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Manuel E, Armando A, Francisco M, Paixão J, Aramburu J, de Oliveira MDS, Freitas H, Pedro AM, Jandondo D, Carderon PB, Lamezon SL, Fortes F, Mariscal J, Cardoso Y, Moreira R, Morais J, Francisco NM. Assessment of the yellow fever outbreak in Angola from December 2015 through December 2016: A retrospective study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1924. [PMID: 38444843 PMCID: PMC10913757 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The acute tropical infectious disease known as yellow fever (YF) is caused by an arbovirus and is characterized by fever, jaundice, hemorrhage, headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Angola experienced a yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak that was documented in December 2015. However, little is known about the outcome of this outbreak. We aimed to demonstrate epidemic features and lessons learned during the YF epidemic in Angola. Methods A total of 4618 blood samples from suspected YF cases were sent to the Instituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (INIS), a national referral and public health laboratory, between December 5, 2015, and December 23, 2016. Sample analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Blood samples were sent from 16 out of the 18 provinces of Angola. Results We detected 884 (19.1%) cases that were positive for ELISA, which were confirmed by RT-PCR assay. Considering the positive cases, the incidence among male patients was around three times higher (n = 223; 10.9%) than in female patients (n = 59; 2.6%) in the 20-29 age group, followed by the age group 10-19 with n = 211 (6.8%) in males versus n = 108 (3.3%) in females; and the age group 30-39 had n = 68 (4.8%) in males versus n = 28 (1.8%) in females. The other groups had an incidence below 3.0%. The case fatality ratio for YF was in young adults in the age group 20-29 with n = 39 cases, followed by the age group 10-19 with n = 16 cases, and finally the age group 0-9 with n = 13 cases. The other age groups had several deaths by YF below 10 cases. Conclusions This study demonstrates features of the YF epidemic that occurred in Angola. Also, it demonstrates that YF causes deaths in young people but is preventable by high vaccine coverage. Thus, public health laboratory surveillance must be strengthened to reduce the possibility of emerging and re-emerging human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Manuel
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Agostinho NetoLuandaAngola
- Direcção Nacional de Saúde PúblicaMinistério da SaúdeLuandaAngola
| | - António Armando
- Direcção Nacional de Saúde PúblicaMinistério da SaúdeLuandaAngola
| | - Moisés Francisco
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e ImunológicaInstituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research)LuandaAngola
| | - Joana Paixão
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e ImunológicaInstituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research)LuandaAngola
| | | | | | - Helga Freitas
- Direcção Nacional de Saúde PúblicaMinistério da SaúdeLuandaAngola
| | | | - Domingos Jandondo
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e ImunológicaInstituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research)LuandaAngola
| | | | | | - Filomeno Fortes
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina TropicalUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Jorge Mariscal
- Direcção Nacional de Saúde PúblicaMinistério da SaúdeLuandaAngola
| | - Yolanda Cardoso
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Agostinho NetoLuandaAngola
| | - Rosa Moreira
- Direcção Nacional de Saúde PúblicaMinistério da SaúdeLuandaAngola
| | - Joana Morais
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Agostinho NetoLuandaAngola
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e ImunológicaInstituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research)LuandaAngola
| | - Ngiambudulu M. Francisco
- Grupo de Investigação Microbiana e ImunológicaInstituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (National Institute for Health Research)LuandaAngola
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Nieuwenhuijse DF, van der Linden A, Kohl RHG, Sikkema RS, Koopmans MPG, Oude Munnink BB. Towards reliable whole genome sequencing for outbreak preparedness and response. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:569. [PMID: 35945497 PMCID: PMC9361258 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08749-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the dynamics of infectious diseases, genomic epidemiology is increasingly advocated, with a need for rapid generation of genetic sequences during outbreaks for public health decision making. Here, we explore the use of metagenomic sequencing compared to specific amplicon- and capture-based sequencing, both on the Nanopore and the Illumina platform for generation of whole genomes of Usutu virus, Zika virus, West Nile virus, and Yellow Fever virus. RESULTS We show that amplicon-based Nanopore sequencing can be used to rapidly obtain whole genome sequences in samples with a viral load up to Ct 33 and capture-based Illumina is the most sensitive method for initial virus determination. CONCLUSIONS The choice of sequencing approach and platform is important for laboratories wishing to start whole genome sequencing. Depending on the purpose of genome sequencing the best choice can differ. The insights presented in this work and the shown differences in data characteristics can guide labs to make a well informed choice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert H G Kohl
- Departement of Virology of the Vaccination Programme, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Reina S Sikkema
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bas B Oude Munnink
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Gwynne L, Williams GT, Yan K, Gardiner JE, Hilton KLF, Patenall BL, Hiscock JR, Maillard J, He X, James TD, Sedgwick AC, Jenkins ATA. The Evaluation of Ester Functionalised TCF‐Based Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Bacterial Species. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Gwynne
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
| | - George T. Williams
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
- School of Physical Sciences University of Kent CT2 7NH Canterbury UK
| | - Kai‐Cheng Yan
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | | | - Kira L. F. Hilton
- School of Physical Sciences University of Kent CT2 7NH Canterbury UK
| | | | | | - Jean‐Yves Maillard
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Cardiff University CF10 3NB Cardiff UK
| | - Xiao‐Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Tony D. James
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 P. R. China
| | - Adam C. Sedgwick
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 East 24th Street A5300 Austin, Texas 78712–1224 USA
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Parola P, Musso D. Zika, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever infections in Europe? - Winter is over, warm days are coming - So hedge your bets. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 35:101614. [PMID: 32145385 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Parola
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France.
| | - Didier Musso
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; Laboratoire Eurofins Labazur Guyane, French Guiana
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Sekhawat V, Lucas SB. Re-emergent yellow fever: new faces of an old killer. Histopathology 2019; 75:636-637. [PMID: 31643117 DOI: 10.1111/his.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sekhawat
- St Barts and The Royal London Hospital, Bartshealth Trust London, London, UK
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Virus-Like Particle Systems for Vaccine Development against Viruses in the Flaviviridae Family. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040123. [PMID: 31547131 PMCID: PMC6963367 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses in the Flaviviridae family are important human and animal pathogens that impose serious threats to global public health. This family of viruses includes emerging and re-emerging viruses, most of which are transmitted by infected mosquito or tick bites. Currently, there is no protective vaccine or effective antiviral treatment against the majority of these viruses, and due to their growing spread, several strategies have been employed to manufacture prophylactic vaccines against these infectious agents including virus-like particle (VLP) subunit vaccines. VLPs are genomeless viral particles that resemble authentic viruses and contain critical repetitive conformational structures on their surface that can trigger the induction of both humoral and cellular responses, making them safe and ideal vaccine candidates against these viruses. In this review, we focus on the potential of the VLP platform in the current vaccine development against the medically important viruses in the Flaviviridae family.
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Jácome R, Carrasco-Hernández R, Campillo-Balderas JA, López-Vidal Y, Lazcano A, Wenzel RP, Ponce de León S. A yellow flag on the horizon: The looming threat of yellow fever to North America. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 87:143-150. [PMID: 31382047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Yellow fever virus historically was a frequent threat to American and European coasts. Medical milestones such as the discovery of mosquitoes as vectors and subsequently an effective vaccine significantly reduced its incidence, in spite of which, thousands of cases of this deathly disease still occur regularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Amazonian basin in South America, which are usually not reported. An urban outbreak in Angola, consecutive years of increasing incidence near major Brazilian cities, and imported cases in China, South America and Europe, have brought this virus back to the global spotlight. The aim of this article is to underline that the preventive YFV measures, such as vaccination, need to be carefully revised in order to minimize the risks of new YFV outbreaks, especially in urban or immunologically vulnerable places. Furthermore, this article highlights the diverse factors that have favored the spread of other Aedes spp.-associated arboviral diseases like Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika, to northern latitudes causing epidemics in the United States and Europe, emphasizing the possibility that YFV might follow the path of these viruses unless enhanced surveillance and efficient control systems are urgently initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Jácome
- Laboratorio de Origen de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Carrasco-Hernández
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Campillo-Balderas
- Laboratorio de Origen de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yolanda López-Vidal
- Programa de Inmunología Molecular Microbiana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Lazcano
- Laboratorio de Origen de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico; Miembro de El Colegio Nacional, Mexico
| | | | - Samuel Ponce de León
- Programa Universitario de Investigación en Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Wilke ABB, Vasquez C, Medina J, Carvajal A, Petrie W, Beier JC. Community Composition and Year-round Abundance of Vector Species of Mosquitoes make Miami-Dade County, Florida a Receptive Gateway for Arbovirus entry to the United States. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8732. [PMID: 31217547 PMCID: PMC6584581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are a heavy burden to human-kind. Global warming and urbanization have a significant impact on vector-borne disease transmission, resulting in more severe outbreaks, and outbreaks in formerly non-endemic areas. Miami-Dade County, Florida was the most affected area in the continental United States during the 2016 Zika virus outbreak. Miami is an important gateway and has suitable conditions for mosquitoes year-round. Therefore, it was critical to establish and validate a surveillance system to guide and improve mosquito control operations. Here we assess two years of mosquito surveillance in Miami established after the 2016 Zika virus outbreak. Our results show that the most abundant mosquito species are either well adapted to urban environments or are adapting to it. The five most abundant species comprised 85% of all specimens collected, with four of them being primary vectors of arboviruses. Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus were found year-round throughout Miami regardless of urbanization level, vegetation, or socioeconomic variations. This study serves as a foundation for future efforts to improve mosquito surveillance and control operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- André B B Wilke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America.
| | - Chalmers Vasquez
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control Division, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Johana Medina
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control Division, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Augusto Carvajal
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control Division, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - William Petrie
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control Division, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - John C Beier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
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