1
|
Kamiyama Y, Naritomi Y, Moriya Y, Yamamoto S, Kitahashi T, Maekawa T, Yahata M, Hanada T, Uchiyama A, Noumaru A, Koga Y, Higuchi T, Ito M, Komatsu H, Miyoshi S, Kimura S, Umeda N, Fujita E, Tanaka N, Sugita T, Takayama S, Kurogi A, Yasuda S, Sato Y. Biodistribution studies for cell therapy products: Current status and issues. Regen Ther 2021; 18:202-216. [PMID: 34307798 PMCID: PMC8282960 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Information on the biodistribution (BD) of cell therapy products (CTPs) is essential for prediction and assessment of their efficacy and toxicity profiles in non-clinical and clinical studies. To conduct BD studies, it is necessary to understand regulatory requirements, implementation status, and analytical methods. This review aimed at surveying international and Japanese trends concerning the BD study for CTPs and the following subjects were investigated, which were considered particularly important: 1) comparison of guidelines to understand the regulatory status of BD studies in a global setting; 2) case studies of the BD study using databases to understand its current status in cell therapy; 3) case studies on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) used primarily in non-clinical BD studies for CTPs; and 4) survey of imaging methods used for non-clinical and clinical BD studies. The results in this review will be a useful resource for implementing BD studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiteru Kamiyama
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoichi Naritomi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuu Moriya
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Syunsuke Yamamoto
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kitahashi
- Bioscience & Engineering Laboratory, FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Maekawa
- Bioscience & Engineering Laboratory, FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-Machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yahata
- Preclinical Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hanada
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo.Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Uchiyama
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akari Noumaru
- Kumamoto Laboratories, LSIM Safety Institute Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Koga
- Kumamoto Laboratories, LSIM Safety Institute Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Higuchi
- Non-clinical Development, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Tsukuba Research Institute, BoZo Research Center Inc., 8 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Komatsu
- Science BD Department, CMIC Pharma Science Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sosuke Miyoshi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Kimura
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Umeda
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eriko Fujita
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoko Tanaka
- Evaluation Center, Terumo Corporation, 1500 Inokuchi, Nakai-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Sugita
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Takayama
- Cell Therapy Technology, Healthcare R&D Center, Asahi Kasei Corporation, 2-1 Samejima, Fuji-Shi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kurogi
- Regenerative Medicine Research & Planning Division, ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lechermann LM, Lau D, Attili B, Aloj L, Gallagher FA. In Vivo Cell Tracking Using PET: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation in Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4042. [PMID: 34439195 PMCID: PMC8392745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is a rapidly evolving field involving a wide spectrum of therapeutic cells for personalised medicine in cancer. In vivo imaging and tracking of cells can provide useful information for improving the accuracy, efficacy, and safety of cell therapies. This review focuses on radiopharmaceuticals for the non-invasive detection and tracking of therapeutic cells using positron emission tomography (PET). A range of approaches for imaging therapeutic cells is discussed: Direct ex vivo labelling of cells, in vivo indirect labelling of cells by utilising gene reporters, and detection of specific antigens expressed on the target cells using antibody-based radiopharmaceuticals (immuno-PET). This review examines the evaluation of PET imaging methods for therapeutic cell tracking in preclinical cancer models, their role in the translation into patients, first-in-human studies, as well as the translational challenges involved and how they can be overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Lechermann
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.A.); (L.A.); (F.A.G.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Doreen Lau
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.A.); (L.A.); (F.A.G.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Bala Attili
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.A.); (L.A.); (F.A.G.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Luigi Aloj
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.A.); (L.A.); (F.A.G.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.A.); (L.A.); (F.A.G.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Galea N, Bandera F, Lauri C, Autore C, Laghi A, Erba PA. Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnostic Work-Up of Endocarditis and Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) Infection. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2237. [PMID: 32674517 PMCID: PMC7408824 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious cardiac condition, which includes a wide range of clinical presentations, with varying degrees of severity. The diagnosis is multifactorial and a proper characterization of disease requires the identification of the primary site of infection (usually the cardiac valve) and the search of secondary systemic complications. Early depiction of local complications or distant embolization has a great impact on patient management and prognosis, as it may induce to aggressive antibiotic treatment or, in more advanced cases, cardiac surgery. In this setting, the multimodality imaging has assumed a pivotal role in the clinical decision making and it requires the physician to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of each imaging technique. Echocardiography is the first imaging test, but it has several limitations. Therefore, the integration with other imaging modalities (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) becomes often necessary. Different strategies should be applied depending on whether the infection is suspected or already ascertained, whether located in native or prosthetic valves, in the left or right chambers, or if it involves an implanted cardiac device. In addition, detection of extracardiac IE-related lesions is crucial for a correct management and treatment. The aim of this review is to illustrate strengths and weaknesses of the various methods in the most common clinical scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Galea
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandera
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology University Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan, 1, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauri
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Camillo Autore
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Laghi
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Anna Erba
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guzman-Martinez L, Maccioni RB, Andrade V, Navarrete LP, Pastor MG, Ramos-Escobar N. Neuroinflammation as a Common Feature of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1008. [PMID: 31572186 PMCID: PMC6751310 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases share the fact that they derive from altered proteins that undergo an unfolding process followed by formation of β-structures and a pathological tendency to self-aggregate in neuronal cells. This is a characteristic of tau protein in Alzheimer’s disease and several tauopathies associated with tau unfolding, α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease, and huntingtin in Huntington disease. Usually, the self-aggregation products are toxic to these cells, and toxicity spreads all over different brain areas. We have postulated that these protein unfolding events are the molecular alterations that trigger several neurodegenerative disorders. Most interestingly, these events occur as a result of neuroinflammatory cascades involving alterations in the cross-talks between glial cells and neurons as a consequence of the activation of microglia and astrocytes. The model we have hypothesized for Alzheimer’s disease involves damage signals that promote glial activation, followed by nuclear factor NF-kβ activation, synthesis, and release of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-12 that affect neuronal receptors with an overactivation of protein kinases. These patterns of pathological events can be applied to several neurodegenerative disorders. In this context, the involvement of innate immunity seems to be a major paradigm in the pathogenesis of these diseases. This is an important element for the search for potential therapeutic approaches for all these brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Guzman-Martinez
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo B Maccioni
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Andrade
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Patricio Navarrete
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
| | - María Gabriela Pastor
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Ramos-Escobar
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile & International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
New Strategies and In Vivo Monitoring Methods for Stem Cell-Based Anticancer Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7315218. [PMID: 30581474 PMCID: PMC6276456 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7315218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and the second cause of death in the developed world. Despite significant advances in recent years, such as the introduction of targeted therapies such as receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy, current approaches are insufficient to stop the advance of the disease and many cancer types remain largely intractable. In this review, we describe the latest and most revolutionary stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of cancer. We also summarize the emerging imaging modalities being applied for monitoring anticancer stem cell therapy success and discuss the implications of these novel technologies for precision medicine.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sollini M, Berchiolli R, Kirienko M, Rossi A, Glaudemans AWJM, Slart R, Erba PA. PET/MRI in Infection and Inflammation. Semin Nucl Med 2018; 48:225-241. [PMID: 29626940 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) systems are now more and more available for clinical use. PET/MR combines the unique features of MR including excellent soft tissue contrast, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, fMRI and other specialized sequences as well as MR spectroscopy with the quantitative physiologic information that is provided by PET. Most of the evidence of the potential clinical utility of PET/MRI is available for neuroimaging. Other areas, where PET/MR can play a larger role include head and neck, upper abdominal, and pelvic tumours. Although the role of PET/MR in infection and inflammation of the cardiovascular system and in musculoskeletal applications are promising, these areas of clinical investigation are still in the early phase and it may be a little longer before these areas reach their full potential in clinical practice. In this review, we outline the potential of hybrid PET/MR for imaging infection and inflammation. A background to the main radiopharmaceuticals and some technical considerations are also included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sollini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Berchiolli
- Vascular Surgery Unit Department of Translational Research and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Margarita Kirienko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexia Rossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - A W J M Glaudemans
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Riemer Slart
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.; University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Anna Erba
- Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Translational Research and Advanced, Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy..
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, it has become clear that long-term engraftment of any ex vivo expanded cell product transplanted into injured myocardium is modest and all therapeutic regeneration is mediated by stimulation of endogenous repair rather than differentiation of transplanted cells into working myocardium. Given that increasing the retention of transplanted cells boosts myocardial function, focus on the fundamental mechanisms limiting retention and survival of transplanted cells may enable strategies to help to restore normal cardiac function. Areas covered: This review outlines the challenges confronting cardiac engraftment of ex vivo expanded cells and explores means of enhancing cell-mediated repair of injured myocardium. Expert opinion: Stem cell therapy has already come a long way in terms of regenerating damaged hearts though the poor retention of transplanted cells limits the full potential of truly cardiotrophic cell products. Multifaceted strategies directed towards fundamental mechanisms limiting the long-term survival of transplanted cells will be needed to enhance transplanted cell retention and cell-mediated repair of damaged myocardium for cardiac cell therapy to reach its full potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Darryl R Davis
- a University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Leyns CEG, Holtzman DM. Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:50. [PMID: 28662669 PMCID: PMC5492997 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are a broad set of neurodegenerative dementias characterized by aggregation of the tau protein into filamentous inclusions that can be found in neurons and glial cells. Activated microglia, astrocytes and elevated levels of proinflammatory molecules are also pathological hallmarks that are found in brain regions affected by tau pathology. There has been abundant research in recent years to understand the role of gliosis and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is the most common form of dementia. AD is a tauopathy characterized by both extracellular amyloid-β plaques in addition to intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads containing aggregated tau protein. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation offers a possible mechanistic link between these pathologies. Additionally, there appears to be a role for neuroinflammation in aggravating tau pathology and neurodegeneration in tauopathies featuring tau deposits as the predominant pathological signature. In this review, we survey the literature regarding inflammatory mechanisms that may impact neurodegeneration in AD and related tauopathies. We consider a physical role for microglia in the spread of tau pathology as well as the non-cell autonomous effects of secreted proinflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and complement proteins. These molecules appear to have direct effects on tau pathophysiology and overall neuronal health. They also indirectly impact neuronal homeostasis by altering glial function. We conclude by proposing a complex role for gliosis and neuroinflammation in accelerating the progression of AD and other tauopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E. G. Leyns
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mitsutake Y, Pyun WB, Rouy D, Foo CWP, Stertzer SH, Altman P, Ikeno F. Improvement of Local Cell Delivery Using Helix Transendocardial Delivery Catheter in a Porcine Heart. Int Heart J 2017; 58:435-440. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.16-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wook Bum Pyun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University
- Division of Cardiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Simon H. Stertzer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University
- BioCardia Inc
| | | | - Fumiaki Ikeno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fairclough M, Prenant C, Ellis B, Boutin H, McMahon A, Brown G, Locatelli P, Jones A. A new technique for the radiolabelling of mixed leukocytes with zirconium-89 for inflammation imaging with positron emission tomography. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:270-6. [PMID: 27061114 PMCID: PMC5074313 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mixed leukocyte (white blood cells [WBCs]) trafficking using positron emission tomography (PET) is receiving growing interest to diagnose and monitor inflammatory conditions. PET, a high sensitivity molecular imaging technique, allows precise quantification of the signal produced from radiolabelled moieties. We have evaluated a new method for radiolabelling WBCs with either zirconium-89 ((89) Zr) or copper-64 ((64) Cu) for PET imaging. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) were produced by a process of ionotropic gelation and used to deliver radiometals into WBCs. Experiments were carried out using mixed WBCs freshly isolated from whole human blood. WBCs radiolabelling efficiency was higher with [(89) Zr]-loaded CN (76.8 ± 9.6% (n = 12)) than with [(64) Cu]-loaded CN (26.3 ± 7.0 % (n = 7)). [(89) Zr]-WBCs showed an initial loss of 28.4 ± 5.8% (n = 2) of the radioactivity after 2 h. This loss was then followed by a plateau as (89) Zr remains stable in the cells. [(64) Cu]-WBCs showed a loss of 85 ± 6% (n = 3) of the radioactivity after 1 h, which increased to 96 ± 6% (n = 3) loss after 3 h. WBC labelling with [(89) Zr]-loaded CN showed a fast kinetic of leukocyte association, high labelling efficiency and a relatively good retention of the radioactivity. This method using (89) Zr has a potential application for PET imaging of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Prenant
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging CentreManchesterUK
| | - B. Ellis
- NHS Foundation TrustCentral Manchester University HospitalManchesterUK
| | - H. Boutin
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging CentreManchesterUK
| | - A. McMahon
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging CentreManchesterUK
| | - G. Brown
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging CentreManchesterUK
| | - P. Locatelli
- Materials Science BuildingUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - A.K.P. Jones
- Clinical Sciences BuildingSalford Royal NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
In Vivo Tracking of Cell Therapies for Cardiac Diseases with Nuclear Medicine. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3140120. [PMID: 26880951 PMCID: PMC4737458 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3140120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though heart diseases are amongst the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the world, existing treatments are limited in restoring cardiac lesions. Cell transplantations, originally developed for the treatment of hematologic ailments, are presently being explored in preclinical and clinical trials for cardiac diseases. Nonetheless, little is known about the possible efficacy and mechanisms for these therapies and they are the center of continuous investigation. In this scenario, noninvasive imaging techniques lead to greater comprehension of cell therapies. Radiopharmaceutical cell labeling, firstly developed to track leukocytes, has been used successfully to evaluate the migration of cell therapies for myocardial diseases. A substantial rise in the amount of reports employing this methodology has taken place in the previous years. We will review the diverse radiopharmaceuticals, imaging modalities, and results of experimental and clinical studies published until now. Also, we report on current limitations and potential advances of radiopharmaceutical labeling for cell therapies in cardiac diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Naumova AV, Modo M, Moore A, Murry CE, Frank JA. Clinical imaging in regenerative medicine. Nat Biotechnol 2014; 32:804-18. [PMID: 25093889 PMCID: PMC4164232 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, clinical imaging is indispensable for characterizing damaged tissue and for measuring the safety and efficacy of therapy. However, the ability to track the fate and function of transplanted cells with current technologies is limited. Exogenous contrast labels such as nanoparticles give a strong signal in the short term but are unreliable long term. Genetically encoded labels are good both short- and long-term in animals, but in the human setting they raise regulatory issues related to the safety of genomic integration and potential immunogenicity of reporter proteins. Imaging studies in brain, heart and islets share a common set of challenges, including developing novel labeling approaches to improve detection thresholds and early delineation of toxicity and function. Key areas for future research include addressing safety concerns associated with genetic labels and developing methods to follow cell survival, differentiation and integration with host tissue. Imaging may bridge the gap between cell therapies and health outcomes by elucidating mechanisms of action through longitudinal monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Naumova
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michel Modo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,Centre for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna Moore
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles E Murry
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph A Frank
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA,National Institutes of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang JX, Wang K, Mao ZF, Fan X, Jiang DL, Chen M, Cui L, Sun K, Dang SC. Application of liposomes in drug development--focus on gastroenterological targets. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1325-34. [PMID: 23630417 PMCID: PMC3623572 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s42153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, liposomes became a focal point in developing drug delivery systems. New liposomes, with novel lipid molecules or conjugates, and new formulations opened possibilities for safely and efficiently treating many diseases including cancers. New types of liposomes can prolong circulation time or specifically deliver drugs to therapeutic targets. This article concentrates on current developments in liposome based drug delivery systems for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. We will review different types and uses of liposomes in the development of therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Fa Mao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Li Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Chun Dang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|