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Sykes JE. Tick-Borne Diseases. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:141-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Goff NK, Dou T, Higgins S, Horn EJ, Morey R, McClellan K, Kurouski D, Rogovskyy AS. Testing Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic approach for Lyme disease patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1006134. [PMID: 36389168 PMCID: PMC9647194 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1006134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease (LD), the leading tick-borne disease in the Northern hemisphere, is caused by spirochetes of several genospecies of the Borreliella burgdorferi sensu lato complex. LD is a multi-systemic and highly debilitating illness that is notoriously challenging to diagnose. The main drawbacks of the two-tiered serology, the only approved diagnostic test in the United States, include poor sensitivity, background seropositivity, and cross-reactivity. Recently, Raman spectroscopy (RS) was examined for its LD diagnostic utility by our earlier proof-of-concept study. The previous investigation analyzed the blood from mice that were infected with 297 and B31 strains of Borreliella burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.). The selected strains represented two out of the three major clades of B. burgdorferi s.s. isolates found in the United States. The obtained results were encouraging and prompted us to further investigate the RS diagnostic capacity for LD in this study. The present investigation has analyzed blood of mice infected with European genospecies, Borreliella afzelii or Borreliella garinii, or B. burgdorferi N40, a strain of the third major class of B. burgdorferi s.s. in the United States. Moreover, 90 human serum samples that originated from LD-confirmed, LD-negative, and LD-probable human patients were also analyzed by RS. The overall results demonstrated that blood samples from Borreliella-infected mice were identified with 96% accuracy, 94% sensitivity, and 100% specificity. Furthermore, human blood samples were analyzed with 88% accuracy, 85% sensitivity, and 90% specificity. Together, the current data indicate that RS should be further explored as a potential diagnostic test for LD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas K. Goff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Tianyi Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Samantha Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | | | - Rohini Morey
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kyle McClellan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Dmitry Kurouski, ; Artem S. Rogovskyy,
| | - Artem S. Rogovskyy
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Dmitry Kurouski, ; Artem S. Rogovskyy,
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Sevestre J, Benichou A, Rio V, Delaunay P, Gonfrier G, Martaresche C, Carlo V, Nakam S, Mondain V, Carles M, Jeandel PY, Durant J. Emergence of Lyme Disease on the French Riviera, a Retrospective Survey. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:737854. [PMID: 35391881 PMCID: PMC8981725 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.737854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe French Riviera has been declared free of Lyme Borreliosis (LB) for years. Many patients are referred for presumed LB, sometimes with atypical clinical signs and/or doubtful serology, calling the diagnosis into question.MethodsPatients were assessed for LB diagnosis, depending on clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and further examination by other medical professionals.ResultsAmong 255 patients, 45 (18%) were classified as confirmed LB cases [including 28 ongoing LB (10%) and 17 past LB (8%)], and for 210 (82%) a Lyme borreliosis diagnosis was ruled out. Among ongoing LB, 56% had been exposed to or bitten by ticks, exclusively in rural locations of the Alpes-Maritimes. As a result of the diagnostic procedure, 132 (52%) patients had been treated. An alternative diagnosis was established for 134 (52%) patients, covering a wide range of conditions, including mainly psychological (28%) and neurological conditions (25%) or inflammatory and systemic diseases (22%).ConclusionsOur results strongly suggest the endemicity of LB in the Alpes-Maritimes region. Confirmed LB accounted for 18% of patients while 52% were diagnosed with other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Sevestre
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Benichou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Vanessa Rio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Pascal Delaunay
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Virginie Carlo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Sarah Nakam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Véronique Mondain
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Michel Carles
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | | | - Jacques Durant
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
- *Correspondence: Jacques Durant
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LACOUT ALEXIS, MAS MARIE, PAJAUD JULIE, PERRONNE VÉRONIQUE, LEQUETTE YANNICK, FRANCK MICHEL, PERRONNE CHRISTIAN. Real time micro-organisms PCR in 104 patients with polymorphic signs and symptoms that may be related to a tick bite. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2021; 11:62-75. [PMID: 34739391 PMCID: PMC8614493 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2021.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ticks are frequently polyinfected and can thus transmit numerous microorganisms. A large number of bacteria, parasites and viruses are transmitted by tick bites and could cause different signs and symptoms in patients. The main goal of this study was to search for these numerous microorganisms in patients presenting with persistent polymorphic syndrome possibly due to a tick bite (SPPT). PATIENTS AND METHODS The following microorganisms were searched for in saliva, urine, venous and capillary blood by using real time PCR: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia miyamotoi, Borrelia hermsii, Bartonella spp., Bartonella quintana, Bartonella henselae, Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Francisella tularensis, Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Babesia spp., Theileria spp. RESULTS 104 patients were included. 48% of the patients were poly-infected, and 25% harboured at least three different microorganisms. Borrelia spp. were not the most frequent bacteria observed, observed far behind Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsia spp. and Ehrlichia spp. which were the most frequent microorganisms observed. Piroplasms were found in a significant number of patients. The most sensitive matrix was saliva, followed by urine, capillary blood and venous blood. CONCLUSION Our prospective study has shown that patients with SPPT, a syndrome close to fibromyalgia, could harbour several tick borne microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- ALEXIS LACOUT
- Centre de Diagnostic ELSAN, Centre Médico-Chirurgical, 83 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 15000, Aurillac, France
| | - MARIE MAS
- Clinique Convert, Médecine Générale, Service des Urgences, 62 Avenue de Jasseron, 01000, Bourg en Bresse, France
| | - JULIE PAJAUD
- ADNucleis, 3 Route des Pierres Blanches, 69290, Grézieu la Varenne, France
| | - VÉRONIQUE PERRONNE
- Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris), Département d’Infectiologie, Université de Versailles – Saint Quentin, Paris-Saclay, France
| | - YANNICK LEQUETTE
- ADNucleis, 3 Route des Pierres Blanches, 69290, Grézieu la Varenne, France
| | - MICHEL FRANCK
- ADNucleis, 3 Route des Pierres Blanches, 69290, Grézieu la Varenne, France
| | - CHRISTIAN PERRONNE
- Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris), Département d’Infectiologie, Université de Versailles – Saint Quentin, Paris-Saclay, France
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LoopTag FRET Probe System for Multiplex qPCR Detection of Borrelia Species. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111163. [PMID: 34833039 PMCID: PMC8624210 DOI: 10.3390/life11111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis refers to some methods with known limitations. Molecular diagnostics using specific nucleic acid probes may overcome some of these limitations. Methods: We describe the novel reporter fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) probe system LoopTag for detection of Borrelia species. Advantages of the LoopTag system include having cheap conventional fluorescence dyes, easy primer design, no restrictions for PCR product lengths, robustness, high sequence specificity, applicability for multiplex real-time PCRs, melting curve analysis (single nucleotide polymorphism analysis) over a large temperature range, high sensitivity, and easy adaptation of conventional PCRs. Results: Using the LoopTag probe system we were able to detect all nine tested European species belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) complex and differentiated them from relapsing fever Borrelia species. As few as 10 copies of Borrelia in one PCR reaction were detectable. Conclusion: We established a novel multiplex probe real-time PCR system, designated LoopTag, that is simple, robust, and incorporates melting curve analysis for the detection and in the differentiation of European species belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. complex.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since recognition in 1975, Lyme disease has become the most common vector-borne illness in North America and Europe. The clinical features are well-characterized and treatment is usually curative, but misperceptions about morbidity persist. The purpose of this review is to examine advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease, as well as ongoing management challenges. RECENT FINDINGS It is useful to recognize that Lyme disease occurs in stages, with early- and late-stage disease. Clinical expression is in part determined by Borrelial variability. For example, some strains of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative organism in North America, are particularly arthritogenic. Most patients with early Lyme disease can be cured with a single course of oral antibiotic therapy, in contrast to some patients with Lyme arthritis, a late-stage manifestation, who are more antibiotic refractory and require other treatment strategies. Successful treatment of Lyme disease begins with successful diagnosis and with an understanding of the emergence, clinical features, and impact of Lyme disease over the past half century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Schoen
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, 60 Temple Street, Suite 6A, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Borrelia burgdorferi as a risk factor for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Eur Geriatr Med 2019; 10:493-500. [PMID: 34652786 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-018-0153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association of Borrelia burgdorferi infection with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. METHODS Case-control study. Patients older than 60 years, both sexes, were included. Three groups were created: with probable Alzheimer's disease cases with NINCDS-ADRDA criteria, MCI cases in those not meeting NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for dementia, but who had an abnormal cognitive evaluation and independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), cognitively healthy controls were diagnosed with normal cognitive evaluation and independence in IADL were identified in the community. Western blot IgG against B. burgdorferi in serum was done in all the participants. Non-conditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the association of Alzheimer's disease or MCI and seropositive to B. burgdorferi. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients with Alzheimer's disease, mean age of 75.6 ± 3.4 years, 69% were females, education 8.3 ± 4.8 years. 39 patients with MCI, mean age of 72.2 ± 6.8 years, 85% were females, education 11.2 ± 4.2 years. A total of 11/38 (29%) were positive to B. burgdorferi with Alzheimer's disease, 9/39 (23%) with MCI, and 11/108 (10%) of controls. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.65 (95% CI 1.2-11.1) adjusted for education and a history of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) was estimated, and in patients with MCI an aOR = 3.2 (95% CI 1.1-9.1) for a history of diabetes mellitus and CVD was estimated. CONCLUSIONS In our study, there was an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and MCI in seropositive IgG patients to B. burgdorferi.
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Blood cell disruption to significantly improve the Borrelia PCR detection sensitivity in borreliosis in humans. Med Hypotheses 2018; 116:1-3. [PMID: 29857888 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is the most frequently reported zoonotic tick-borne disease worldwide, and the number of infected humans is increasing. Lyme disease (or Lyme borreliosis) is an affection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, sensu lato. Lyme disease is also reported as a variety of misleading clinical symptomatologies. Infected patient's blood serology is the most currently test used for its diagnosis. However, serology has a low sensitivity, which ranges from 34% to 70%. Thus, there are numerous subsequent false-negative diagnoses despite an active clinical infection profile. Therefore, alternative and more sensitive techniques are required to detect the antigens or nucleic acids of Borrelia. Actually, the most appropriate methodological approach seems to be the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, PCR will detect the only "visible" part available of the targeted DNA presence in the blood of the infected patients. Consequently PCR alone will not be conclusive enough to reach the final diagnosis. Considering the ability of Borrelia to invade host cells, we hypothesize that a selective lysis of all blood cells should improve the diagnostic sensitivity of the detection of Borrelia by PCR in whole blood, and subsequently reduce the false-negative diagnostic rate, thus improving the patient's diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Lohr B, Fingerle V, Norris DE, Hunfeld KP. Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis: Current state of the art and future perspectives. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 55:219-245. [PMID: 29606016 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1450353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review is directed at physicians and laboratory personnel in private practice and clinics who treat and diagnose Lyme borreliosis (LB) in patients as part of their daily work. A major objective of this paper is to bring together background information on Borrelia (B.) burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) and basic clinical knowledge of LB, which is one of the most frequently reported vector-borne diseases in the Northern Hemisphere. The goal is to provide practical guidance for clinicians and for laboratory physicians, and scientists for a better understanding of current achievements and ongoing obstacles in the laboratory diagnosis of LB, an infectious disease that still remains one of the diagnostic chameleons of modern clinical medicine. Moreover, in bringing together current scientific information from guidelines, reviews, and original papers, this review provides recommendations for selecting the appropriate tests in relation to the patient's stage of disease to achieve effective, stage-related application of current direct and indirect laboratory methods for the detection of B. burgdorferi s.l. Additionally, the review aims to discuss the current state of the art concerning the diagnostic potential and limitations of the assays and test methods currently in use to optimize LB patient management and provide insight into the possible future prospects of this rapidly changing area of laboratory medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Lohr
- a Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology & Infection Control , Northwest Medical Centre, Medical Faculty, Goethe University , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Volker Fingerle
- b Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit (LGL) , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | - Douglas E Norris
- c W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology , Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Klaus-Peter Hunfeld
- a Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology & Infection Control , Northwest Medical Centre, Medical Faculty, Goethe University , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
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Lacout A, Dacher V, El Hajjam M, Marcy PY, Perronne C. Biofilms busters to improve the detection of Borrelia using PCR. Med Hypotheses 2018; 112:4-6. [PMID: 29447935 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is an affection caused by a spirochete infection called Borrelia Burgdorferi which may harbor a varied and misleading clinical symptomatology. The serology tests commonly used for diagnosis show a wide sensitivity varying from 34% to 70,5%, leaving many infected patients with false negative tests. Alternative techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could be helpful but not conclusive enough. Using biofilm busters, such as stevia and serratiopeptidase, could lead to bacterial blood release, thus increasing the spirochete load, making PCR test more sensitive, thus improving the patient's diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Lacout
- Centre de diagnostic, ELSAN, Centre médico - chirurgical, 83 avenue Charles de Gaulle, 15000 Aurillac, France.
| | - Véronique Dacher
- Centre de diagnostic, 29 ter Avenue Jean Jaurès, 63200 Mozac, France.
| | - Mostafa El Hajjam
- Service de diagnostic, Hôpital Ambroise PARE (APHP), 9, Avenue Charles de GAULLE, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France.
| | - Pierre Yves Marcy
- Radiodiagnostics and Interventional Radiology Department, Polyclinique Les Fleurs, Quartier Quiez, 83190 Ollioules, France.
| | - Christian Perronne
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Raymond Poincaré, APHP, Versailles Saint Quentin University, Garches, France.
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Forselv KJN, Lorentzen ÅR, Ljøstad U, Mygland Å, Eikeland R, Kjelland V, Noraas S, Quarsten H. Does more favourable handling of the cerebrospinal fluid increase the diagnostic sensitivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-specific PCR in Lyme neuroborreliosis? Infect Dis (Lond) 2017; 50:297-302. [PMID: 29125008 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2017.1399315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tests for direct detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bb) in Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) are needed. Detection of Bb DNA using PCR is promising, but clinical utility is hampered by low diagnostic sensitivity. We aimed to examine whether diagnostic sensitivity can be improved by the use of larger cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes and faster handling of samples. METHODS Patients who underwent CSF examination for LNB were included. We collected two millilitres of CSF for PCR analysis, extracted DNA from the pellets within 24 h and analysed the eluate by two real-time PCR protocols (16S rRNA and OspA). Patients who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for LNB were classified as LNB cases and the rest as controls. RESULTS Bb DNA in CSF was detected by PCR in seven of 28 adults with LNB. Two were Bb antibody negative. No Bb DNA was detected in CSF from 137 controls. Diagnostic sensitivity was 25% and specificity 100%. There was a non-significant trend towards larger CSF sample volume, faster handling of the sample, shorter duration of symptoms, and higher CSF cell count in the PCR-positive cases. CONCLUSION We did not find that optimized handling of CSF increased diagnostic sensitivity of PCR in adults with LNB. However, our case series is small and we hypothesize that the importance of these factors will be clarified in further studies with larger case series and altered study design. PCR for diagnosis of LNB may be useful in cases without Bb antibodies due to short duration of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Åslaug R Lorentzen
- a Department of Neurology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway.,b The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-borne Diseases , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Arendal , Norway
| | - Unn Ljøstad
- a Department of Neurology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway.,c Department of Clinical Medicine , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Åse Mygland
- a Department of Neurology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway.,c Department of Clinical Medicine , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Randi Eikeland
- a Department of Neurology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway.,b The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-borne Diseases , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Arendal , Norway
| | - Vivian Kjelland
- d Department of Engineering and Science , University of Agder , Kristiansand , Norway.,e Research Unit , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway
| | - Sølvi Noraas
- f Department of Medical Microbiology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway
| | - Hanne Quarsten
- f Department of Medical Microbiology , Sørlandet Hospital Trust , Kristiansand , Norway
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Horowitz RI, Lacout A, Marcy PY, Perronne C. To test or not to test? Laboratory support for the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 24:210. [PMID: 29030171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R I Horowitz
- Hudson Valley Healing Arts Center, New York, USA
| | - A Lacout
- Centre d'imagerie Médicale, Aurillac, France.
| | - P Y Marcy
- Polyclinique Les Fleurs, Service Imagerie Médicale, Ollioule, France
| | - C Perronne
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Raymond Poincaré, APHP Versailles Saint Quentin University, Garches, France
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Perronne C, Lacout A, Marcy PY, El Hajjam M. Errancy on Lyme Diagnosis. Am J Med 2017; 130:e219. [PMID: 28431673 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Perronne
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Raymond Poincaré, APHP, Versailles Saint Quentin University, Garches, France
| | | | - Pierre-Yves Marcy
- Polyclinique Les Fleurs, Service Imagerie Médicale, Ollioules, France
| | - Mostafa El Hajjam
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ambroise Paré, Université de Versailles, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Basile RC, Yoshinari NH, Mantovani E, Bonoldi VN, Macoris DDG, Queiroz-Neto AD. Brazilian borreliosis with special emphasis on humans and horses. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 48:167-172. [PMID: 27769883 PMCID: PMC5220628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Borreliosis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a cosmopolitan zoonosis studied worldwide; it is called Lyme disease in many countries of the Northern Hemisphere and Lyme-like or Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome in Brazil. However, despite the increasing number of suspect cases, this disease is still neglected in Brazil by the medical and veterinary communities. Brazilian Lyme-like borreliosis likely involves capybaras as reservoirs and Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus ticks as vectors. Thus, domestic animals can serve as key carriers in pathogen dissemination. This zoonosis has been little studied in horses in Brazil. The first survey was performed in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and this Brazilian Borreliosis exhibits many differences from the disease widely described in the Northern Hemisphere. The etiological agent shows different morphological and genetic characteristics, the disease has a higher recurrence rate after treatment with antibiotics, and the pathogen stimulates intense symptoms such as a broader immune response in humans. Additionally, the Brazilian zoonosis is not transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus complex. With respect to clinical manifestations, Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome has been reported to cause neurological, cardiac, ophthalmic, muscle, and joint alterations in humans. These symptoms can possibly occur in horses. Here, we present a current panel of studies involving the disease in humans and equines, particularly in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Carvalho Basile
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Elenice Mantovani
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de reumatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Delphim da Graça Macoris
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio de Queiroz-Neto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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The Past, Present, and (Possible) Future of Serologic Testing for Lyme Disease. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:1191-6. [PMID: 26865690 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03394-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease prevails as the most commonly transmitted tick-borne infection in the United States, and serologic evaluation for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi remains the recommended modality for diagnosis. This review presents a brief historical perspective on the evolution of serologic assays for Lyme disease and provides a summary of the performance characteristics for the currently recommended two-tiered testing algorithm (TTTA). Additionally, a recently proposed alternative to the traditional TTTA is discussed, and novel methodologies, including immuno-PCR and metabolic profiling for Lyme disease, are outlined.
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Abstract
Nervous system involvement occurs in 10% to 15% of patients infected with the tick-borne spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi, B afzelii, and B garinii. Peripheral nervous system involvement is common. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement, most commonly presenting with lymphocytic meningitis, causes modest cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. Parenchymal CNS infection is rare. If the CNS is invaded, however, measuring local production of anti-B burgdorferi antibodies in the CSF provides a useful marker of infection. Most cases of neuroborreliosis can be cured with oral doxycycline; parenteral regimens should be reserved for patients with particularly severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Halperin
- Department of Neurosciences, Overlook Medical Center, 99 Beauvoir Avenue, Summit, NJ 07902, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 132 South, 10th street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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