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Li Z, Wang P, Han L, Hao X, Mi W, Tong L, Liang Z. Age-dependent coupling characteristics of bilateral frontal EEG during desflurane anesthesia. Physiol Meas 2024; 45:055012. [PMID: 38697205 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad46e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Objectives.The purpose of this study is to investigate the age dependence of bilateral frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) coupling characteristics, and find potential age-independent depth of anesthesia monitoring indicators for the elderlies.Approach.We recorded bilateral forehead EEG data from 41 patients (ranged in 19-82 years old), and separated into three age groups: 18-40 years (n= 12); 40-65 years (n= 14), >65 years (n= 15). All these patients underwent desflurane maintained general anesthesia (GA). We analyzed the age-related EEG spectra, phase amplitude coupling (PAC), coherence and phase lag index (PLI) of EEG data in the states of awake, GA, and recovery.Main results.The frontal alpha power shows age dependence in the state of GA maintained by desflurane. Modulation index in slow oscillation-alpha and delta-alpha bands showed age dependence and state dependence in varying degrees, the PAC pattern also became less pronounced with increasing age. In the awake state, the coherence in delta, theta and alpha frequency bands were all significantly higher in the >65 years age group than in the 18-40 years age group (p< 0.05 for three frequency bands). The coherence in alpha-band was significantly enhanced in all age groups in GA (p< 0.01) and then decreased in recovery state. Notably, the PLI in the alpha band was able to significantly distinguish the three states of awake, GA and recovery (p< 0.01) and the results of PLI in delta and theta frequency bands had similar changes to those of coherence.Significance.We found the EEG coupling and synchronization between bilateral forehead are age-dependent. The PAC, coherence and PLI portray this age-dependence. The PLI and coherence based on bilateral frontal EEG functional connectivity measures and PAC based on frontal single-channel are closely associated with anesthesia-induced unconsciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Li
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Licheng Han
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhu Liang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Li A, Wang S, Wang T, Liu T, Wang Y, Fu J, Zhao G, Yang Q, Dong H. Differences in the EEG Power Spectrum and Cross-Frequency Coupling Patterns between Young and Elderly Patients during Sevoflurane Anesthesia. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1149. [PMID: 37626505 PMCID: PMC10452117 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely used for monitoring the depth of anesthesia in surgical patients. Distinguishing age-related EEG features under general anesthesia will help to optimize anesthetic depth monitoring during surgery for elderly patients. This retrospective cohort study included 41 patients aged from 18 to 79 years undergoing noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia. We compared the power spectral signatures and phase-amplitude coupling patterns of the young and elderly groups under baseline and surgical anesthetic depth. General anesthesia by sevoflurane significantly increased the spectral power of delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands and strengthened the cross-frequency coupling both in young and elderly patients. However, the variation in EEG power spectral density and the modulation of alpha amplitudes on delta phases was relatively weaker in elderly patients. In conclusion, the EEG under general anesthesia using sevoflurane exhibited similar dynamic features between young and elderly patients, and the weakened alteration of spectral power and cross-frequency coupling patterns could be utilized to precisely quantify the depth of anesthesia in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sa Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jingwen Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangchao Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
| | - Qianzi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, China; (X.Z.); (A.L.); (S.W.); (T.W.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (G.Z.)
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Li F, Dang Y, Zhang X, Chen H, Lu Y, Yu Y. Age-dependent Electroencephalogram Characteristics During Different Levels of Anesthetic Depth. Clin EEG Neurosci 2022:15500594221142680. [PMID: 36503267 DOI: 10.1177/15500594221142680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective The monitoring of anesthetic depth based on electroencephalogram derivation is not currently adjusted for age. Here we analyze the influence of age factors on electroencephalogram characteristics. Methods Frontal electroencephalogram recordings were obtained from 80 adults during routine clinical anesthesia. The characteristics of electroencephalogram with age and anesthesia were observed during four kinds of anesthesia. Results The slow wave power, δ power, Bispectral Index (BIS) and approximate entropy can be used to distinguish different states of anesthesia (P < 0.05). In the deep and very deep anesthesia states, δ power decreased with age (P < 0.0001). In the very deep anesthesia state, θ power decreased with age (P < 0.05). In the deep and very deep anesthesia states, α power decreased with age (P = 0.0002). In the light and deep anesthesia states, β power decreased with age (P = 0.003). In the deep anesthesia state, γ power decreased with age (P = 0.002). In the very deep anesthesia state, permutation entropy increased significantly with age (P = 0.0001). In the very deep anesthesia state, BIS value increased with age (P = 0.006). The slow wave power, approximate entropy, and sample entropy did not show age-dependent changes. Conclusions The influence of age should be considered when using BIS and δ power to monitor the depth of anesthesia, while the influence of age should not be considered when using slow wave power and approximate entropy to monitor the depth of anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, 74671Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117865The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaoyao Dang
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117865The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 74675National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117865The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuechun Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117865The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 74671Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
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Seo KH, Kim K, Lee SK, Cho J, Hong JH. Changes in electroencephalographic power and bicoherence spectra according to depth of dexmedetomidine sedation in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2117-2127. [PMID: 33859518 PMCID: PMC8040410 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.54677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Assessment the depth of dexmedetomidine sedation using electroencephalographic (EEG) features can improve the quality of procedural sedation. Previous volunteer studies of dexmedetomidine-induced EEG changes need to be validated, and changes in bicoherence spectra during dexmedetomidine sedation has not been revealed yet. We aimed to investigate the dexmedetomidine-induced EEG change using power spectral and bicoherence analyses in the clinical setting. Patients and Methods: Thirty-six patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Dexmedetomidine sedation was conducted by the stepwise increase in target effect site concentration (Ce) while assessing sedation levels. Bispectral index (BIS) and frontal electroencephalography were recorded continuously, and the performance of BIS and changes in power and bicoherence spectra were analyzed with the data from the F3 electrode. Results: The prediction probability values for detecting different sedation levels were 0.847, 0.841, and 0.844 in BIS, 95% spectral edge frequency, and dexmedetomidine Ce, respectively. As the depth of sedation increased, δ power increased, but high β and γ power decreased significantly (P <0.001). α and spindle power increased significantly under light and moderate sedation (P <0.001 in light vs baseline and deep sedation; P = 0.002 and P <0.001 in moderate sedation vs baseline and deep sedation, respectively). The bicoherence peaks of the δ and α-spindle regions along the diagonal line of the bicoherence matrix emerged during moderate and deep sedation. Peak bicoherence in the δ area showed sedation-dependent increases (29.93%±7.38%, 36.72%±9.70%, 44.88%±12.90%; light, moderate, and deep sedation; P = 0.008 and P <0.001 in light sedation vs moderate and deep sedation, respectively; P = 0.007 in moderate sedation vs deep sedation), whereas peak bicoherence in the α-spindle area did not change (22.92%±4.90%, 24.72%±4.96%, and 26.96%±8.42%, respectively; P=0.053). Conclusions: The increase of δ power and the decrease of high-frequency power were associated with the gradual deepening of dexmedetomidine sedation. The δ bicoherence peak increased with increasing sedation level and can serve as an indicator reflecting dexmedetomidine sedation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwon Hui Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiseong Kim
- Strategic R&D Center, Biobrain Inc. 723, 408 Daedeok-daero Seo-gu, Daejeon City, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Hong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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