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Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Göen Colak D, Popescu I, Cianga I. Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147495. [PMID: 35886844 PMCID: PMC9317439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2’-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by “direct dissolution”.Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Irina Popescu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
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Gjuroski I, Furrer J, Vermathen M. Probing the Interactions of Porphyrins with Macromolecules Using NMR Spectroscopy Techniques. Molecules 2021; 26:1942. [PMID: 33808335 PMCID: PMC8037866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyrinic compounds are widespread in nature and play key roles in biological processes such as oxygen transport in blood, enzymatic redox reactions or photosynthesis. In addition, both naturally derived as well as synthetic porphyrinic compounds are extensively explored for biomedical and technical applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photovoltaic systems, respectively. Their unique electronic structures and photophysical properties make this class of compounds so interesting for the multiple functions encountered. It is therefore not surprising that optical methods are typically the prevalent analytical tool applied in characterization and processes involving porphyrinic compounds. However, a wealth of complementary information can be obtained from NMR spectroscopic techniques. Based on the advantage of providing structural and dynamic information with atomic resolution simultaneously, NMR spectroscopy is a powerful method for studying molecular interactions between porphyrinic compounds and macromolecules. Such interactions are of special interest in medical applications of porphyrinic photosensitizers that are mostly combined with macromolecular carrier systems. The macromolecular surrounding typically stabilizes the encapsulated drug and may also modify its physical properties. Moreover, the interaction with macromolecular physiological components needs to be explored to understand and control mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on such non-covalent interactions of porphyrinic drugs with synthetic polymers as well as with biomolecules such as phospholipids or proteins. A brief introduction into various NMR spectroscopic techniques is given including chemical shift perturbation methods, NOE enhancement spectroscopy, relaxation time measurements and diffusion-ordered spectroscopy. How these NMR tools are used to address porphyrin-macromolecule interactions with respect to their function in biomedical applications is the central point of the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martina Vermathen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (I.G.); (J.F.)
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Chroni A, Mavromoustakos T, Pispas S. Biocompatible PEO-b-PCL Nanosized Micelles as Drug Carriers: Structure and Drug-Polymer Interactions. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091872. [PMID: 32962043 PMCID: PMC7559820 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on the preparation of drug nanocarriers by encapsulating losartan potassium (LSR) into amphiphilic block copolymer micelles, utilizing the biocompatible/biodegradable poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) diblock copolymer. The PEO-b-PCL micelles and LSR-loaded PEO-b-PCL nanocarriers were prepared by organic solvent evaporation method (OSEM). Light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provide information on micelle structure and polymer-drug interactions. According to dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, the PEO-b-PCL micelles and LSR-loaded PEO-b-PCL nanocarriers formed nanostructures in the range of 17-26 nm in aqueous milieu. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) measurements confirmed the presence of LSR in the polymeric drug solutions. NMR results proved the successful encapsulation of LSR into the PEO-b-PCL micelles by analyzing the drug-micelles intermolecular interactions. Specifically, 2D-NOESY experiments clearly evidenced the intermolecular interactions between the biphenyl ring and butyl chain of LSR structure with the methylene signals of PCL. Additionally, NMR studies as a function of temperature demonstrated an unexpected, enhanced proton mobility of the PEO-b-PCL micellar core in D2O solutions, probably caused by the melting of the PCL hydrophobic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Chroni
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Zografou, Greece;
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-727-3824
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Ojha J, Nanda R, Dorai K. NMR investigation of the thermogelling properties, anomalous diffusion, and structural changes in a Pluronic F127 triblock copolymer in the presence of gold nanoparticles. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Gjuroski I, Girousi E, Meyer C, Hertig D, Stojkov D, Fux M, Schnidrig N, Bucher J, Pfister S, Sauser L, Simon HU, Vermathen P, Furrer J, Vermathen M. Evaluation of polyvinylpyrrolidone and block copolymer micelle encapsulation of serine chlorin e6 and chlorin e4 on their reactivity towards albumin and transferrin and their cell uptake. J Control Release 2019; 316:150-167. [PMID: 31689463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of porphyrinic photosensitizers (PSs) into polymeric carriers plays an important role in enhancing their efficiency as drugs in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Porphyrin aggregation and low solubility as well as the preservation of the advantageous photophysical properties pose a challenge on the design of efficient PS-carrier systems. Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are promising drug delivery vehicles for physical entrapment of PSs. BCMs exhibit enhanced dynamics as compared to the less flexible PVP network. In the current work the question is addressed how these different dynamics affect PS encapsulation, release from the carrier, reaction with serum proteins, and cellular uptake. The porphyrinic compounds serine-amide of chlorin e6 (SerCE) and chlorin e4 (CE4) were used as model PSs with different lipophilicity and aggregation properties. 1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy were applied to study their interactions with PVP and BCMs consisting of Kolliphor P188 (KP). Both chlorins were well encapsulated by the carriers and had improved photophysical properties. Compared to SerCE, the more lipophilic CE4 exhibited stronger hydrophobic interactions with the BCM core, stabilizing the system and preventing exchange with the surrounding medium as was shown by NMR NOESY and DOSY experiments. PVP and BCMs protected the encapsulated chlorins against interaction with human transferrin (Tf). However, SerCE and CE4 were released from BCMs in favor of binding to human serum albumin (HSA) while PVP prevented interaction with HSA. Fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed that HSA binds to the surface of PVP forming a protein corona. PVP and BCMs reduced cellular uptake of the chlorins. However, encapsulation into BCMs resulted in more efficient cell internalization for CE4 than for SerCE. HSA significantly lowered both, free and carrier-mediated cell uptake for CE4 and SerCE. In conclusion, PVP appears as the more universal delivery system covering a broad range of host molecules with respect to polarity, whereas BCMs require a higher drug-carrier compatibility. Poorly soluble hydrophobic PSs benefit stronger from BCM-type carriers due to enhanced bioavailability through disaggregation and solubilization allowing for more efficient cell uptake. In addition, increased PS-carrier hydrophobic interactions have a stabilizing effect. For more hydrophilic PSs, the main advantage of polymeric carriers like PVP or poloxamer micelles lies in their protection during the transport through the bloodstream. HSA binding plays an important role for drug release and cell uptake in carrier-mediated delivery to the target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilche Gjuroski
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Eleftheria Girousi
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Meyer
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Damian Hertig
- Department of BioMedical Research and Radiology, University of Bern and Inselspital, sitem-insel AG, Freiburgstrasse 3, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern and Inselspital, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Darko Stojkov
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern and Inselspital, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Fux
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern and Inselspital, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Schnidrig
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Bucher
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Pfister
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Sauser
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern and Inselspital, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vermathen
- Department of BioMedical Research and Radiology, University of Bern and Inselspital, sitem-insel AG, Freiburgstrasse 3, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Vermathen
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Tarif E, Saha B, Mukherjee K, De P, Biswas R. Exploring Aqueous Solution Dynamics of an Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymer: Dielectric Relaxation and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5892-5901. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ejaj Tarif
- Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences (CBMS), S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Kallol Mukherjee
- Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences (CBMS), S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjit Biswas
- Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences (CBMS), S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
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Xue Y, Sun J, Xiong S, Chai H, Xin X, Xu G, Liu T. Effect of block sequence of hyperbranched block copolymers on the aggregation behavior, drug solubilization and release property. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gjuroski I, Furrer J, Vermathen M. How Does the Encapsulation of Porphyrinic Photosensitizers into Polymer Matrices Affect Their Self-Association and Dynamic Properties? Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1089-1102. [PMID: 29384257 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with porphyrinic photosensitizers largely relies on efficient drug formulations to prevent porphyrin aggregation and to enhance water solubility and stability in physiologic environments. In this study, we compare two polymeric carrier systems, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and block copolymer micelles (BCMs) formed by the poloxamer Kolliphor P188 (KP), for their encapsulation efficiencies of porphyrin (xPP) and chlorin e6 (xCE) derivatives. Monomerization, loading efficiency, and dynamic properties were examined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy chemical shift titration, DOSY, and T2 relaxation time measurements. Binding affinity was determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Both PVP and KP-BCMs were well suited to disaggregate and encapsulate amphiphilic xCE, whereas they were less efficient for the xPP compounds. PVP exhibited higher monomerization efficiency than KP-BCMs. Significant differences were found in the dynamic behavior of the carriers. PVP formed rather stable complexes with the porphyrinic compounds, whereas a dynamic equilibrium between free and bound porphyrins was found to exist in the presence of KP-BCMs. This may have a considerable impact on the pharmacokinetic properties of the corresponding delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilche Gjuroski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Vermathen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Liu B, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wu S, Ru G, Feng J. Inhomogeneous-collapse driven micelle-vesicle transition of amphiphilic block copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7106-7111. [PMID: 28852756 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01540b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the morphological transition dynamics related to the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface has been a challenge due to the lack of an effective evaluation method. Herein, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed to study the morphological transition related chain collapse of poly(N,N'-diethylaminoethylmethacrylate)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PDEAEMA133-b-PNIPA322) and poly(N,N'-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PDMAEMA95-b-PNIPA228) and was proved to be a powerful technique in morphological transition mechanism studies once combined with dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Unlike the cooperative coil collapse of two blocks in the PDMAEMA95-b-PNIPA228 alkaline solution upon heating which induces the assembly of a nanostructure (∼200 nm) with a hydrophobic core containing both collapsed PDMAEMA and PNIPA segments and a hydrophilic surface part consisting of un-shrunk PDMAEMA and PNIPA segments, PDEAEMA133-b-PNIPA322 with a low-temperature core-shell micelle structure showed a micelle-vesicle transition due to temperature-induced inhomogeneous-collapse of PNIPA. The PNIPA segments in the shell sequentially collapse outside (starting at the core-shell interface), accompanied by a gradual decrease in micelle size. Above the critical temperature, the residual hydrophilic PNIPA segments become too short to stabilize the micelle structure, the micelles then transform into vesicles of a slightly larger size, instead of micelle aggregation and precipitation as normally expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaolan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Selective Solvents. FLUORESCENCE STUDIES OF POLYMER CONTAINING SYSTEMS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26788-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Hu Y, Darcos V, Monge S, Li S. Synthesis and self-assembling of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-block-poly(L
-lactide)-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) triblock copolymers prepared by combination of ring-opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Hu
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron; UMR CNRS 5247-Equipe Biopolymères Artificiels; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Montpellier I; 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Vincent Darcos
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron; UMR CNRS 5247-Equipe Biopolymères Artificiels; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Montpellier I; 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Sophie Monge
- Institut Charles Gerhardt; UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1-Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Université Montpellier II; cc1702, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Suming Li
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron; UMR CNRS 5247-Equipe Biopolymères Artificiels; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Montpellier I; 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Synthesis of stimuli responsive PEG47–b-PAA126–b-PSt32 triblock copolymer and its self-assembly in aqueous solutions. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Binauld S, Scarano W, Stenzel MH. pH-Triggered Release of Platinum Drugs Conjugated to Micelles via an Acid-Cleavable Linker. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3012812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Binauld
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wei Scarano
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Jiang G, Ren J. Synthesis of an Amphiphilic Multiarm Star Polymer as Encapsulation and Release Carrier for Guest Molecules. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/138577210x12634696333712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Jiang
- a Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China; Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jiebing Ren
- b Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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de Graaf AJ, Boere KWM, Kemmink J, Fokkink RG, van Nostrum CF, Rijkers DTS, van der Gucht J, Wienk H, Baldus M, Mastrobattista E, Vermonden T, Hennink WE. Looped structure of flowerlike micelles revealed by 1H NMR relaxometry and light scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:9843-9848. [PMID: 21755924 DOI: 10.1021/la2019605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental proof that so-called "flowerlike micelles" exist and that they have some distinctly different properties compared to their "starlike" counterparts. Amphiphilic AB diblock and BAB triblock copolymers consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as hydrophilic A block and thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) B block(s) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). In aqueous solutions, both block copolymer types form micelles above the cloud point of pNIPAm. Static and dynamic light scattering measurements in combination with NMR relaxation experiments proved the existence of flowerlike micelles based on pNIPAm(16kDa)-PEG(4kDa)-pNIPAm(16kDa) which had a smaller radius and lower mass and aggregation number than starlike micelles based on mPEG(2kDa)-pNIPAm(16kDa). Furthermore, the PEG surface density was much lower for the flowerlike micelles, which we attribute to the looped configuration of the hydrophilic PEG block. (1)H NMR relaxation measurements showed biphasic T(2) relaxation for PEG, indicating rigid PEG segments close to the micelle core and more flexible distal segments. Even the flexible distal segments were shown to have a lower mobility in the flowerlike micelles compared to the starlike micelles, indicating strain due to loop formation. Taken together, it is demonstrated that self-assemblies of BAB triblock copolymers have their hydrophilic block in a looped conformation and thus indeed adopt a flowerlike conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J de Graaf
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Phani Kumar B, Umayal Priyadharsini S, Prameela G, Mandal AB. NMR investigations of self-aggregation characteristics of SDS in a model assembled tri-block copolymer solution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 360:154-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wilmes GM, Arnold DJ, Kawchak KS. Effect of chain rigidity on block copolymer micelle formation and dissolution as observed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Soliman GM, Choi AO, Maysinger D, Winnik FM. Minocycline block copolymer micelles and their anti-inflammatory effects on microglia. Macromol Biosci 2010; 10:278-88. [PMID: 19937662 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
MH, a semisynthetic tetracycline antibiotic with promising neuroprotective properties, was encapsulated into PIC micelles of CMD-PEG as a potential new formulation of MH for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. PIC micelles were prepared by mixing solutions of a Ca(2+)/MH chelate and CMD-PEG copolymer in a Tris-HCl buffer. Light scattering and (1)H NMR studies confirmed that Ca(2+)/MH/CMD-PEG core-corona micelles form at charge neutrality having a hydrodynamic radius approximately 100 nm and incorporating approximately 50 wt.-% MH. MH entrapment in the micelles core sustained its release for up to 24 h under physiological conditions. The micelles protected the drug against degradation in aqueous solutions at room temperature and at 37 degrees C in the presence of FBS. The micelles were stable in aqueous solution for up to one month, after freeze drying and in the presence of FBS and BSA. CMD-PEG copolymers did not induce cytotoxicity in human hepatocytes and murine microglia (N9) in concentrations as high as 15 mg x mL(-1) after incubation for 24 h. MH micelles were able to reduce the inflammation in murine microglia (N9) activated by LPS. These results strongly suggest that MH PIC micelles can be useful in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghareb Mohamed Soliman
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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21
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Aliaga C, Briones L, Rezende MC, Tirapegui C. The thermochromism of the ET(30) betaine in a micro-heterogeneous medium: A spectral and dynamics simulation study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 349:565-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Master AM, Rodriguez ME, Kenney ME, Oleinick NL, Gupta AS. Delivery of the photosensitizer Pc 4 in PEG-PCL micelles for in vitro PDT studies. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:2386-98. [PMID: 19967780 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The silicon phthalocyanine Pc 4 is a second-generation photosensitizer that has several properties superior to other photosensitizers currently approved by the FDA, and it has shown significant promise for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in several cancer cells in vitro and model tumor systems in vivo. However, because of the high hydrophobicity of Pc 4, its formulation for in vivo delivery and favorable biodistribution become challenging. To this end, we are studying encapsulation and delivery of Pc 4 in block copolymer micelles. Here, we report the development of biocompatible PEG-PCL micelle nanoparticles, encapsulation of Pc 4 within the micelle core by hydrophobic association with the PCL block, and in vitro PDT studies of the micelle-formulated Pc 4 in MCF-7c3 human breast cancer cells. Our studies demonstrate efficient encapsulation of Pc 4 in the micelles, intracellular uptake of the micelle-formulated Pc 4 in cells, and significant cytotoxic effect of the formulation upon photoirradiation. Quantitative estimation of the extent of Pc 4 loading in the micelles and the photocytotoxicity of the micelle-incorporated Pc 4 demonstrate the promise of our approach to develop a biocompatible nanomedicine platform for tumor-targeted delivery of Pc 4 for site-selective PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Master
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Wickenden Building, Rm 519, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Jiang G, Ren J. Preparation of a Multiarm Star Polymer as Encapsulation and Release Carrier for Guest Molecules. Des Monomers Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1163/138577210x521323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Jiang
- a Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China, Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China;,
| | - Jiebing Ren
- b Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Schmidt V, Borsali R, Giacomelli C. Aggregation of a versatile triblock copolymer into pH-responsive cross-linkable nanostructures in both organic and aqueous media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13361-13367. [PMID: 19606885 DOI: 10.1021/la901937p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of linear poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PEO-b-PG2MA-b-PDPA) triblock copolymer into pH-responsive cross-linkable nanostructures in both organic and aqueous media is reported. Light scattering (LS), electron transmission microscopy (TEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) techniques revealed that spherical particles with a core-shell architecture originated upon direct copolymer dissolution in THF, with PG2MA middle blocks occupying the nucleus, and PEO + PDPA segments forming the external layer. The hydroxylated core could be conveniently reticulated to form core cross-linked (CCL) micelles, which swelled without dissociating in presence of water at pH < pK(a) of amino groups. In the absence of stabilizing mechanisms (cross-links), the aggregates first disassembled in response to changes in the solvent selectivity due to water addition and eventually self-assembled again into spherical particles with a three-layered core-shell-corona structure. While pH-responsive PDPA segments were located at the core, PG2MA and PEO blocks composed the inner shell and corona, respectively. The interactions that facilitate micelle existence were reinforced by covalent cross-links in the PG2MA inner shell. Thus, depending on both the solution pH and the presence of cross-links, micelles exhibiting either pH-triggered or diffusion-controlled release mechanisms could be prepared. The encapsulation of enough amounts of guest molecules that interact strongly with the core-forming block led to the formation of cylindrical micelles. These results demonstrate that at least five different types of aggregates can be prepared from this versatile triblock copolymer, thus emphasizing the great potential of combining macromolecular design and sample manipulation strategies to devise functional nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Schmidt
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia (CCET), Universidade de Caxias do Sul, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul,RS, Brazil
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