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Renner J, Schmidt M, de Las Heras D. Reduced-variance orientational distribution functions from torque sampling. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:235901. [PMID: 36974000 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a method to sample the orientational distribution function in computer simulations. The method is based on the exact torque balance equation for classical many-body systems of interacting anisotropic particles in equilibrium. Instead of the traditional counting of events, we reconstruct the orientational distribution function via an orientational integral of the torque acting on the particles. We test the torque sampling method in two- and three-dimensions, using both Langevin dynamics and overdamped Brownian dynamics, and with two interparticle interaction potentials. In all cases the torque sampling method produces profiles of the orientational distribution function with better accuracy than those obtained with the traditional counting method. The accuracy of the torque sampling method is independent of the bin size, and hence it is possible to resolve the orientational distribution function with arbitrarily small angular resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Renner
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Daniel de Las Heras
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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2
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Ionic Liquid@Metal-Organic Framework as a Solid Electrolyte in a Lithium-Ion Battery: Current Performance and Perspective at Molecular Level. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071076. [PMID: 35407194 PMCID: PMC9000457 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Searching for a suitable electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is a challenging task. The electrolyte must not only be chemically and mechanically stable, but also be able to transport lithium ions efficiently. Ionic liquid incorporated into a metal-organic framework (IL@MOF) has currently emerged as an interesting class of hybrid material that could offer excellent electrochemical properties. However, the understanding of the mechanism and factors that govern its fast ionic conduction is crucial as well. In this review, the characteristics and potential use of IL@MOF as an electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery are highlighted. The importance of computational methods is emphasized as a comprehensive tool to investigate the atomistic behavior of IL@MOF and its interaction in electrochemical environments.
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Coles SW, Mangaud E, Frenkel D, Rotenberg B. Reduced variance analysis of molecular dynamics simulations by linear combination of estimators. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:191101. [PMID: 34240909 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Building upon recent developments of force-based estimators with a reduced variance for the computation of densities, radial distribution functions, or local transport properties from molecular simulations, we show that the variance can be further reduced by considering optimal linear combinations of such estimators. This control variates approach, well known in statistics and already used in other branches of computational physics, has been comparatively much less exploited in molecular simulations. We illustrate this idea on the radial distribution function and the one-dimensional density of a bulk and confined Lennard-Jones fluid, where the optimal combination of estimators is determined for each distance or position, respectively. In addition to reducing the variance everywhere at virtually no additional cost, this approach cures an artifact of the initial force-based estimators, namely, small but non-zero values of the quantities in regions where they should vanish. Beyond the examples considered here, the present work highlights, more generally, the underexplored potential of control variates to estimate observables from molecular simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - E Mangaud
- MSME, Université Gustave Eiffel, UPEC, CNRS, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - D Frenkel
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - B Rotenberg
- Physicochimie des électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
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Rotenberg B. Use the force! Reduced variance estimators for densities, radial distribution functions, and local mobilities in molecular simulations. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:150902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0029113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
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Monroe JI, Hatch HW, Mahynski NA, Shell MS, Shen VK. Extrapolation and interpolation strategies for efficiently estimating structural observables as a function of temperature and density. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:144101. [PMID: 33086808 DOI: 10.1063/5.0014282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamic extrapolation has previously been used to predict arbitrary structural observables in molecular simulations at temperatures (or relative chemical potentials in open-system mixtures) different from those at which the simulation was performed. This greatly reduces the computational cost in mapping out phase and structural transitions. In this work, we explore the limitations and accuracy of thermodynamic extrapolation applied to water, where qualitative shifts from anomalous to simple-fluid-like behavior are manifested through shifts in the liquid structure that occur as a function of both temperature and density. We present formulas for extrapolating in volume for canonical ensembles and demonstrate that linear extrapolations of water's structural properties are only accurate over a limited density range. On the other hand, linear extrapolation in temperature can be accurate across the entire liquid state. We contrast these extrapolations with classical perturbation theory techniques, which are more conservative and slowly converging. Indeed, we show that such behavior is expected by demonstrating exact relationships between extrapolation of free energies and well-known techniques to predict free energy differences. An ideal gas in an external field is also studied to more clearly explain these results for a toy system with fully analytical solutions. We also present a recursive interpolation strategy for predicting arbitrary structural properties of molecular fluids over a predefined range of state conditions, demonstrating its success in mapping qualitative shifts in water structure with density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob I Monroe
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Harold W Hatch
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Nathan A Mahynski
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - M Scott Shell
- University of California - Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Vincent K Shen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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6
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Mangaud E, Rotenberg B. Sampling mobility profiles of confined fluids with equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044125. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0013952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Mangaud
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
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7
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Purohit A, Schultz AJ, Kofke DA. Implementation of harmonically mapped averaging in LAMMPS, and effect of potential truncation on anharmonic properties. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:014107. [PMID: 31914768 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Implementation of the harmonically mapped averaging (HMA) framework in the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) is presented for on-the-fly computations of the energy, pressure, and heat capacity of crystalline systems during canonical molecular dynamics simulations. HMA has a low central processing unit and storage requirements and is straightforward to use. As a case study, the properties of the Lennard-Jones and embedded-atom model (parameterized for nickel) crystals are computed. The results demonstrate the higher efficiency of the new class compared to the inbuilt LAMMPS classes for calculating these properties. However, HMA loses its effectiveness in systems where diffusion occurs in the crystal, and an example is presented to allow this behavior to be recognized. In addition to its improved precision, HMA is less affected by small errors introduced by having a larger time step in molecular dynamics simulations. We also present an analysis of the effect of potential truncation on anharmonic properties, and show that artifacts of truncation on the HMA averages can be eliminated simply by shifting the potential energy to zero at the truncation radius. Full properties can be obtained by adding easily computed values for the lattice and harmonic properties using the untruncated potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Purohit
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
| | - Andrew J Schultz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
| | - David A Kofke
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
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Trokhymchuk A, Schultz AJ, Kofke DA. Alternative ensemble averages in molecular dynamics simulation of hard spheres. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1664779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrij Trokhymchuk
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrew J. Schultz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David A. Kofke
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Coles SW, Borgis D, Vuilleumier R, Rotenberg B. Computing three-dimensional densities from force densities improves statistical efficiency. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W. Coles
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des électrolytes et nanosystèmes interfaciaux, UMR PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Borgis
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Maison de la Simulation, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rodolphe Vuilleumier
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des électrolytes et nanosystèmes interfaciaux, UMR PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
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