Multimodality images of myofibroblastoma in the male breast: A case report and a review of the literature

Imaging the Male Breast: Gynecomastia, Male Breast Cancer, and Beyond

The number of men undergoing breast imaging has increased in recent years, according to some reports. Most male breast concerns are related to benign causes, most commonly gynecomastia. The range of abnormalities typically encountered in the male breast is less broad than that encountered in women, given that lobule formation rarely occurs in men. Other benign causes of male breast palpable abnormalities with characteristic imaging findings include lipomas, sebaceous or epidermal inclusion cysts, and intramammary lymph nodes. Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, representing up to 1% of breast cancer cases, but some data indicate that its incidence is increasing. MBC demonstrates some clinical features that overlap with those of gynecomastia, including a propensity for the subareolar breast. Men with breast cancer tend to present at a later stage than do women. MBC typically has similar imaging features to those of female breast cancer, often characterized by an irregular mass that may have associated calcifications. Occasionally, however, MBC has a benign-appearing imaging phenotype, with an oval shape and circumscribed margins, and therefore most solid breast masses in men require tissue diagnosis. Histopathologic evaluation may alternatively reveal other benign breast masses found in men, including papillomas, myofibroblastomas, and hemangiomas. Radiologists must be familiar with the breadth of male breast abnormalities to meet the rising challenge of caring for these patients. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.

Male breast myofibroblastoma: Imaging features and ultrasound-guided core biopsy diagnosis

Mammary myofibroblastoma is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that typically presents in older men and women. Less commonly, these benign tumors may also occur in soft tissues located outside of the breast, in which case they are referred to as mammary-type myofibroblastomas. The histologic composition of this benign spindle cell tumor can be markedly varied. We present one such case of myofibroblastoma of the male breast, describing its sonographic appearance and its diagnosis using ultrasound-guided core biopsy.

Mammary Myofibroblastoma: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

Mammary myofibroblastoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor composed of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and a variable number of adipocytes. Mammary myofibroblastoma usually occurs in men of older age and is less common in postmenopausal women. It may also happen in extramammary sites along the milk line. In this instance, it is referred to as mammary-type myofibroblastoma. Rarely multifocal and bilateral tumors have been described. Clinically and radiologically, it can be misinterpreted as a malignant tumor due to its rarity. Size usually does not exceed 3 cm. The diagnosis requires clinicopathological correlation with morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation, especially in limited biopsy specimens. We herewith describe a rare case of mammary myofibroblastoma in a 37-year-old female patient. We also review the literature focusing on the potential differential diagnostic issues and discuss this tumor's ultrastructural and cytogenetic findings.

Inflammatory Myofibroblastoma of the Breast: A Case Report

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare tumor with low-grade malignant risk mainly occurring in soft tissues and lungs, and it is extremely rare in the breast. Meanwhile, imaging findings of the tumor often present with non-specific features that lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Here, we report a case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the breast with the imaging findings of mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and pathologic findings to improve the understanding of the disease. The patient was treated by surgical operation, and was followed up for 44 months, no local recurrence and distant metastasis.