Interaction of serum calcium and folic acid treatment on first stroke in hypertensive males

Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Nanoparticles Loading Adriamycin Based on 2-Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride Chitosan Grafting Folic Acid

Chitosan nanoparticles have been considered as potential candidates for drug loading/release in drug delivery systems. In this paper, nanoparticles (HACAFNP) loading adriamycin based on 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan grafting folic acid (HACF) were synthesized. The surface morphology of the novel nanoparticles was spherical or oval, and the nanoparticles exhibited a relatively small hydrodynamic diameter (85.6 ± 2.04 nm) and positive zeta potential (+21.06 ± 0.96 mV). The drug release of nanoparticles was assayed and represented a burst effect followed by a long-term steady release. Afterward, the antioxidant efficiencies of nanoparticles were assayed. In particular, the target nanoparticles exhibited significant enhancement in radical scavenging activities. Cytotoxicities against cancer cells (MCF-7, BGC-823, and HEPG-2) were estimated in vitro, and results showed nanoparticles inhibited the growth of cancer cells. It's worth noting that the inhibition index of HACAFNP against BGC-823 cells was 71.19% with the sample concentration of 25 μg/mL, which was much higher than the inhibitory effect of ADM. It was demonstrated that the novel nanoparticles with dramatically enhanced biological activity, reduced cytotoxicity, and steady release could be used as the practical candidates for drug loading/release in a delivery system.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1: Regulatory mechanisms and drug development in stroke

Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease caused by sudden rupture of blood vessels in the brain or blockage of blood vessels, which has now become one of the main causes of adult death. During stroke, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), as an important regulator under hypoxia conditions, is involved in the pathological process of stroke by regulating multi-pathways, such as glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, cell survival. However, the roles of HIF-1 in stroke are still controversial, which are related with ischemic time and degree of ischemia. The regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1 in stroke include inflammation, autophagy, oxidative stress, apoptosis and energy metabolism. The potential drugs targeting HIF-1 have attracted more attention, such as HIF-1 inhibitors, HIF-1 stabilizers and natural products. Based on the role of HIF-1 in stroke, HIF-1 is expected to be a potential target for stroke treatment. Resolving when and what interventions for HIF-1 to take during stroke will provide novel strategies for stroke treatment.