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Maestas MM, Bui MH, Millman JR. Recent progress in modeling and treating diabetes using stem cell-derived islets. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae059. [PMID: 39159002 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) offer the potential to be an unlimited source of cells for disease modeling and the treatment of diabetes. SC-islets can be genetically modified, treated with chemical compounds, or differentiated from patient derived stem cells to model diabetes. These models provide insights into disease pathogenesis and vulnerabilities that may be targeted to provide treatment. SC-islets themselves are also being investigated as a cell therapy for diabetes. However, the transplantation process is imperfect; side effects from immunosuppressant use have reduced SC-islet therapeutic potential. Alternative methods to this include encapsulation, use of immunomodulating molecules, and genetic modification of SC-islets. This review covers recent advances using SC-islets to understand different diabetes pathologies and as a cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlie M Maestas
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Maggie H Bui
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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2
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Grenko CM, Taylor HJ, Bonnycastle LL, Xue D, Lee BN, Weiss Z, Yan T, Swift AJ, Mansell EC, Lee A, Robertson CC, Narisu N, Erdos MR, Chen S, Collins FS, Taylor DL. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of human pancreatic islets reveals genes responsive to glucose exposure over 24 h. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06214-4. [PMID: 38967666 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Disruption of pancreatic islet function and glucose homeostasis can lead to the development of sustained hyperglycaemia, beta cell glucotoxicity and subsequently type 2 diabetes. In this study, we explored the effects of in vitro hyperglycaemic conditions on human pancreatic islet gene expression across 24 h in six pancreatic cell types: alpha; beta; gamma; delta; ductal; and acinar. We hypothesised that genes associated with hyperglycaemic conditions may be relevant to the onset and progression of diabetes. METHODS We exposed human pancreatic islets from two donors to low (2.8 mmol/l) and high (15.0 mmol/l) glucose concentrations over 24 h in vitro. To assess the transcriptome, we performed single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) at seven time points. We modelled time as both a discrete and continuous variable to determine momentary and longitudinal changes in transcription associated with islet time in culture or glucose exposure. Additionally, we integrated genomic features and genetic summary statistics to nominate candidate effector genes. For three of these genes, we functionally characterised the effect on insulin production and secretion using CRISPR interference to knock down gene expression in EndoC-βH1 cells, followed by a glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay. RESULTS In the discrete time models, we identified 1344 genes associated with time and 668 genes associated with glucose exposure across all cell types and time points. In the continuous time models, we identified 1311 genes associated with time, 345 genes associated with glucose exposure and 418 genes associated with interaction effects between time and glucose across all cell types. By integrating these expression profiles with summary statistics from genetic association studies, we identified 2449 candidate effector genes for type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, random blood glucose and fasting blood glucose. Of these candidate effector genes, we showed that three (ERO1B, HNRNPA2B1 and RHOBTB3) exhibited an effect on glucose-stimulated insulin production and secretion in EndoC-βH1 cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The findings of our study provide an in-depth characterisation of the 24 h transcriptomic response of human pancreatic islets to glucose exposure at a single-cell resolution. By integrating differentially expressed genes with genetic signals for type 2 diabetes and glucose-related traits, we provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying glucose homeostasis. Finally, we provide functional evidence to support the role of three candidate effector genes in insulin secretion and production. DATA AVAILABILITY The scRNA-seq data from the 24 h glucose exposure experiment performed in this study are available in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGap; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap/ ) with accession no. phs001188.v3.p1. Study metadata and summary statistics for the differential expression, gene set enrichment and candidate effector gene prediction analyses are available in the Zenodo data repository ( https://zenodo.org/ ) under accession number 11123248. The code used in this study is publicly available at https://github.com/CollinsLabBioComp/publication-islet_glucose_timecourse .
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb M Grenko
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Henry J Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dongxiang Xue
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian N Lee
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zoe Weiss
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tingfen Yan
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy J Swift
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erin C Mansell
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Angela Lee
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine C Robertson
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael R Erdos
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - D Leland Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Jovanovic VM, Narisu N, Bonnycastle LL, Tharakan R, Mesch KT, Glover HJ, Yan T, Sinha N, Sen C, Castellano D, Yang S, Blivis D, Ryu S, Bennett DF, Rosales-Soto G, Inman J, Ormanoglu P, LeClair CA, Xia M, Schneider M, Hernandez-Ochoa EO, Erdos MR, Simeonov A, Chen S, Singeç I, Collins FS, Doege CA, Tristan CA. Scalable Hypothalamic Arcuate Neuron Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Suitable for Modeling Metabolic and Reproductive Disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.601062. [PMID: 39005353 PMCID: PMC11244856 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.601062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The hypothalamus, composed of several nuclei, is essential for maintaining our body's homeostasis. The arcuate nucleus (ARC), located in the mediobasal hypothalamus, contains neuronal populations with eminent roles in energy and glucose homeostasis as well as reproduction. These neuronal populations are of great interest for translational research. To fulfill this promise, we used a robotic cell culture platform to provide a scalable and chemically defined approach for differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), somatostatin (SST), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal subpopulations with an ARC-like signature. This robust approach is reproducible across several distinct hPSC lines and exhibits a stepwise induction of key ventral diencephalon and ARC markers in transcriptomic profiling experiments. This is further corroborated by direct comparison to human fetal hypothalamus, and the enriched expression of genes implicated in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Genome-wide chromatin accessibility profiling by ATAC-seq identified accessible regulatory regions that can be utilized to predict candidate enhancers related to metabolic disorders and hypothalamic development. In depth molecular, cellular, and functional experiments unveiled the responsiveness of the hPSC-derived hypothalamic neurons to hormonal stimuli, such as insulin, neuropeptides including kisspeptin, and incretin mimetic drugs such as Exendin-4, highlighting their potential utility as physiologically relevant cellular models for disease studies. In addition, differential glucose and insulin treatments uncovered adaptability within the generated ARC neurons in the dynamic regulation of POMC and insulin receptors. In summary, the establishment of this model represents a novel, chemically defined, and scalable platform for manufacturing large numbers of hypothalamic arcuate neurons and serves as a valuable resource for modeling metabolic and reproductive disorders.
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Lacombe J, Ferron M. Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation in β-cells and diabetes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:661-673. [PMID: 38429160 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin K is an essential micronutrient and a cofactor for the enzyme γ-glutamyl carboxylase, which adds a carboxyl group to specific glutamic acid residues in proteins transiting through the secretory pathway. Higher vitamin K intake has been linked to a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Preclinical work suggests that this effect depends on the γ-carboxylation of specific proteins in β-cells, including endoplasmic reticulum Gla protein (ERGP), implicated in the control of intracellular Ca2+ levels. In this review we discuss these recent advances linking vitamin K and glucose metabolism, and argue that identification of γ-carboxylated proteins in β-cells is pivotal to better understand how vitamin K protects from T2D and to design targeted therapies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lacombe
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada; Programme de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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5
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Artuyants A, Guo G, Flinterman M, Middleditch M, Jacob B, Lee K, Vella L, Su H, Wilson M, Eva L, Shelling AN, Blenkiron C. The tumour-derived extracellular vesicle proteome varies by endometrial cancer histology and is confounded by an obesogenic environment. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300055. [PMID: 38644352 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer, the most common gynaecological cancer worldwide, is closely linked to obesity and metabolic diseases, particularly in younger women. New circulating biomarkers have the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment selections, which could significantly improve outcomes. Our approach focuses on extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarker discovery by directly profiling the proteome of EVs enriched from frozen biobanked endometrial tumours. We analysed nine tissue samples to compare three clinical subgroups-low BMI (Body Mass Index) Endometrioid, high BMI Endometrioid, and Serous (any BMI)-identifying proteins related to histological subtype, BMI, and shared secreted proteins. Using collagenase digestion and size exclusion chromatography, we successfully enriched generous quantities of EVs (range 204.8-1291.0 µg protein: 1.38 × 1011-1.10 × 1012 particles), characterised by their size (∼150 nm), expression of EV markers (CD63/81), and proposed endometrial cancer markers (L1CAM, ANXA2). Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling identified 2075 proteins present in at least one of the 18 samples. Compared to cell lysates, EVs were successfully depleted for mitochondrial and blood proteins and enriched for common EV markers and large secreted proteins. Further analysis highlighted significant differences in EV protein profiles between the high BMI subgroup and others, underlining the impact of comorbidities on the EV secretome. Interestingly, proteins differentially abundant in tissue subgroups were largely not also differential in matched EVs. This research identified secreted proteins known to be involved in endometrial cancer pathophysiology and proposed novel diagnostic biomarkers (EIF6, MUC16, PROM1, SLC26A2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Artuyants
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - George Guo
- Department of Physiology in the School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Mass Spectrometry Hub, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marcella Flinterman
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin Middleditch
- Technical Services, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bincy Jacob
- Centre of eResearch, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kate Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Laura Vella
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huaqi Su
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Wilson
- Cancer and Blood, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Oncology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lois Eva
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew N Shelling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Roumeliotis S, Divani M, Stamellou E, Liakopoulos V. Genomics in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A 2024 Update. Curr Genomics 2024; 25:153-157. [PMID: 39086997 PMCID: PMC11288163 DOI: 10.2174/0113892029300247240325080421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) remains the leading cause of Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) worldwide, with an increasing epidemiological burden. However, still, the disease awareness remains low, early diagnosis is difficult, and therapeutic management is ineffective. These might be attributed to the fact that DKD is a highly heterogeneous disease, with disparities and variability in clinical presentation and progression patterns. Besides environmental risk factors, genetic studies have emerged as a novel and promising tool in the field of DKD. Three decades ago, family studies first reported that inherited genetic factors might confer significant risk to DKD development and progression. During the past decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) screening the whole genome in large and multi-ethnic population-based cohorts identified genetic risk variants associated with traits defining DKD in both type 1 and 2 diabetes. Herein, we aim to summarize the existing data regarding the progress in the field of genomics in DKD, present how the revolution of GWAS expanded our understanding of pathophysiologic disease mechanisms and finally, suggest potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Second Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Divani
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleni Stamellou
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Second Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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7
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Hu M, Kim I, Morán I, Peng W, Sun O, Bonnefond A, Khamis A, Bonàs-Guarch S, Froguel P, Rutter GA. Multiple genetic variants at the SLC30A8 locus affect local super-enhancer activity and influence pancreatic β-cell survival and function. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23610. [PMID: 38661000 PMCID: PMC11108099 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301700rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Variants at the SLC30A8 locus are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. The lead variant, rs13266634, encodes an amino acid change, Arg325Trp (R325W), at the C-terminus of the secretory granule-enriched zinc transporter, ZnT8. Although this protein-coding variant was previously thought to be the sole driver of T2D risk at this locus, recent studies have provided evidence for lowered expression of SLC30A8 mRNA in protective allele carriers. In the present study, we examined multiple variants that influence SLC30A8 allele-specific expression. Epigenomic mapping has previously identified an islet-selective enhancer cluster at the SLC30A8 locus, hosting multiple T2D risk and cASE associations, which is spatially associated with the SLC30A8 promoter and additional neighboring genes. Here, we show that deletion of variant-bearing enhancer regions using CRISPR-Cas9 in human-derived EndoC-βH3 cells lowers the expression of SLC30A8 and several neighboring genes and improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. While downregulation of SLC30A8 had no effect on beta cell survival, loss of UTP23, RAD21, or MED30 markedly reduced cell viability. Although eQTL or cASE analyses in human islets did not support the association between these additional genes and diabetes risk, the transcriptional regulator JQ1 lowered the expression of multiple genes at the SLC30A8 locus and enhanced stimulated insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Innah Kim
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ignasi Morán
- Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Weicong Peng
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Orien Sun
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France.France
| | - Amna Khamis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France.France
| | - Sílvia Bonàs-Guarch
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), C/ Dr. Aiguader, 88, PRBB Building, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, EGID, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France.France
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Lee Kong Chian Imperial Medical School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Wang L, Xue Z, Tian Y, Zeng W, Zhang T, Lu H. A single-cell transcriptome atlas of Lueyang black-bone chicken skin. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103513. [PMID: 38350389 PMCID: PMC10875617 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
As the largest organ of the body, the skin participates in various physiological activities, such as barrier function, sensory function, and temperature regulation, thereby maintaining the balance between the body and the natural environment. To date, compositional and transcriptional profiles in chicken skin cells have not been reported. Here, we report detailed transcriptome analyses of cell populations present in the skin of a black-feather chicken and a white-feather chicken using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). By analyzing cluster-specific gene expression profiles, we identified 12 cell clusters, and their corresponding cell types were also characterized. Subsequently, we characterized the subpopulations of keratinocytes, myocytes, mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts, and melanocytes. It is worth noting that we have identified a subpopulation of keratinocytes involved in pigment granule capture and a subpopulation of melanocytes involved in pigment granule deposition, both of which have a higher cell abundance in black-feather chicken compared to white-feather chicken. Meanwhile, we also compared the cellular heterogeneity features of Lueyang black-bone chicken skin with different feather colors. In addition, we also screened out 12 genes those could be potential markers of melanocytes. Finally, we validated the specific expression of SGK1, WNT5A, CTSC, TYR, and LAPTM5 in black-feather chicken, which may be the key candidate genes determining the feather color differentiation of Lueyang black-bone chicken. In summary, this study first revealed the transcriptome characteristics of chicken skin cells via scRNA-seq technology. These datasets provide valuable information for the study of avian skin characteristics and have important implications for future poultry breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Zhen Xue
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Yingmin Tian
- School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Wenxian Zeng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
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9
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Kruczkowska W, Gałęziewska J, Kciuk M, Gielecińska A, Płuciennik E, Pasieka Z, Zhao LY, Yu YJ, Kołat D, Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż. Senescent adipocytes and type 2 diabetes - current knowledge and perspective concepts. Biomol Concepts 2024; 15:bmc-2022-0046. [PMID: 38530804 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Among civilization diseases, the number of individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is expected to increase to more than a billion in less than 20 years, which is associated with, e.g., populational aging, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, genetic predispositions, and immunological factors. T2DM affects many organs and is characterized by insulin resistance, high glucose levels, and adipocyte dysfunction, which are related to senescence. Although this type of cellular aging has beneficial biological functions, it can also act unfavorable since senescent adipocytes resist apoptosis, enhance cytokine secretion, downregulate cell identity genes, and acquire the senescence-associated secretory phenotype that renders a more oxidative environment. Opposing T2DM is possible via a wide variety of senotherapies, including senolytics and senomorphics; nevertheless, further research is advised to expand therapeutic possibilities and benefits. Consequences that ought to be deeply researched include secretory phenotype, chronic inflammation, increasing insulin resistance, as well as impairment of adipogenesis and functioning of adipocyte cells. Herein, despite reviewing T2DM and fat tissue senescence, we summarized the latest adipocyte-related anti-diabetes solutions and suggested further research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kruczkowska
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Gałęziewska
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Pasieka
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lin-Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Jin Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
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