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Chiu CF, Guerrero JJG, Regalado RRH, Zamora MJB, Zhou J, Notarte KI, Lu YW, Encarnacion PC, Carles CDD, Octavo EM, Limbaroc DCI, Saengboonmee C, Huang SY. Insights into Metabolic Reprogramming in Tumor Evolution and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3513. [PMID: 39456607 PMCID: PMC11506062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16203513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer remains a global health challenge, characterized not just by uncontrolled cell proliferation but also by the complex metabolic reprogramming that underlies its development and progression. Objectives: This review delves into the intricate relationship between cancer and its metabolic alterations, drawing an innovative comparison with the cosmological concepts of dark matter and dark energy to highlight the pivotal yet often overlooked role of metabolic reprogramming in tumor evolution. Methods: It scrutinizes the Warburg effect and other metabolic adaptations, such as shifts in lipid synthesis, amino acid turnover, and mitochondrial function, driven by mutations in key regulatory genes. Results: This review emphasizes the significance of targeting these metabolic pathways for therapeutic intervention, outlining the potential to disrupt cancer's energy supply and signaling mechanisms. It calls for an interdisciplinary research approach to fully understand and exploit the intricacies of cancer metabolism, pointing toward metabolic reprogramming as a promising frontier for developing more effective cancer treatments. Conclusion: By equating cancer's metabolic complexity with the enigmatic nature of dark matter and energy, this review underscores the critical need for innovative strategies in oncology, highlighting the importance of unveiling and targeting the "dark energy" within cancer cells to revolutionize future therapy and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.J.G.G.); (Y.-W.L.); (P.C.E.)
- Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Jonathan Jaime G. Guerrero
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.J.G.G.); (Y.-W.L.); (P.C.E.)
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines; (C.D.D.C.); (E.M.O.); (D.C.I.L.)
- College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Ric Ryan H. Regalado
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; (R.R.H.R.); (M.J.B.Z.)
| | - Ma. Joy B. Zamora
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; (R.R.H.R.); (M.J.B.Z.)
| | - Jiayan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Kin Israel Notarte
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Yu-Wei Lu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.J.G.G.); (Y.-W.L.); (P.C.E.)
| | - Paolo C. Encarnacion
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.J.G.G.); (Y.-W.L.); (P.C.E.)
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines; (C.D.D.C.); (E.M.O.); (D.C.I.L.)
- College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan
| | - Cidne Danielle D. Carles
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines; (C.D.D.C.); (E.M.O.); (D.C.I.L.)
- College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Edrian M. Octavo
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines; (C.D.D.C.); (E.M.O.); (D.C.I.L.)
| | - Dan Christopher I. Limbaroc
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines; (C.D.D.C.); (E.M.O.); (D.C.I.L.)
- College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Erb HHH, Polishchuk N, Stasyk O, Kahya U, Weigel MM, Dubrovska A. Glutamine Metabolism and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2871. [PMID: 39199642 PMCID: PMC11352381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamine (Gln) is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the development and progression of several malignancies, including prostate cancer (PCa). While Gln is non-essential for non-malignant prostate epithelial cells, PCa cells become highly dependent on an exogenous source of Gln. The Gln metabolism in PCa is tightly controlled by well-described oncogenes such as MYC, AR, and mTOR. These oncogenes contribute to therapy resistance and progression to the aggressive castration-resistant PCa. Inhibition of Gln catabolism impedes PCa growth, survival, and tumor-initiating potential while sensitizing the cells to radiotherapy. Therefore, given its significant role in tumor growth, targeting Gln metabolism is a promising approach for developing new therapeutic strategies. Ongoing clinical trials evaluate the safety and efficacy of Gln catabolism inhibitors in combination with conventional and targeted therapies in patients with various solid tumors, including PCa. Further understanding of how PCa cells metabolically interact with their microenvironment will facilitate the clinical translation of Gln inhibitors and help improve therapeutic outcomes. This review focuses on the role of Gln in PCa progression and therapy resistance and provides insights into current clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger H. H. Erb
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Nikita Polishchuk
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine; (N.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Oleh Stasyk
- Department of Cell Signaling, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine; (N.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Uğur Kahya
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (M.M.W.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias M. Weigel
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (M.M.W.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Physician practice variation in head and neck cancer therapy: Results of a national survey. Oral Oncol 2021; 117:105293. [PMID: 33862559 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Choice between surgical or medical treatments in head and neck cancer depends of many patient-related and disease-related factors. We investigated how patients' socioeconomic status and practitioners' specialty could affect medical decision-making. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online, nationwide survey, send to surgeons, oncologists and radiotherapists specialized in head and neck oncology. We collected data on medical decision-making for seven clinical scientific scenarios involving head and neck carcinoma and physicians' demographic data. Patients' gender and socioeconomic position were distributed across scientific scenarios using a Latin square design. The scientific scenarios were grouped into several categories according to the prognostic and functional impact of the therapeutic choice. RESULTS We obtained 206 assessable answers. Surgeons seemed to propose surgery in 49% of cases, whereas oncologists and radiotherapists opted for it in 34% of cases only. This was particularly relevant when the oncological result of surgery and the medical approach were equivalent, and when the surgery appeared to be superior in terms of curative potential but was burdened by a large functional impact. Patient's socioeconomic position also influence therapeutic decision. Among surgeons, the "single male manager" had significantly more chance of being offered surgery than the "married male blue-collar worker". Among oncologists and radiotherapists, the "single male blue-collar worker" had the lowest probability of being proposed surgery. Regarding gender, surgeons tended to offer surgical management more to women regardless of their clinical profile. CONCLUSIONS Patients' sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, practitioners' specialty affect therapeutic management decisions in head and neck oncology.
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