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Le Cong D, Sato D, Ikarashi K, Ochi G, Fujimoto T, Yamashiro K. No effect of whole-hand water flow stimulation on skill acquisition and retention during sensorimotor adaptation. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1398164. [PMID: 38911224 PMCID: PMC11190340 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1398164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Repetitive somatosensory stimulation (RSS) is a conventional approach to modulate the neural states of both the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the primary motor cortex (M1). However, the impact of RSS on skill acquisition and retention in sensorimotor adaptation remains debated. This study aimed to investigate whether whole-hand water flow (WF), a unique RSS-induced M1 disinhibition, influences sensorimotor adaptation by examining the hypothesis that whole-hand WF leads to M1 disinhibition; thereby, enhancing motor memory retention. Methods Sixty-eight young healthy participants were randomly allocated to three groups based on the preconditioning received before motor learning: control, whole-hand water immersion (WI), and whole-hand WF. The experimental protocol for all the participants spanned two consecutive days. On the initial day (day 1), baseline transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assessments (T0) were executed before any preconditioning. Subsequently, each group underwent their respective 30 min preconditioning protocol. To ascertain the influence of each preconditioning on the excitability of the M1, subsequent TMS assessments were conducted (T1). Following this, all participants engaged in the motor learning (ML) of a visuomotor tracking task, wherein they were instructed to align a cursor with a target trajectory by modulating the pinch force. Upon completion of the ML session, final TMS assessments (T2) were conducted. All participants were required to perform the same motor learning 24 h later on day 2. Results The results revealed that whole-hand WF did not significantly influence skill acquisition during sensorimotor adaptation, although it did reduce intracortical inhibition. This phenomenon is consistent with the idea that S1, rather than M1, is involved in skill acquisition during the early stages of sensorimotor adaptation. Moreover, memory retention 24 h after skill acquisition did not differ significantly across the three groups, challenging our initial hypothesis that whole-hand WF enhances memory retention throughout sensorimotor adaptation. This could be due to the inability of whole-hand WF to alter sensorimotor connectivity and integration, as well as the nature of the plastic response elicited by the preconditioning. Discussion In conclusion, these findings suggest that although whole-hand WF attenuates intracortical inhibition, it does not modulate skill acquisition or motor memory retention during sensorimotor adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat Le Cong
- Major in Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koyuki Ikarashi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Genta Ochi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujimoto
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koya Yamashiro
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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Zhou L, Jin Y, Wu D, Cun Y, Zhang C, Peng Y, Chen N, Yang X, Zhang S, Ning R, Kuang P, Wang Z, Zhang P. Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic stroke. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1177283. [PMID: 37534033 PMCID: PMC10390744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery after stroke. Animal studies have shown that TMS treatment of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological dysfunction in model rats. In addition, clinical case reports have also shown that TMS treatment has positive neuroprotective effects in stroke patients, improving a variety of post-stroke neurological deficits such as motor function, swallowing, cognitive function, speech function, central post-stroke pain, spasticity, and other post-stroke sequelae. However, even though numerous studies have shown a neuroprotective effect of TMS in stroke patients, its possible neuroprotective mechanism is not clear. Therefore, in this review, we describe the potential mechanisms of TMS to improve neurological function in terms of neurogenesis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis, and provide insight into the current clinical application of TMS in multiple neurological dysfunctions in stroke. Finally, some of the current challenges faced by TMS are summarized and some suggestions for its future research directions are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Danli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yongdan Cun
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yicheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xichen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Simei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Ning
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zuhong Wang
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Nakatani-Enomoto S, Hanajima R, Hamada M, Matsumoto H, Terao Y, Jun Groiss S, Murakami T, Abe M, Enomoto H, Kawai K, Kan R, Niwa SI, Yabe H, Ugawa Y. Quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation inducing long-term depression in healthy subjects may increase seizure risk in some patients with intractable epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2023; 8:137-142. [PMID: 37529161 PMCID: PMC10387517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnp.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation-50 (QPS-50) in patients with intractable epilepsy. Methods Four patients were included in the study. QPS-50, which induces long-term depression in healthy subjects, was administered for 30 min on a weekly basis for 12 weeks. Patients' clinical symptoms and physiological parameters were evaluated before, during, and after the repeated QPS-50 period. We performed two control experiments: the effect in MEP (Motor evoked potential) size after a single QPS-50 session with a round coil in nine healthy volunteers, and a follow-up study of physiological parameters by repeated QPS-50 sessions in four other healthy participants. Results Motor threshold (MT) decreased during the repeated QPS-50 sessions in all patients. Epileptic symptoms worsened in two patients, whereas no clinical worsening was observed in the other two patients. In contrast, MT remained unaffected for 12 weeks in all healthy volunteers. Conclusions QPS-50 may not be effective as a treatment for intractable epilepsy. Significance In intractable epilepsy patients, administering repeated QPS-50 may paradoxically render the motor cortex more excitable, probably because of abnormal inhibitory control within the epileptic cortex. The possibility of clinical aggravation should be seriously considered when treating intractable epilepsy patients with non-invasive stimulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsu Nakatani-Enomoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Care and Medical Sports, Teikyo Heisei University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ritstuko Hanajima
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Masashi Hamada
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terao
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Jun Groiss
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Neurology—Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation—and Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Takenobu Murakami
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Abe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Enomoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kawai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Rumiko Kan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Niwa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirooki Yabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Le Cong D, Sato D, Ikarashi K, Fujimoto T, Ochi G, Yamashiro K. Effect of whole-hand water flow stimulation on the neural balance between excitation and inhibition in the primary somatosensory cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:962936. [DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.962936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained peripheral somatosensory stimulations, such as high-frequency repetitive somatosensory stimulation (HF-RSS) and vibrated stimulation, are effective in altering the balance between excitation and inhibition in the somatosensory cortex (S1) and motor cortex (M1). A recent study reported that whole-hand water flow (WF) stimulation induced neural disinhibition in the M1. Based on previous results, we hypothesized that whole-hand WF stimulation would lead to neural disinhibition in the S1 because there is a strong neural connection between M1 and S1 and aimed to examine whether whole-hand WF stimulation would change the neural balance between excitation and inhibition in the S1. Nineteen healthy volunteers were studied by measuring excitation and inhibition in the S1 before and after each of the four 15-min interventions. The excitation and inhibition in the S1 were assessed using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and paired-pulse inhibition (PPI) induced by single- and paired-pulse stimulations, respectively. The four interventions were as follows: control, whole-hand water immersion, whole-hand WF, and HF-RSS. The results showed no significant changes in SEPs and PPI following any intervention. However, changes in PPI with an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 30 ms were significantly correlated with the baseline value before whole-hand WF. Thus, the present findings indicated that the whole-hand WF stimulation had a greater decreased neural inhibition in participants with higher neural inhibition in the S1 at baseline. Considering previous results on M1, the present results possibly show that S1 has lower plasticity than M1 and that the duration (15 min) of each intervention may not have been enough to alter the balance of excitation and inhibition in the S1.
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Sasaki R, Watanabe H, Onishi H. Therapeutic benefits of noninvasive somatosensory cortex stimulation on cortical plasticity and somatosensory function: a systematic review. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4669-4698. [PMID: 35804487 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optimal limb coordination requires efficient transmission of somatosensory information to the sensorimotor cortex. The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is frequently damaged by stroke, resulting in both somatosensory and motor impairments. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) to the primary motor cortex is thought to induce neural plasticity that facilitates neurorehabilitation. Several studies have also examined if NIBS to the S1 can enhance somatosensory processing as assessed by somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) and improve behavioral task performance, but it remains uncertain if NIBS can reliably modulate S1 plasticity or even whether SEPs can reflect this plasticity. This systematic review revealed that NIBS has relatively minor effects on SEPs or somatosensory task performance, but larger early SEP changes after NIBS can still predict improved performance. Similarly, decreased paired-pulse inhibition in S1 post-NIBS is associated with improved somatosensory performance. However, several studies still debate the role of inhibitory function in somatosensory performance after NIBS in terms of the direction of the change (that, disinhibition or inhibition). Altogether, early SEP and paired-pulse inhibition (particularly inter-stimulus intervals of 30-100 ms) may become useful biomarkers for somatosensory deficits, but improved NIBS protocols are required for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoki Sasaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Discipline of Physiology, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hiraku Watanabe
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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Balloff C, Penner IK, Ma M, Georgiades I, Scala L, Troullinakis N, Graf J, Kremer D, Aktas O, Hartung HP, Meuth SG, Schnitzler A, Groiss SJ, Albrecht P. The degree of cortical plasticity correlates with cognitive performance in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:403-413. [PMID: 35182811 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortical reorganization and plasticity may compensate for structural damage in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It is important to establish sensitive methods to measure these compensatory mechanisms, as they may be of prognostic value. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the degree of cortical plasticity and cognitive performance and to compare plasticity between MS patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS The amplitudes of the motor evoked potential (MEP) pre and post quadripulse stimulation (QPS) applied over the contralateral motor cortex served as measure of the degree of cortical plasticity in 63 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 55 matched HCs. The main outcomes were the correlation coefficients between the difference of MEP amplitudes post and pre QPS and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and the QPSxgroup interaction in a mixed model predicting the MEP amplitude. RESULTS SDMT and BVMT-R correlated significantly with QPS-induced cortical plasticity in RRMS patients. Plasticity was significantly reduced in patients with cognitive impairment compared to patients with preserved cognitive function and the degree of plasticity differentiated between both patient groups. Interestingly, the overall RRMS patient cohort did not show reduced plasticity compared to HCs. CONCLUSIONS We provide first evidence that QPS-induced plasticity may inform about the global synaptic plasticity in RRMS which correlates with cognitive performance as well as clinical disability. Larger longitudinal studies on patients with MS are needed to investigate the relevance and prognostic value of this measure for disease progression and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Balloff
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Iris-Katharina Penner
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany; Cogito Center for Applied Neurocognition and Neuropsychological Research, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Meng Ma
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Iason Georgiades
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lina Scala
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Troullinakis
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jonas Graf
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - David Kremer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Günther Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Jun Groiss
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Altered motor cortical plasticity in patients with hepatic encephalopathy: A paired associative stimulation study. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2332-2341. [PMID: 34454259 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a potentially reversible brain dysfunction caused by liver failure. Altered synaptic plasticity is supposed to play a major role in the pathophysiology of HE. Here, we used paired associative stimulation with an inter-stimulus interval of 25 ms (PAS25), a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol, to test synaptic plasticity of the motor cortex in patients with manifest HE. METHODS 23 HE-patients and 23 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes were assessed as measure for cortical excitability. Time courses of MEP amplitude changes after the PAS25 intervention were compared between both groups. RESULTS MEP-amplitudes increased after PAS25 in the control group, indicating PAS25-induced synaptic plasticity in healthy controls, as expected. In contrast, MEP-amplitudes within the HE group did not change and were lower than in the control group, indicating no induction of plasticity. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed reduced synaptic plasticity of the primary motor cortex in HE. SIGNIFICANCE Reduced synaptic plasticity in HE provides a link between pathological changes on the molecular level and early clinical symptoms of the disease. This decrease may be caused by disturbances in the glutamatergic neurotransmission due to the known hyperammonemia in HE patients.
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Okawada M, Kaneko F, Shibata E. Effect of primary motor cortex excitability changes after quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation on kinesthetic sensitivity: A preliminary study. Neurosci Lett 2020; 741:135483. [PMID: 33161107 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Muscle spindles provide the greatest contribution to kinesthetic perception. Primary motor cortex (M1) excitability changes in parallel with the intensity of kinesthetic perception inputs from muscle spindles; M1 is therefore involved in kinesthetic perception. However, the causal relationship between changes in kinesthetic sensitivity and M1 excitability is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test whether artificially and sustainably modulated M1 excitability causes changes in kinesthetic sensitivity in healthy individuals. We evaluated motor evoked potentials (MEP) in Experiment 1 and joint motion detection thresholds (JMDT) in Experiment 2 before and after quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (QPS). Nine healthy right-handed male volunteers were recruited. In each experiment, participants received QPS or sham stimulation (Sham) on separate days. MEP amplitude and JMDT were recorded before and at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after QPS and Sham. Our results showed that M1 excitability and kinesthetic sensitivity increased after QPS, whereas neither changed after Sham. In the five subjects who participated in both experiments, there was a significant moderate correlation between M1 excitability and kinesthetic sensitivity. Thus, the long-lasting change in kinesthetic sensitivity may be due to changes in M1 excitability. In addition, M1 may play a gain adjustment role in the neural pathways of muscle spindle input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Okawada
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17 Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shjinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Hokuto Hospital, Hokuto Social Medical Corporation, 7-5 Kisen, Inada-cho, Obihiro-shi, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fuminari Kaneko
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17 Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shjinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Eriko Shibata
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17 Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, 5-196-1, Koganechuo, Eniwa Shi, Hokkaido, Japan
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Huang YZ, Lu MK, Antal A, Classen J, Nitsche M, Ziemann U, Ridding M, Hamada M, Ugawa Y, Jaberzadeh S, Suppa A, Paulus W, Rothwell J. Plasticity induced by non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation: A position paper. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:2318-2329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kobayashi B, Cook IA, Hunter AM, Minzenberg MJ, Krantz DE, Leuchter AF. Can neurophysiologic measures serve as biomarkers for the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of major depressive disorder? Int Rev Psychiatry 2017; 29:98-114. [PMID: 28362541 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2017.1297697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). There are clinical data that support the efficacy of many different approaches to rTMS treatment, and it remains unclear what combination of stimulation parameters is optimal to relieve depressive symptoms. Because of the costs and complexity of studies that would be necessary to explore and compare the large number of combinations of rTMS treatment parameters, it would be useful to establish reliable surrogate biomarkers of treatment efficacy that could be used to compare different approaches to treatment. This study reviews the evidence that neurophysiologic measures of cortical excitability could be used as biomarkers for screening different rTMS treatment paradigms. It examines evidence that: (1) changes in excitability are related to the mechanism of action of rTMS; (2) rTMS has consistent effects on measures of excitability that could constitute reliable biomarkers; and (3) changes in excitability are related to the outcomes of rTMS treatment of MDD. An increasing body of evidence indicates that these neurophysiologic measures have the potential to serve as reliable biomarkers for screening different approaches to rTMS treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kobayashi
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Ian A Cook
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,d Department of Bioengineering , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Aimee M Hunter
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Michael J Minzenberg
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - David E Krantz
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Andrew F Leuchter
- a David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Neuromodulation Division , Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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13
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Kirimoto H, Asao A, Tamaki H, Onishi H. Non-invasive modulation of somatosensory evoked potentials by the application of static magnetic fields over the primary and supplementary motor cortices. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34509. [PMID: 27698365 PMCID: PMC5048290 DOI: 10.1038/srep34509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the possibility of non-invasive modulation of SEPs by the application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor cortex (SMA), and to measure the strength of the NdFeB magnetic field by using a gaussmeter. An NdFeB magnet or a non-magnetic stainless steel cylinder (for sham stimulation) was settled on the scalp over M1 and SMA of 14 subjects for periods of 15 min. SEPs following right median nerve stimulation were recorded before and immediately after, 5 min after, and 10 min after tSMS from sites C3′ and F3. Amplitudes of the N33 component of SEPs at C3′ significantly decreased immediately after tSMS over M1 by up to 20%. However, tSMS over the SMA did not affect the amplitude of any of the SEP components. At a distance of 2–3 cm (rough depth of the cortex), magnetic field strength was in the range of 110–190 mT. Our results that tSMS over M1 can reduce the amplitude of SEPs are consistent with those of low-frequency repeated TMS and cathodal tDCS studies. Therefore, tSMS could be a useful tool for modulating cortical somatosensory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Kirimoto
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihiko Asao
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tamaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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14
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Nakatani-Enomoto S, Hanajima R, Hamada M, Terao Y, Matsumoto H, Shirota Y, Ohminami S, Okabe S, Hirose M, Nakamura K, Furubayashi T, Groiss SJ, Kobayashi S, Mochizuki H, Enomoto H, Ugawa Y. Somatosensory-evoked potential modulation by quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with benign myoclonus epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:1560-1567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Effects of rTMS of pre-supplementary motor area on fronto basal ganglia network activity during stop-signal task. J Neurosci 2015; 35:4813-23. [PMID: 25810512 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3761-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stop-signal task (SST) has been a key paradigm for probing human brain mechanisms underlying response inhibition, and the inhibition observed in SST is now considered to largely depend on a fronto basal ganglia network consisting mainly of right inferior frontal cortex, pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), and basal ganglia, including subthalamic nucleus, striatum (STR), and globus pallidus pars interna (GPi). However, causal relationships between these frontal regions and basal ganglia are not fully understood in humans. Here, we partly examined these causal links by measuring human fMRI activity during SST before and after excitatory/inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of pre-SMA. We first confirmed that the behavioral performance of SST was improved by excitatory rTMS and impaired by inhibitory rTMS. Afterward, we found that these behavioral changes were well predicted by rTMS-induced modulation of brain activity in pre-SMA, STR, and GPi during SST. Moreover, by examining the effects of the rTMS on resting-state functional connectivity between these three regions, we showed that the magnetic stimulation of pre-SMA significantly affected intrinsic connectivity between pre-SMA and STR, and between STR and GPi. Furthermore, the magnitudes of changes in resting-state connectivity were also correlated with the behavioral changes seen in SST. These results suggest a causal relationship between pre-SMA and GPi via STR during response inhibition, and add direct evidence that the fronto basal ganglia network for response inhibition consists of multiple top-down regulation pathways in humans.
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16
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Rossini PM, Burke D, Chen R, Cohen LG, Daskalakis Z, Di Iorio R, Di Lazzaro V, Ferreri F, Fitzgerald PB, George MS, Hallett M, Lefaucheur JP, Langguth B, Matsumoto H, Miniussi C, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Paulus W, Rossi S, Rothwell JC, Siebner HR, Ugawa Y, Walsh V, Ziemann U. Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord, roots and peripheral nerves: Basic principles and procedures for routine clinical and research application. An updated report from an I.F.C.N. Committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 126:1071-1107. [PMID: 25797650 PMCID: PMC6350257 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1741] [Impact Index Per Article: 193.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
These guidelines provide an up-date of previous IFCN report on “Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures for routine clinical application” (Rossini et al., 1994). A new Committee, composed of international experts, some of whom were in the panel of the 1994 “Report”, was selected to produce a current state-of-the-art review of non-invasive stimulation both for clinical application and research in neuroscience. Since 1994, the international scientific community has seen a rapid increase in non-invasive brain stimulation in studying cognition, brain–behavior relationship and pathophysiology of various neurologic and psychiatric disorders. New paradigms of stimulation and new techniques have been developed. Furthermore, a large number of studies and clinical trials have demonstrated potential therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation, especially for TMS. Recent guidelines can be found in the literature covering specific aspects of non-invasive brain stimulation, such as safety (Rossi et al., 2009), methodology (Groppa et al., 2012) and therapeutic applications (Lefaucheur et al., 2014). This up-dated review covers theoretical, physiological and practical aspects of non-invasive stimulation of brain, spinal cord, nerve roots and peripheral nerves in the light of more updated knowledge, and include some recent extensions and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Rossini
- Institute of Neurology, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Catholic University, Policlinic A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - D Burke
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Chen
- Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Z Daskalakis
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Di Iorio
- Institute of Neurology, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Catholic University, Policlinic A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
| | - V Di Lazzaro
- Department of Neurology, University Campus Bio-medico, Rome, Italy
| | - F Ferreri
- Department of Neurology, University Campus Bio-medico, Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - P B Fitzgerald
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University Central Clinical School and The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M S George
- Medical University of South Carolina, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J P Lefaucheur
- Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France; EA 4391, Nerve Excitability and Therapeutic Team, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - B Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - H Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Miniussi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - M A Nitsche
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Paulus
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Rossi
- Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - J C Rothwell
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H R Siebner
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Y Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - V Walsh
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - U Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Kirimoto H, Tamaki H, Matsumoto T, Sugawara K, Suzuki M, Oyama M, Onishi H. Effect of Transcranial Static Magnetic Field Stimulation Over the Sensorimotor Cortex on Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Humans. Brain Stimul 2014; 7:836-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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18
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Priming sensorimotor cortex to enhance task-specific training after subcortical stroke. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:1451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Lefaucheur JP, André-Obadia N, Antal A, Ayache SS, Baeken C, Benninger DH, Cantello RM, Cincotta M, de Carvalho M, De Ridder D, Devanne H, Di Lazzaro V, Filipović SR, Hummel FC, Jääskeläinen SK, Kimiskidis VK, Koch G, Langguth B, Nyffeler T, Oliviero A, Padberg F, Poulet E, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell JC, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Siebner HR, Slotema CW, Stagg CJ, Valls-Sole J, Ziemann U, Paulus W, Garcia-Larrea L. Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:2150-2206. [PMID: 25034472 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1255] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A group of European experts was commissioned to establish guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) from evidence published up until March 2014, regarding pain, movement disorders, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, consciousness disorders, tinnitus, depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, craving/addiction, and conversion. Despite unavoidable inhomogeneities, there is a sufficient body of evidence to accept with level A (definite efficacy) the analgesic effect of high-frequency (HF) rTMS of the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the pain and the antidepressant effect of HF-rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). A Level B recommendation (probable efficacy) is proposed for the antidepressant effect of low-frequency (LF) rTMS of the right DLPFC, HF-rTMS of the left DLPFC for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and LF-rTMS of contralesional M1 in chronic motor stroke. The effects of rTMS in a number of indications reach level C (possible efficacy), including LF-rTMS of the left temporoparietal cortex in tinnitus and auditory hallucinations. It remains to determine how to optimize rTMS protocols and techniques to give them relevance in routine clinical practice. In addition, professionals carrying out rTMS protocols should undergo rigorous training to ensure the quality of the technical realization, guarantee the proper care of patients, and maximize the chances of success. Under these conditions, the therapeutic use of rTMS should be able to develop in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France; EA 4391, Nerve Excitability and Therapeutic Team, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France.
| | - Nathalie André-Obadia
- Neurophysiology and Epilepsy Unit, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Inserm U 1028, NeuroPain Team, Neuroscience Research Center of Lyon (CRNL), Lyon-1 University, Bron, France
| | - Andrea Antal
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Samar S Ayache
- Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France; EA 4391, Nerve Excitability and Therapeutic Team, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - David H Benninger
- Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto M Cantello
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | | | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Institute of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Brai(2)n, Tinnitus Research Initiative Clinic Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hervé Devanne
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; ULCO, Lille-Nord de France University, Lille, France
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Saša R Filipović
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Friedhelm C Hummel
- Brain Imaging and Neurostimulation (BINS) Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Satu K Jääskeläinen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vasilios K Kimiskidis
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, Neurologia Clinica e Comportamentale, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Nyffeler
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry, CHU Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; EAM 4615, Lyon-1 University, Bron, France
| | - Simone Rossi
- Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - John C Rothwell
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hartwig R Siebner
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Charlotte J Stagg
- Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Josep Valls-Sole
- EMG Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis Garcia-Larrea
- Inserm U 1028, NeuroPain Team, Neuroscience Research Center of Lyon (CRNL), Lyon-1 University, Bron, France; Pain Unit, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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20
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Gatica Tossi MA, Stude P, Schwenkreis P, Tegenthoff M, Dinse HR. Behavioural and neurophysiological markers reveal differential sensitivity to homeostatic interactions between centrally and peripherally applied passive stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 38:2893-901. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Gatica Tossi
- Neural Plasticity Laboratory; Institute for Neuroinformatics; Ruhr University; Bochum; 44780; Germany
| | - P. Stude
- Department of Neurology; BG-Universitaetsklinikum Bergmannsheil; Ruhr University; Bochum; Germany
| | - P. Schwenkreis
- Department of Neurology; BG-Universitaetsklinikum Bergmannsheil; Ruhr University; Bochum; Germany
| | - M. Tegenthoff
- Department of Neurology; BG-Universitaetsklinikum Bergmannsheil; Ruhr University; Bochum; Germany
| | - H. R. Dinse
- Neural Plasticity Laboratory; Institute for Neuroinformatics; Ruhr University; Bochum; 44780; Germany
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