correlation coefficients (r2) of the regression equations were greater than 0.999 in all cases. According to the validation results, the proposed method was found to be specific, accurate, precise and could be applied to the simultaneous quantitative analysis of nortriptyline and fluphenazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Ashour
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Nuha Kattan
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
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Garg U, Ferguson A. Challenges in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Classical Tricyclic and Newer Antidepressants. Ther Drug Monit 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385467-4.00013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kittlaus S, Schimanke J, Kempe G, Speer K. Assessment of sample cleanup and matrix effects in the pesticide residue analysis of foods using postcolumn infusion in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8399-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Elhamili A, Samuelsson J, Bergquist J, Wetterhall M. Optimizing the extraction, separation and quantification of tricyclic antidepressant drugs in human plasma with CE-ESI-TOF-MS using cationic-coated capillaries. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:647-58. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Quantification of antidepressants and antipsychotics in human serum by precipitation and ultra high pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Plenis A, Bączek T. Modern chromatographic and electrophoretic measurements of antidepressants and their metabolites in biofluids. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:164-98. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Breaud AR, Harlan R, Di Bussolo JM, McMillin GA, Clarke W. A rapid and fully-automated method for the quantitation of tricyclic antidepressants in serum using turbulent-flow liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:825-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Quantification of nortriptyline in plasma by HPLC and fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:841-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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