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Shamriz O, Parnasa E, Rubin L, Talmon A, Ribak Y, Lebel E, Vainstein V, Aumann S, Saban R, Gatt ME, Tal Y. Desensitization protocol to lenalidomide: An effective and safe treatment modality for delayed hypersensitivity-induced rash in patients with multiple myeloma. Eur J Haematol 2023; 110:407-413. [PMID: 36565290 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Lenalidomide is considered a standard of care in multiple myeloma (MM) Some MM patients will develop delayed hypersensitivity to lenalidomide, which can lead to treatment discontinuation. Desensitization to lenalidomide can help these patients to complete treatment courses. Here, we aimed to review lenalidomide-treated MM patients who developed delayed hypersensitivity-induced rash and were treated with desensitization. METHODS A retrospective analysis of medical files of MM patients, who were desensitized to lenalidomide due to delayed hypersensitivity rash. Patients were treated between 2018 and 2022 at Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. RESULTS Search of patients yielded 16 patients that underwent desensitization to lenalidomide within the study period. The desensitization protocol consisted of a slow, 3-week-long protocol with lenalidomide's target doses of 10, 15, and 25 mg/day. Of the 16 patients, 10 (62.5%) succeeded to complete the protocol and thus were able to complete lenalidomide treatment cycles. One patient with unsuccessful desensitization was subsequently treated with first-generation IMiD thalidomide, with no rash appearing. None of the patients that were treated with desensitization had severe immune-mediated or non-dermatological adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS Desensitization to lenalidomide is safe and effective. Discontinuation of lenalidomide in MM patients with delayed hypersensitivity and no contraindication to desensitization should be discouraged. Collaboration between hematologists and allergists is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Shamriz
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.,The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elchanan Parnasa
- Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Limor Rubin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviv Talmon
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaarit Ribak
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Lebel
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vladimir Vainstein
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shlomzion Aumann
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Revital Saban
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Moshe E Gatt
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Tal
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Ali SB, Lee WI, Horvath N, Le TTA, Smith W, Hissaria P. Lenalidomide Desensitization for Delayed Cutaneous Reaction: A Case Series and Review of the Literature. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:1503-1508. [PMID: 36738926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenalidomide is commonly used for treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) as well as other hematological disorders. Cutaneous adverse reactions occur frequently and withholding lenalidomide treatment may have implications for prognosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of lenalidomide desensitization in patients with cutaneous adverse reactions. METHODS A retrospective review of patients referred for lenalidomide desensitization between May 2019 and May 2022 at a tertiary hospital. All patients underwent a 6-week outpatient desensitization with premedication. RESULTS There were 12 patients: 10 males and 2 females with a median age of 65 years. All had MM with autologous stem cell transplantation and lenalidomide 10 mg daily added for maintenance therapy. Most patients (n = 8) had a generalized maculopapular exanthem with or without pruritus. All patients had delayed cutaneous reactions; the median time to onset was 14 days (range 2-28 d). Six patients tolerated desensitization: 5 on the first attempt and 1 after 3 attempts and supplementary oral prednisolone. Four patients underwent multiple (≤3) attempts at desensitization owing to breakthrough symptoms. In patients who failed desensitization, recurrence of symptoms occurred variably, either early (within days), within weeks, or delayed by more than 1 month. CONCLUSIONS Lenalidomide desensitization is worthwhile and allows continuation of treatment. In our MM cohort, lenalidomide desensitization was successful in only 50% of cases, including some cases in whom ongoing symptoms were mitigated by cotreatment with antihistamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed B Ali
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wei-I Lee
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Noemi Horvath
- Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thanh-Thao Adriana Le
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - William Smith
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pravin Hissaria
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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McCaughan GJ, Gandolfi S, Moore JJ, Richardson PG. Lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone induction therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a practical review. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:190-204. [PMID: 35796524 PMCID: PMC9796722 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, survival outcomes continue to improve significantly: however, nearly all patients will relapse following induction treatment. Optimisation of induction therapy is essential to provide longer term disease control and the current standard of care for most patients incorporates an immunomodulatory agent and proteasome inhibitor, most commonly lenalidomide and bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone (RVD), with maintenance until progression. Historically there has been limited access to RVD as an induction strategy outside of the United States; fortunately, there is now increasing access worldwide. This review discusses the rationale for use of RVD as induction therapy and aims to provide guidance in prescribing this regimen in order to optimise efficacy while minimising the toxicities of treatment. We also highlight the increasing evidence for the utility of addition of a monoclonal antibody to the RVD backbone to deepen responses and potentially provide longer disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia J. McCaughan
- Department of HaematologySt Vincent's HospitalSydneyAustralia
- University of New South Wales, Medicine and HealthSydneyAustralia
| | - Sara Gandolfi
- Translational Research ProgramUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Haematology Research UnitUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - John J. Moore
- Department of HaematologySt Vincent's HospitalSydneyAustralia
- University of New South Wales, Medicine and HealthSydneyAustralia
| | - Paul G. Richardson
- Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical OncologyBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Sugi T, Mita M, Yasu T, Ohara S, Uchida T, Inoue M, Hagihara M. Simple desensitization protocol for multiple myeloma patients with lenalidomide-induced skin rash: Case series. J Clin Pharm Ther 2021; 46:1792-1795. [PMID: 33960000 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Skin rash is one of the typical side effects of lenalidomide (LEN) treatment. Desensitization therapies have been reported to be effective in patients with severe skin rash caused by LEN. However, they have proved impractical due to the complexity of the protocols. CASE SUMMARIES We present 5 patients who developed severe LEN-induced skin rash. The five patients received our simple, slow desensitization protocol, and all were re-administered LEN with no adverse reaction. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Our simpler and slow desensitization protocol, which desensitizes the patients without reducing the effect of LEN, includes drug holidays, similar to the usual LEN dosing schedule, and moreover is recommended as a treatment option especially for elderly patients with no housemate to help with medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiyuki Sugi
- Department of Pharmacy, Eiju General Hospital, Taito-ku, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Education and Research Unit for Comprehensive Clinical Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Mita
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Education and Research Unit for Comprehensive Clinical Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Takeo Yasu
- Department of Medicinal Therapy Research, Pharmaceutical Education and Research Center, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Shin Ohara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Taito-ku, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Taito-ku, Japan
| | - Morihiro Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Taito-ku, Japan
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Taito-ku, Japan
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Demir S, Gelincik A, Coskun R, Ozkan G, Demir N, Paksoy N, Beyaz S, Colakoglu B, Kalayoglu-Besisik S, Nalcacı M, Buyukozturk S. A practical 16-day desensitization protocol in lenalidomide-induced non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 123:394-397. [PMID: 31400463 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desensitization in immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) caused by chemotherapeutics is well described and standardized for many drugs. However, there are no standardized protocols in non-immediate HRs. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-day desensitization protocol in the non-immediate HRs induced by lenalidomide. METHODS According to our previously published slow desensitization protocol, we desensitized patients who had experienced non-immediate HRs attributable to lenalidomide. The protocol was started with the 1/100 of the daily-prescribed dose in milligrams of the culprit drug; then the doses were slowly increased to complete the procedure in 16 days. Demographic and clinical features of the patients were further appraised. RESULTS Ten patients (mean age was 64.7 ± 10.8 years; 7 male) were successfully desensitized to lenalidomide. The mean reaction time was 7.3 ± 3.9 days in the history, and the reaction types were delayed urticaria (n = 4), eczematous rash (n = 3), and maculopapular eruptions (n = 3). The desensitization was successfully completed in 16 days in 9 patients. In 1 patient, maculopapular eruptions developed on the 11th day, and the patient was treated with corticosteroids. We repeated the previous tolerated dose longer and completed with a slower dose increasement, and the targeted dose was achieved in 35 days. CONCLUSION The 16-day desensitization protocol seemed to be safe and effective in the non-immediate type drug HRs caused by lenalidomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Demir
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.
| | - Asli Gelincik
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Raif Coskun
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Gulkan Ozkan
- Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Nazli Demir
- Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Nail Paksoy
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Sengul Beyaz
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Bahauddin Colakoglu
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Kalayoglu-Besisik
- Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Meliha Nalcacı
- Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Suna Buyukozturk
- Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
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Yau P, Jimenez-Zepeda VH, Bailey K, Duggan P, Tay J, Bahlis NJ, Neri P, McCulloch S. Slow lenalidomide desensitization protocol for patients with multiple myeloma: case series from a single center. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:3199-3203. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1627537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Yau
- Department of Pharmacy, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Kyla Bailey
- Department of Pharmacy, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Peter Duggan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jason Tay
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nizar J. Bahlis
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paola Neri
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sylvia McCulloch
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Leleu X, Gay F, Flament A, Allcott K, Delforge M. Incidence of neutropenia and use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors in multiple myeloma: is current clinical practice adequate? Ann Hematol 2018; 97:387-400. [PMID: 29282494 PMCID: PMC5797221 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although immunomodulatory drugs, alkylating agents, corticosteroids, protease inhibitors, and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies improve multiple myeloma outcomes, treatment burden is still an issue. Neutropenia is a known complication of cytotoxic cancer therapy and is often associated with infections; it is an important consideration in myeloma given the fact that patients often have a weakened immune system. The risk of febrile neutropenia increases with severe and persisting neutropenia. Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) are commonly used to reduce the incidence, duration, and severity of febrile neutropenia. Here, we review the risk and management of neutropenia associated with new and commonly used anti-myeloma agents. Few papers report the use of G-CSF in patients with multiple myeloma receiving anti-cancer treatments, and fewer describe whether G-CSF was beneficial. None of the identified studies reported G-CSF primary prophylaxis. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the need for G-CSF prophylaxis in multiple myeloma. Prophylaxis may be particularly useful in patients at high risk of prolonged severe neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Leleu
- Department of Haematology and CIC Inserm U1082, Hôpital La Milétrie, Poitiers, France.
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Haematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Kim Allcott
- Oxford PharmaGenesis, Tubney, Oxfordshire, OX13 5QJ, UK
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Seki JT, Sakurai N, Lam W, Reece DE. Pomalidomide desensitization in a patient hypersensitive to immunomodulating agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:e328-e332. [PMID: 28874903 DOI: 10.3747/co.24.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite progressive treatments with tandem stem-cell transplantation, patients with incurable myeloma eventually succumb to relapsed or refractory disease if left untreated. Promising agents such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulating imide drugs (imids), including the newer-generation agent pomalidomide, in combination with lower-dose dexamethasone, have been shown to be effective and to significantly improve and prolong survival in pretreated patients. Although the incidence of pomalidomide hypersensitivity reaction (hsr) in this class of drugs is not as well known, we have documented cutaneous toxicity (grade 3 by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4) in 2 separate cases (not yet published). Because the imids are chemically, structurally, and pharmacologically similar, it is not unreasonable to consider possible cross-reactivity in pomalidomide recipients who developed hsr when receiving previous lines of imids. As a patient's advocate, it is only prudent to provide a responsible, and yet practical, means to better address cross-sensitivity for patients. Intervention with the use of a rapid desensitization program (rdp) as a preventive measure should be introduced before initiating pomalidomide. Such a proactive measure for the patient's safety will ensure a smooth transition into pomalidomide treatment. A hsr can be either related or non-related to immunoglobulin E. As imids become an essential treatment backbone for myeloma and other plasma-cell diseases, an increasing number of patients could experience skin and other life-threatening toxicities, resulting in unnecessary discontinuation of these life-prolonging agents. An extemporaneously prepared pomalidomide suspension developed at our centre enables patients to undergo rdp safely. Patients enjoy a good quality of life and clinical response after the rdp procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Seki
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto; and
| | - N Sakurai
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network
| | - W Lam
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network
| | - D E Reece
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
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9
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Boudin L, Patient M, Roméo E, Bladé JS, de Jauréguiberry JP. Induction de tolérance après toxidermie au lénalidomide au cours d’un syndrome 5q-. Bull Cancer 2017; 104:814-816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Seki JT, Sakurai N, Kukreti V. Lenalidomide Desensitization in Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis With Multi-Organ Involvement. J Clin Med Res 2015; 7:807-11. [PMID: 26346623 PMCID: PMC4554222 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2303e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited therapeutic options are available to amyloid patients treated with many lines of therapy. Although combination therapy using lenalidomide and dexamethasone is an effective sequential regimen for systemic amyloidosis (AL), dexamethasone is often poorly tolerated in patients with cardiac involvement. Lenalidomide as single agent has modest activity, but when used in combination with dexamethasone, careful titration is needed. Dermatological adverse reactions can be problematic to patients on lenalidomide-based therapy. Lowering lenalidomide doses have not been able to consistently prevent recurrent skin toxicity. We report a patient who was neither eligible for stem cell transplant nor able to tolerate previous lines of therapy. Therapeutic dilemma arose from lenalidomide-related moderately severe skin toxicity. We enrolled the patient in the lenalidomide rapid desensitization program (RDP) with success in the presence of poor cardiac reserve and renal impairment. No recurrence of skin rash was observed during the course of therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first AL patients who received and tolerated RDP well, despite multi-organ impairments. The target dose may be achieved based on individual patient’s ability to tolerate RDP. Incremental dose increase can be applied in future dates without risk of rash recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Seki
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada ; College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Drake University, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Naoko Sakurai
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vishal Kukreti
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tinsley SM, Kurtin SE, Ridgeway JA. Practical Management of Lenalidomide-Related Rash. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15 Suppl:S64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Lee MJ, Wickner P, Fanning L, Schlossman R, Richardson P, Laubach J, Castells M. Lenalidomide desensitization for delayed hypersensitivity reactions in 5 patients with multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:127-31. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - Paige Wickner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - Laura Fanning
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | | | - Paul Richardson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston MA USA
| | | | - Maria Castells
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston MA USA
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