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Sialyl Lewis X/A and Cytokeratin Crosstalk in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030731. [PMID: 36765690 PMCID: PMC9913872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) encompasses multiple entities and is generally highly aggressive and metastatic. We aimed to determine the clinical and biological relevance of Sialyl-Lewis X and A (sLeX/A)-a fucosylated glycan involved in metastasis-in TNBC. Here, we studied tissues from 50 TNBC patients, transcripts from a TNBC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and a primary breast cancer cell line. All 50 TNBC tissue samples analysed expressed sLeX/A. Patients with high expression of sLeX/A had 3 years less disease-free survival than patients with lower expression. In tissue, sLeX/A negatively correlated with cytokeratins 5/6 (CK5/6, which was corroborated by the inverse correlation between fucosyltransferases and CK5/6 genes. Our observations were confirmed in vitro when inhibition of sLeX/A remarkably increased expression of CK5/6, followed by a decreased proliferation and invasion capacity. Among the reported glycoproteins bearing sLeX/A and based on the STRING tool, α6 integrin showed the highest interaction score with CK5/6. This is the first report on the sLeX/A expression in TNBC, highlighting its association with lower disease-free survival and its inverse crosstalk with CK5/6 with α6 integrin as a mediator. All in all, sLeX/A is critical for TNBC malignancy and a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Kanaki Z, Voutsina A, Markou A, Pateras IS, Potaris K, Avgeris M, Makrythanasis P, Athanasiadis EI, Vamvakaris I, Patsea E, Vachlas K, Lianidou E, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A, Klinakis A. Generation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts to Study Intratumor Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102446. [PMID: 34070013 PMCID: PMC8157865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is widely thought that tumors are composed of different subpopulations of cancer cells carrying genetic alterations with some of them being common among all cells while others are unique for each subpopulation. This variable genetic profile of tumor cells is a component of what is collectively described as intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). Surviving the immune system and therapies, and establishing metastases are forces of natural selection that act upon ITH and drive tumor evolution and, eventually, the clinical presentation of patients. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate ITH in early-stage operable non-small cell lung cancer. We directly grafted human tumors in immunosuppressed mice and compared the genetic profile of the tumors grown in mice with that of the original human tumors. We identified clinical factors that affected the ability of human tumors to grow as mouse xenografts. Abstract Recent advances in sequencing technologies have allowed the in-depth molecular study of tumors, even at the single cell level. Sequencing efforts have uncovered a previously unappreciated heterogeneity among tumor cells, which has been postulated to be the driving force of tumor evolution and to facilitate recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the current study, focused on early-stage operable non-small cell lung cancer, we used tumor growth in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in mice as a fast-forward tumor evolution process to investigate the molecular characteristics of tumor cells that grow in mice, as well as the parameters that affect the grafting efficiency. We found that squamous cell carcinomas grafted significantly more efficiently compared with adenocarcinomas. Advanced stage, patient age and primary tumor size were positively correlated with grafting. Additionally, we isolated and characterized circulating tumor cells (CTC) from patients’ peripheral blood and found that the presence of CTCs expressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) markers correlated with the grafting potential. Interestingly, exome sequencing of the PDX tumor identified genetic alterations in DNA repair and genome integrity genes that were under-represented in the human primary counterpart. In conclusion, through the generation of a PDX biobank of NSCLC, we identified the clinical and molecular properties of tumors that affected growth in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Kanaki
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (Z.K.); (A.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Alexandra Voutsina
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (Z.K.); (A.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Athina Markou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Ioannis S. Pateras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Potaris
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sotiria Hospital for Chest Diseases, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry–Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Periklis Makrythanasis
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (Z.K.); (A.V.); (P.M.)
| | | | - Ioannis Vamvakaris
- Pathology Department, Athens Chest Hospital “Sotiria”, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eleni Patsea
- Department of Pathology, Metropolitan Hospital, 18547 Cholargos, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Vachlas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sotiria Hospital for Chest Diseases, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.L.)
| | | | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, General University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Apostolos Klinakis
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (Z.K.); (A.V.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Raniszewska A, Vroman H, Dumoulin D, Cornelissen R, Aerts JGJV, Domagała-Kulawik J. PD-L1 + lung cancer stem cells modify the metastatic lymph-node immunomicroenvironment in nsclc patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:453-461. [PMID: 32808188 PMCID: PMC7889682 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are implicated in tumor initiation and development of metastasis. However, whether CSCs also affect the immune system is not fully understood. We investigated correlations between the PD-L1+ CSCs, changes in T-cell phenotype in metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) and response to treatment. METHODS LNs' aspirates were obtained during the EBUS/TBNA procedure of 20 NSCLC patients at different stages of the disease. CSCs and T-cell characteristics were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS PD-L1+ CSCs positively correlated with the percentage of Tregs, PD-1+ CD4 T cells and Tim3+ CD4+ T cells, whereas PD-L1+ CSCs were negatively correlated with CD4+ T cells and CD28+ CD4+ T cells. The percentage of PD-L1+ CSCs was higher in patients with progressive disease (PD) as compared to patients with stable disease (SD) or partial response (PR). Among T cells, only PD-1+ CD4+ T cells and Tim3+ CD4+ T-cell frequencies were higher in patients with PD as compared to patients with SD or PR. CONCLUSION The frequency of PD-L1+ CSCs associates with an altered T-cell frequency and phenotype indicating that CSCs can affect the immune system. The higher percentage of PD-L1+ CSCs in patients with PD may confirm their resistance to conventional therapy, suggesting that CSCs may be an interesting target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raniszewska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 7 Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Vroman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - D Dumoulin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Cornelissen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J G J V Aerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Domagała-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Immunomodulatory Molecules On Lung Cancer Stem Cells From Lymph Nodes Aspirates. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040838. [PMID: 32244422 PMCID: PMC7226167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, not all patients benefit from PD-(L)1 blockade, yet, the PD-L1 tumor cell expression is the only approved biomarker, and other biomarkers have been investigated. In the present study, we analyzed the presence of immunomodulatory molecules: PD-L1, CD47, CD73, Fas, and FasL on mature tumor cells (MTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in lymph nodes (LNs) aspirates and refer it to the lymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood (PB). PB samples and LNs aspirates obtained during the endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS/TBNA) procedure of 20 patients at different stages of NSCLC. The cells were analyzed by multiparameter flow cytometry. We reported the higher frequency of MTCs and CSCs expressing the investigated immunomodulating molecules in metastatic LNs than in nonmetastatic. The expression of CD47 and PD-L1 was significantly higher on CSCs than on MTCs. Among the lymphocyte subpopulation in PB, we observed a higher frequency of PD-1+ CD8 T cells and Fas+ CD8 T cells in patients with confirmed metastases than in nonmetastatic. Next, we found that the percentage of FasL+ MTCs correlated with the frequency of Fas+ CD3 T cells in LNs aspirates and Fas+ CD8 T cells in PB. Finally, we found that patients with metastatic disease had a significantly higher FasL+/Fas+ MTCs ratio than patients with nonmetastatic disease. Both MTCs and CSCs express different immunomodulatory molecules on their surface. The frequency of FasL+ MTCs associates with altered distribution of Fas+ lymphocyte subpopulations in LNs and PB.
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Yang X, Fan Y, Wu Z, Liu C. A Silicon Nanowire Array Biosensor Fabricated by Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Technique for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E764. [PMID: 31717950 PMCID: PMC6915592 DOI: 10.3390/mi10110764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a highly sensitive and selective detection of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on silicon nanowire (SiNW) array device. With the help of traditional microfabrication technology, low-cost and highly controllable SiNW array devices were fabricated. After a series of surface modification processes, SiNW array biosensors show rapid and reliable response to CEA; the detection limit of serum CEA was 10 fg/mL, the current signal is linear with the logarithm of serum CEA concentration in the range of 10 fg/mL to 100 pg/mL. In this work, SiNW array biosensors can obtain strong signal and high signal-to-noise ratio; these advantages can reduce the production cost of the SiNW-based system and promote the application of SiNWs in the field of tumor marker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China;
| | - Yun Fan
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China;
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
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Assessment of Seven Clinical Tumor Markers in Diagnosis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:9845123. [PMID: 30647803 PMCID: PMC6311751 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9845123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background The correlation between tumor markers (TM) and TNM stage of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been widely reported. Methods TM levels (CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA72-4, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag) in 424 cases of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC), 166 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and 103 cases of benign chest disease (BCD) were analyzed before treatment. Results By Kendall's tau-b correlation analysis, CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA72-4, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag were correlated with T stage of LAC (r = 0.235, p < 0.05; r = 0.298, p < 0.05; r = 0.254, p < 0.05; r = 0.063, p < 0.05; r = 0.080, p < 0.05; r = 0.268, p < 0.05; and r = 0.080, p < 0.05). CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA72-4, and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with N stage of LAC (r = 0.356, p < 0.05; r = 0.415, p < 0.05; r = 0.340, p < 0.05; r = 0.117, p < 0.05; r = 0.175, p < 0.05; and r = 0.351, p < 0.05). CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA72-4, and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with M stage of LAC (r = 0.365, p < 0.05; r = 0.353, p < 0.05; r = 0.293, p < 0.05; r = 0.135, p < 0.05; r = 0.169, p < 0.05; and r = 0.312, p < 0.05). CA125, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag were correlated with T stage of LSCC (r = 0.202, p < 0.05; r = 0.233, p < 0.05; and r = 0.099, p < 0.05). CA125 and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with N stage of LSCC (r = 0.178, p < 0.05 and r = 0.284, p < 0.05). CA125, CA15-3, and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with M stage of LSCC (r = 0.214, p < 0.05; r = 0.152, p < 0.05; and r = 0.213, p < 0.05). Combining hazard ratio, AUC, sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV, it was concluded that CEA and CYFRA21-1were the most related TM of LAC. SCC-Ag and CYFRA21-1 were the most related TM of LSCC. Conclusions CEA combined with CYFRA21-1 contributed to auxiliary diagnosis of LAC. CYFRA21-1 combined with SCC-Ag contributed to auxiliary diagnosis of LSCC. CEA, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA72-4, and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with primary tissue and metastasis of LAC. CA125 and CYFRA21-1 were correlated with primary tissue and metastasis of LSCC.
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van de Ven R, Niemeijer ALN, Stam AGM, Hashemi SMS, Slockers CG, Daniels JM, Thunnissen E, Smit EF, de Gruijl TD, de Langen AJ. High PD-1 expression on regulatory and effector T-cells in lung cancer draining lymph nodes. ERJ Open Res 2017; 3:00110-2016. [PMID: 28560238 PMCID: PMC5441512 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00110-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors has improved clinical outcome for a proportion of patients. The current challenge is to find better biomarkers than PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) that will identify patients likely to benefit from this therapy. In this exploratory study we assessed the differences in T-cell subsets and PD-1 expression levels on T-cells in tumour-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To evaluate this, flow cytometric analyses were performed on endobronchial ultrasound-guided (EBUS) fine-needle aspirates (FNA) from TDLNs of patients with NSCLC, and the results were compared to paired PBMC samples. For a select number of patients, we were also able to obtain cells from a non-TDLN (NTDLN) sample. Our data show that the frequency of PD-1+ CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, as well as the PD-1 expression level on activated regulatory T (aTreg) and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, are higher in TDLNs than in PBMCs and, in a small sub-analysis, NTDLNs. These elevated PD-1 expression levels in TDLNs may reflect tumour-specific T-cell priming and conditioning, and may serve as a predictive or early-response biomarker during PD-1 checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieneke van de Ven
- Dept of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Anna-Larissa N Niemeijer
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Anita G M Stam
- Dept of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sayed M S Hashemi
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian G Slockers
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M Daniels
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Thunnissen
- Dept of Pathology, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert F Smit
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dept of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Dept of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrianus J de Langen
- Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Oezkan F, Khan AM, Hager T, Freitag L, Christoph D, Darwiche K. OSNA: A Fast Molecular Test Based on CK19 mRNA Concentration for Assessment of EBUS-TBNA Samples in Lung Cancer Patients. Clin Lung Cancer 2016; 17:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wahidi MM, Herth F, Yasufuku K, Shepherd RW, Yarmus L, Chawla M, Lamb C, Casey KR, Patel S, Silvestri GA, Feller-Kopman DJ. Technical Aspects of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report. Chest 2016; 149:816-35. [PMID: 26402427 DOI: 10.1378/chest.15-1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) was introduced in the last decade, enabling real-time guidance of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of mediastinal and hilar structures and parabronchial lung masses. The many publications produced about EBUS-TBNA have led to a better understanding of the performance characteristics of this procedure. The goal of this document was to examine the current literature on the technical aspects of EBUS-TBNA as they relate to patient, technology, and proceduralist factors to provide evidence-based and expert guidance to clinicians. METHODS Rigorous methodology has been applied to provide a trustworthy evidence-based guideline and expert panel report. A group of approved panelists developed key clinical questions by using the PICO (population, intervention, comparator, and outcome) format that addressed specific topics on the technical aspects of EBUS-TBNA. MEDLINE (via PubMed) and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for relevant literature, which was supplemented by manual searches. References were screened for inclusion, and well-recognized document evaluation tools were used to assess the quality of included studies, to extract meaningful data, and to grade the level of evidence to support each recommendation or suggestion. RESULTS Our systematic review and critical analysis of the literature on 15 PICO questions related to the technical aspects of EBUS-TBNA resulted in 12 statements: 7 evidence-based graded recommendations and 5 ungraded consensus-based statements. Three questions did not have sufficient evidence to generate a statement. CONCLUSIONS Evidence on the technical aspects of EBUS-TBNA varies in strength but is satisfactory in certain areas to guide clinicians on the best conditions to perform EBUS-guided tissue sampling. Additional research is needed to enhance our knowledge regarding the optimal performance of this effective procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen M Wahidi
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Felix Herth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lonny Yarmus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mohit Chawla
- Division of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Carla Lamb
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Lahey Clinic Hospital, Burlington, MA
| | - Kenneth R Casey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - Gerard A Silvestri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - David J Feller-Kopman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Immature myeloid cells and tolerogenic cytokine profile in lung adenocarcinoma metastatic lymph nodes assessed by endobronchial ultrasound. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:953-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Zhu J, Zhang HP, Ni J, Gu Y, Wu CY, Song J, Ji XB, Lu HW, Wei P, Zhou CC, Xu JF. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for diagnosing mediastinal lymphadenectasis: a cohort study from a single center. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2015; 11:159-167. [PMID: 25918974 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is commonly used for clinical diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenectasis. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal lymphadenectasis in a large single center. METHODS A total of 846 patients who were not definitively diagnosed with mediastinal lymphadenectasis underwent EBUS-TBNA were retrospectively analyzed in this study. RESULTS In total, 842 patients underwent EBUS-TBNA successfully. There were 589 patients with malignancy, including squamous carcinoma (118 cases; 20.6%), adenocarcinoma (187 cases; 32.7%) and small cell carcinoma (88 cases; 15.4%). A total of 253 patients were diagnosed with benign disease, including tuberculosis (111 cases; 43.9%) and sarcoidosis (93 cases; 36.7%). The diagnostic sensitivity of lung cancer, tuberculosis and sarcoidosis were 94.4%, 81.1% and 51.6%, respectively. The overall sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA was 92.0%. N2 stage in lung cancer patients who were diagnosed by EBUS-TBNA was significantly higher than other stages. The positive rate of targeted puncture is high for the lymph nodes whose short-axis diameters were larger than 1 cm. CONCLUSION The operation risk of EBUS-TBNA is relatively small. In diseases complicated by mediastinal lymphadenectasis, malignant diseases are most, and benign diseases mainly are granulomatous. EBUS-TBNA is a valuable diagnostic technique in patients with mediastinal lymphadenectasis whose diagnosis have not been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Ping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Endoscope, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Wen Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Cun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Fu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Oezkan F, Khan A, Zarogoulidis P, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Theegarten D, Yasufuku K, Nakajima T, Freitag L, Darwiche K. Efficient utilization of EBUS-TBNA samples for both diagnosis and molecular analyses. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:2061-5. [PMID: 25419143 PMCID: PMC4234164 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s72974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of an increasing number of molecular markers is becoming a standard requirement from endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimens. However, it is unclear how many needle passes should be performed and the amount of lung cancer cells that should be sent for molecular analyses. The objective of this study was to determine if it is feasible to divide the material obtained by EBUS-TBNA to allow for molecular analysis without compromising the accuracy of mediastinal staging. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine if dividing EBUS-TBNA specimens has a negative impact on either histopathological diagnosis or molecular analysis. METHODS EBUS-TBNA was performed in 249 enlarged lymph nodes. Negative or ambiguous histopathological results were confirmed by surgical means and clinical follow-up over 6 months. The tissue obtained by EBUS-TBNA was placed onto a glass slide and divided for histopathological workup and molecular analysis. The number of passes was recorded. Both the accuracy of the mediastinal lymph node staging and the applicability of the sample division for molecular analysis were assessed. RESULTS Each lymph node was punctured an average of 3.18 times and division of the obtained material for diagnosis and molecular analysis was feasible in all cases. The sensitivity and accuracy of the mediastinal lymph node staging were 96.6% and 97.6%, respectively. A cytokeratin (CK)-19-mRNA concentration-based molecular test was feasible in 74.1% of cases. CONCLUSION Dividing EBUS-TBNA samples for both histopathological diagnosis and molecular testing is feasible and does not compromise the accuracy of mediastinal staging. This method may be an alternative to taking additional needle passes for molecular analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Oezkan
- Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Am Khan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, 'G Papanikolaou' General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - D Theegarten
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - K Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Nakajima
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - L Freitag
- Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - K Darwiche
- Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Gao J, Yan Q, Liu S, Yang X. Knockdown of EpCAM enhances the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by downregulating the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102590. [PMID: 25019346 PMCID: PMC4097402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy is the main reason for the failure of cancer treatment, and drug resistance is associated with an inability of tumor cells to undergo apoptosis in response to treatment. Alterations in the expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) affect the sensitivity or resistance of tumor cells to anticancer treatment and the activity of intracellular signaling pathways. However, the role of EpCAM in the induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of EpCAM gene knockdown on chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in MCF-7 cells and explored the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that knockdown of EpCAM promoted apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation and caused cell-cycle arrest. EpCAM knockdown enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU, promoting apoptosis by downregulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and upregulating the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, and caspase3 via the ERK1/2 and JNK MAPK signaling pathways in MCF-7 cells. These results indicate that knockdown of EpCAM may have a tumor suppressor effect and suggest EpCAM as a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiujiao Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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