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Sang W, Tu D, Zhang M, Qin Y, Yin W, Song X, Sun C, Yan D, Wang X, Zeng L, Li Z, Xu K, Xu L. l-Asparaginase synergizes with etoposide via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in Epstein-Barr virus-positive Burkitt lymphoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23117. [PMID: 35757978 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B-cell lymphoma characterized by the translocation and rearrangement of the c-Myc proto-oncogene. High-intensity multidrug chemotherapy regimens have a limited effect on the survival of refractory or relapsed BL patients, mainly owing to the high EBV load and drug resistance. l-asparaginase ( l-Asp) and etoposide (VP-16) play a beneficial role in EBV-related lymphoproliferative diseases; however, their roles and mechanisms in BL remain unclear. In this study, we found that VP-16 inhibited BL cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle at the G2 /M phase. It also induced autophagy and activated the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in BL cells. Mechanistically, VP-16 inhibited c-Myc expression and regulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Notably, VP-16 also showed a specific synergistic effect with l-Asp to induce apoptosis in EBV-positive BL cells but not in EBV-negative BL cells. VP-16 combined with l-Asp further inhibited c-Myc expression and downregulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Additionally, we found that VP-16 inhibited the expression of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), and in combination with l-Asp further decreased LMP1 expression in Raji cells. Our in vivo data also showed that the dual-drug combination significantly inhibited the growth of BL tumors and prolonged the survival of mice compared to VP-16 alone. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence that l-Asp may enhance the antitumor effect of VP-16 by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in EBV-positive BL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyun Tu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiology, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuguang Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangmin Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linyan Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Tu DY, Zhang M, Yin WJ, Xu LY, Sang W, Li ZY, Xu KL. [Effects of L-asparaginase on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:930-938. [PMID: 35045655 PMCID: PMC8763592 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of L-asparaginase on the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and explore the molecular mechanism. Methods: The effect of L-asparaginase on the cell proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines was detected using the CCK-8 method. The apoptosis rate and cell cycle were detected using flow cytometry. The expression of related molecules in cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was detected and analyzed using qPCR and Western blot assay. Results: L-asparaginase significantly inhibited the proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and caused cell cycle arrest at G(0)/G(1) phage. L-asparaginase induced cell apoptosis and autophagy in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines. Further results showed that L-asparaginase inhibited the expression of c-Myc and also inhibited the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt-S473, p-mTOR, p-70S6K, and p-4E-BP1. Combining PI3K inhibitor LY294002 with L-asparaginase further induced apoptosis. Additionally, L-Asp inhibited STAT and ERK signaling pathways. Conclusion: L-asparaginase inhibited Burkitt lymphoma cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle, activated autophagy, and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Tu
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China Department of Cardiology, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - M Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - W J Yin
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - W Sang
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - K L Xu
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Cell Research and Transformation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
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Chojnacka K, Skrzypczak D, Izydorczyk G, Mikula K, Szopa D, Witek-Krowiak A. Antiviral Properties of Polyphenols from Plants. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102277. [PMID: 34681326 PMCID: PMC8534698 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are active substances against various types of viral infections. Researchers have characterized methods of how to isolate polyphenols without losing their potential to formulate pharmaceutical products. Researchers have also described mechanisms against common viral infections (i.e., influenza, herpes, hepatitis, rotavirus, coronavirus). Particular compounds have been discussed together with the plants in the biomass in which they occur. Quercetin, gallic acid and epigallocatechin are exemplary compounds that inhibit the growth cycle of viruses. Special attention has been paid to identify plants and polyphenols that can be efficient against coronavirus infections. It has been proven that polyphenols present in the diet and in pharmaceuticals protect us from viral infections and, in case of infection, support the healing process by various mechanisms, i.e., they block the entry into the host cells, inhibit the multiplication of the virus, seal blood vessels and protect against superinfection.
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