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Rastogi P, Honecker D, Alba Venero D, Mahmoudi N, Kaisare NS, Basavaraj MG. Modulating shape transition in surfactant stabilized reverse microemulsions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7033-7045. [PMID: 37681684 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00682d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The formation of reverse microemulsions (RMs) of spherical shape in the oil/water/surfactant ternary mixture at high molar ratio of water to surfactant (ω) is well established. Using dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering, we elucidate the formation of non-spherical reverse microemulsions stabilised by sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) at ω = 10 and volume fractions of the dispersed phase, Φ, ranging from 0.005 to 0.20. In addition, we propose a strategy to tune the aspect ratio of non-spherical droplets and colloidal interactions by (i) varying the volume fraction of the dispersed phase (ii) changing the temperature, and (iii) by substituting the aliphatic oil with a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. This tunability of anisotropy along with a precise control of the interactions in the RMs, their ability to form spontaneously and their thermodynamic stability is crucial to provide a handle on reaction kinetics, synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles as well as for their application as lubricants and viscosity modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetika Rastogi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai - 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Dirk Honecker
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Diego Alba Venero
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Niket S Kaisare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai - 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Madivala G Basavaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai - 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gutiérrez-Sánchez O, Daems N, Bulut M, Pant D, Breugelmans T. Effects of Benzyl-Functionalized Cationic Surfactants on the Inhibition of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in CO 2 Reduction Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56205-56216. [PMID: 34783238 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cationic surfactants, mainly hexadecyl cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), are widely used in electrocatalysis to affect the selectivity of the reaction, specifically to inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in CO2 reduction (CO2R) systems. However, little research has been done on the modification of the functional groups present in such surfactants in order to promote this HER-inhibiting effect. In this work, the effectiveness of CTAB was promoted by substituting a methyl group of the quaternary amine for a benzyl group. This cationic surfactant, cetalkonium chloride (CKC), increased the hydrophobicity of the surface of the electrode, promoting the HER inhibition and the CO2R when HCO3- is used as a carbon source, which allows combining capture and conversion in one and the same medium, making it industrially highly attractive. By performing a detailed electrochemical characterization, we proved that the benzyl group formed an enhanced hydrophobic layer on the surface of the electrode in addition to the alkyl chain of the surfactant, showing higher effectiveness compared to CTAB. In fact, the Faradaic efficiency of the CO2R increased from 39 to 66% in saturated HCO3- electrolytes by using CKC instead of CTAB as the HER inhibitor. This opens up a wide range of avenues for research on the application of surfactants in the field of electrocatalysis, because, as proven, a selective modification of it can tune the selectivity of the reaction, adding a new variable in the design of an efficient carbon capture and utilization system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Gutiérrez-Sánchez
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry and Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Nick Daems
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry and Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Metin Bulut
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
| | - Tom Breugelmans
- Research Group Applied Electrochemistry and Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
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3
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Zhang Y, Li J, Yin Z, Zhang J, Guo W, Wang M. Quantum Chemical Study of the Carbon Dioxide-Philicity of Surfactants: Effects of Tail Functionalization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15352-15361. [PMID: 33300802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2)-philic surfactants have broad application prospects in organic synthesis, fracture-enhanced oil recovery, polymerization, extraction, and other fields and can be used to enhance the viscosity of supercritical CO2 (scCO2). In this work, the relationship between the functional group of the surfactant tail and CO2-philicity is studied from a new perspective using density functional theory. Three common functional group types (fluorinated, oxidative, and methyl groups) were investigated. The analysis of binding energy demonstrates that all three types of functional groups can improve the CO2-philicity of the surfactant. Among these three kinds of functional groups, the strongest interaction with CO2 molecules is observed for oxidative functional groups followed by semifluorinated, fluorinated, and methyl groups. However, the CO2 molecules tend to be adsorbed onto the middle segment of the oxidative group, and the intrusion of the CO2 molecules results in the low solubility of oxidative surfactants. In contrast, fluorinated and methyl groups interact with CO2 at the end of the surfactant tail. As a result, the fluorinated surfactants show the best solubility in CO2. Therefore, the solubility of a surfactant in CO2 is not only related to the interaction strength between the surfactant and CO2, it also depends on the interaction structure. The results of this study provide a new strategy for evaluating surfactant CO2-philicity and provide guidance for the design of surfactants with high solubility in scCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhipeng Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Wenyue Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Muhan Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
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4
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Shim Y. Computer simulation study of fluorocarbon phosphate surfactant based aqueous reverse micelle in supercritical CO 2: roles of surfactant functional groups, ionic strength, and phase changes in CO 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3434-3445. [PMID: 31984986 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06613f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Structural and dynamic properties of an aqueous micelle organized from fluorocarbon phosphate surfactant molecules in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) are investigated via molecular dynamics computer simulations. The roles of the functional groups and ionic strength of the surfactants on the formation of reverse micelles in supercritical CO2, and related water dynamics characterized as translational and reorientational dynamics, are systematically demonstrated by employing three different phosphate-based surfactants paired with sodium cations. The strong electrostatic interactions between the phosphate head groups and sodium cations result in formation of an aqueous core inside the surfactant aggregates, where water molecules are bonded together with loss of the tetrahedral hydrogen bonded network found in bulk water. It is found that all the three surfactants with CO2-philic fluorocarbon double tails build up well-stabilized reverse micelles in supercritical CO2, avoiding direct contacts between CO2 and water molecules. Despite this, the surfactant with a carboxylic ester linkage between the phosphate head and fluorocarbon tail group tends to coordinate water molecules toward sustaining the inter-water hydrogen bonds, indicating better efficiency at covering the aqueous core with hydrophobic groups compared to one without a carboxylic ester group. As for water molecules confined in the reverse micelle, their translational and reorientational motions, and fluctuating dynamics of the inter-water hydrogen bonds, significantly slow down compared to bulk water at ambient temperature. The water dynamics become more restricted with an increase in ionic strength of the anionic surfactant; this is attributed to divalent surfactant heads and sodium cations being more tightly bound together with bonding to water compared to monovalent ones. Lastly, the structural and dynamic changes of the reverse micelle caused by a phase change in CO2 are monitored with gradually decreasing temperature and pressure from the supercritical to gaseous state for CO2. The average reverse micelle structure equilibrated in supercritical CO2 is found to remain stable over a time period of 0.2 ms through a depressurization process to gaseous CO2. We note that the diverse pathways of surfactant self-aggregation in gaseous CO2 could be controlled by the preceding solvation procedure in the supercritical regime which governs the final aggregated structures in gaseous CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseon Shim
- CAE Group, Autonomous Material Development Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16678, Korea.
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5
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Arnould A, Cousin F, Chabas L, Fameau AL. Impact of the molar ratio and the nature of the counter-ion on the self-assembly of myristic acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 510:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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6
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Wang M, Wang J, Fang T, Yan Y, Wang Z, Zhang J. Shape transition of water-in-CO2 reverse micelles controlled by the surfactant midpiece. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:15535-15542. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01844h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Designing CO2-philic surfactants for generating wormlike reverse micelles (RMs) is an effective approach to enhance the viscosity of supercritical CO2 (scCO2), however this remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
| | - Timing Fang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
| | - Youguo Yan
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering
- China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum
- 266580 Qingdao
- China
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7
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Fameau AL, Cousin F, Saint-Jalmes A. Morphological Transition in Fatty Acid Self-Assemblies: A Process Driven by the Interplay between the Chain-Melting and Surface-Melting Process of the Hydrogen Bonds. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12943-12951. [PMID: 29064713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In surfactant systems, the major role of the nature of the counterion in the surfactant behavior is well-known. However, the effect of the molar ratio between the surfactant and its counterion is less explored in the literature. We investigated the effect of the molar ratio (R) between 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) and various alkanolamines as a function of the temperature in aqueous solution from the molecular scale to the mesoscale. By coupling microscopy techniques and small-angle neutron scattering, we showed that 12-HSA self-assembled into multilamellar tubes and transitioned into micelles at a precise temperature. This temperature transition depended on both the molar ratio and the alkyl chain length of the counterion and could be precisely tuned from 20 to 75 °C. This thermal behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray scattering. We highlighted that the transition at the supramolecular scale between tubes and micelles came from two different mechanisms at the molecular scale as a function of the molar ratio. At low R, with an excess of counterion, the transition came from the chain-melting phenomenon. At high R, with an excess of 12-HSA, the transition came from both the chain-melting process and the surface-melting process of the hydrogen bonds. At the mesoscale, this transition of supramolecular assemblies from tubes to micelles delimited a regime of high bulk viscosity, with a regime of low viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Fameau
- Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA , Rue de la Géraudière, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin, CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Saint-Jalmes
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6251-Université Rennes 1 , 35042 Rennes, France
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Sun L, Dai L, Zhang G, Tang J. Effect of monomer sequence distribution on the CO2-philicity of a well-defined ternary copolymer: Poly(vinyl acetate-co-vinyl butyrate-co-vinyl butyl ether). POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Liu B, Tang X, Fang W, Li X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Yan Y, Sun X, He J. Molecular dynamics study of di-CF4 based reverse micelles in supercritical CO 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:29156-29163. [PMID: 27730238 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04253h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reverse micelles (RMs) in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) are promising alternatives for organic solvents, especially when both polar and non-polar components are involved. Fluorinated surfactants, particularly double-chain fluorocarbon surfactants, are able to form well-structured RMs in scCO2. The inherent self-assembly mechanisms of surfactants in scCO2 are still subject to discussion. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the self-aggregation behavior of di-CF4 based RMs in scCO2, and stable and spherical RMs are formed. The dynamics process and the self-assembly structure in the RMs reveal a three-step mechanism to form the RMs, that is, small RMs, rod-like RMs and fusion of the rod-like RMs. Hydrogen-bonds between headgroups and water molecules, and salt bridges linking Na+ ions, headgroups and water molecules enhance the interfacial packing efficiency of the surfactant. The results show that di-CF4 molecules have a high surfactant coverage at the RM interface, implying a high CO2-philicity. This mainly results from bending of the short chain (C-COO-CH2-(CF2)3-CF3) due to the flexible carboxyl group. The microscopic insight provided in this study is helpful in understanding surfactant self-assembly phenomena and designing new CO2-philic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China. and NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
| | - Xinpeng Tang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Wenjing Fang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
| | - Yue Shen
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Youguo Yan
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jianying He
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
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Wang M, Fang T, Wang P, Tang X, Sun B, Zhang J, Liu B. The self-assembly structure and the CO 2-philicity of a hybrid surfactant in supercritical CO 2: effects of hydrocarbon chain length. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:8177-8185. [PMID: 27714309 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01584k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid surfactants containing both fluorocarbon (FC) and hydrocarbon (HC) chains, as effective CO2-philic surfactants, could improve the solubility of polar substances in supercritical CO2. Varying the length of the HC of hybrid surfactants is an effective way to improve the CO2-philicity. In this paper, we have investigated the effects of the HC length on the self-assembly process and the CO2-philicity of hybrid surfactants (F7Hn, n = 1, 4, 7 and 10) in water/CO2 mixtures using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the self-assembly time of F7Hn exhibits a maximum when the length of the HC is equal to that of the FC (F7H7). In this case, the investigation of H-bonds between the water core and CO2 phase shows that F7H7 has the strongest CO2-philicity because it has the best ability to separate water and CO2. To explain the origin of the differences in separation ability, the analysis of the structures of the reverse micelles shows that there are two competing mechanisms with a shortening HC. Firstly, the volume of F7Hn is reduced, which thus decreases the separation ability. Moreover, this also leads to the curved conformation of the FC. As a result, the separation ability is enhanced. These two mechanisms are balanced in F7H7, which has the best ability to separate water and CO2. Our simulation results demonstrate that the increased volume and the curved conformation of the hybrid surfactant tail could enhance the CO2-philicity in F7Hn surfactants. It is expected that this work will provide valuable information for the design of CO2-philic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Timing Fang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Xinpeng Tang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Baojiang Sun
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China. and Key Laboratory of New Energy Physics & Materials Science in Universities of Shandong, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Mohamed A, Ardyani T, Bakar SA, Sagisaka M, Ono S, Narumi T, Kubota M, Brown P, Eastoe J. Effect of surfactant headgroup on low-fluorine-content CO2-philic hybrid surfactants. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Pottage MJ, Greaves TL, Garvey CJ, Tabor RF. The effects of alkylammonium counterions on the aggregation of fluorinated surfactants and surfactant ionic liquids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 475:72-81. [PMID: 27156087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of organic counterions with varying carbon number on surfactant aggregation have been analysed by coupling perfluorooctanoate surfactant anions with various alkylammonium counterions. Both the degree of substitution (primary to tertiary) and alkyl chain length (0-3 carbons) of the counterions were varied to provide a comprehensive matrix of geometries and lipophilicities. Surface activity was measured using pendant drop tensiometry, while temperature-controlled small-angle neutron scattering was used to probe changes in aggregation morphology. It was found that the use of such alkylammonium counterions resulted in a strong preference for bilayer formation even at low surfactant concentration (<2wt%), when compared to simple inorganic counterions such as sodium which favour near-spherical micelles. At increased temperatures, some counterions led to unique phase behaviour wherein a transition between two structurally different lamellar phases is seen, rationalised as a transition into a microscopic phase separation wherein a surfactant-rich lamellar phase coexists with a dilute micellar phase. The results indicate that aggregation is controlled by a delicate balance of counterion size, hydrophilicity and diffuseness of charge, providing new methods for the subtle control of surfactant solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Pottage
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Christopher J Garvey
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Girard E, Tassaing T, Marty JD, Destarac M. Structure-Property Relationships in CO2-philic (Co)polymers: Phase Behavior, Self-Assembly, and Stabilization of Water/CO2 Emulsions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4125-69. [PMID: 27014998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Review provides comprehensive guidelines for the design of CO2-philic copolymers through an exhaustive and precise coverage of factors governing the solubility of different classes of polymers. Starting from computational calculations describing the interactions of CO2 with various functionalities, we describe the phase behavior in sc-CO2 of the main families of polymers reported in literature. The self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers of controlled architecture in supercritical carbon dioxide and their use as stabilizers for water/carbon dioxide emulsions then are covered. The relationships between the structure of such materials and their behavior in solutions and at interfaces are systematically underlined throughout these sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Girard
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
| | - Thierry Tassaing
- ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Université de Bordeaux , 351, Cours de la Libération, Talence F-33405 Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Marty
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathias Destarac
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
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14
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Hu D, Sun S, Yuan PQ, Zhao L, Liu T. Exploration of CO2-Philicity of Poly(vinyl acetate-co-alkyl vinyl ether) through Molecular Modeling and Dissolution Behavior Measurement. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12490-501. [PMID: 26332013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon CO2-philes are of great interest for use in expanding CO2 applications as a green solvent. In this work, multiscale molecular modeling and dissolution behavior measurement were both applied to explore CO2-philicity of the poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)-based copolymer. Introduction of a favorable comonomer, i.e., vinyl ethyl ether (VEE), could significantly reduce the polymer-polymer interaction on the premise that the polymer-CO2 interaction was not weakened but enhanced. The ab initio calculated interaction of the model molecules with CO2 demonstrated that the ether group in VEE or VBE was the suitable CO2-philic segment. From the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of polymer/CO2 systems, the interaction energy and Flory-Huggins parameter (χ12) of poly(VAc-alt-VEE)/CO2 supported that poly(VAc-alt-VEE) possessed better CO2-philicity than PVAc. The dissolution behaviors of the synthesized poly(VAc-co-alkyl vinyl ether) copolymers in CO2 showed the best CO2-phile had the VEE content of about 34 mol %. The MD simulations also indicated that the interaction of random poly(VAc-co-VEE) containing about 30 mol % VEE with CO2 was the strongest and the χ12 was the smallest in these polymer/CO2 systems. Not only could the VEE monomer reduce the polymer-polymer interaction, but it could also enhance the polymer-CO2 interaction with an optimized composition. Introducing a suitable comonomer with a certain composition might be a promising strategy to form the synergistic effect of polymer-polymer interaction and polymer-CO2 interaction for screening the hydrocarbon CO2-philes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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15
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Boyère C, Jérôme C, Debuigne A. Input of supercritical carbon dioxide to polymer synthesis: An overview. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Properties of surfactant films in water-in-CO2 microemulsions obtained by small-angle neutron scattering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 435:112-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Riccardi E, Wang JC, Liapis AI. Modeling the construction of polymeric adsorbent media: effects of counter-ions on ligand immobilization and pore structure. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:084901. [PMID: 24588192 DOI: 10.1063/1.4865910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics modeling and simulations are employed to study the effects of counter-ions on the dynamic spatial density distribution and total loading of immobilized ligands as well as on the pore structure of the resultant ion exchange chromatography adsorbent media. The results show that the porous adsorbent media formed by polymeric chain molecules involve transport mechanisms and steric resistances which cause the charged ligands and counter-ions not to follow stoichiometric distributions so that (i) a gradient in the local nonelectroneutrality occurs, (ii) non-uniform spatial density distributions of immobilized ligands and counter-ions are formed, and (iii) clouds of counter-ions outside the porous structure could be formed. The magnitude of these counter-ion effects depends on several characteristics associated with the size, structure, and valence of the counter-ions. Small spherical counter-ions with large valence encounter the least resistance to enter a porous structure and their effects result in the formation of small gradients in the local nonelectroneutrality, higher ligand loadings, and more uniform spatial density distributions of immobilized ligands, while the formation of exterior counter-ion clouds by these types of counter-ions is minimized. Counter-ions with lower valence charges, significantly larger sizes, and elongated shapes, encounter substantially greater steric resistances in entering a porous structure and lead to the formation of larger gradients in the local nonelectroneutrality, lower ligand loadings, and less uniform spatial density distributions of immobilized ligands, as well as substantial in size exterior counter-ion clouds. The effects of lower counter-ion valence on pore structure, local nonelectroneutrality, spatial ligand density distribution, and exterior counter-ion cloud formation are further enhanced by the increased size and structure of the counter-ion. Thus, the design, construction, and functionality of polymeric porous adsorbent media will significantly depend, for a given desirable ligand to be immobilized and represent the adsorption active sites, on the type of counter-ion that is used during the ligand immobilization process. Therefore, the molecular dynamics modeling and simulation approach presented in this work could contribute positively by representing an engineering science methodology to the design and construction of polymeric porous adsorbent media which could provide high intraparticle mass transfer and adsorption rates for the adsorbate biomolecules of interest which are desired to be separated by an adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Riccardi
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands vei 4, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jee-Ching Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 11th Street, Rolla, Missouri 65409-1230, USA
| | - Athanasios I Liapis
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 11th Street, Rolla, Missouri 65409-1230, USA
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Peach J, Eastoe J. Supercritical carbon dioxide: a solvent like no other. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1878-95. [PMID: 25246947 PMCID: PMC4168859 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) could be one aspect of a significant and necessary movement towards green chemistry, being a potential replacement for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Unfortunately, carbon dioxide has a notoriously poor solubilising power and is famously difficult to handle. This review examines attempts and breakthroughs in enhancing the physicochemical properties of carbon dioxide, focusing primarily on factors that impact solubility of polar and ionic species and attempts to enhance scCO2 viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Peach
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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James C, Hatzopoulos MH, Yan C, Smith GN, Alexander S, Rogers SE, Eastoe J. Shape transitions in supercritical CO2 microemulsions induced by hydrotropes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:96-102. [PMID: 24364680 DOI: 10.1021/la404144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability to induce morphological transitions in water-in-oil (w/o) and water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions stabilized by a trichain anionic surfactant 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate (TC14) with simple hydrotrope additives has been investigated. High-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has revealed the addition of a small mole fraction of hydrotrope can yield a significant elongation in the microemulsion water droplets. For w/o systems, the degree of droplet growth was shown to be dependent on the water content, the hydrotrope mole fraction, and chemical structure, whereas for w/c microemulsions a similar, but less significant, effect was seen. The expected CO2 viscosity increase from such systems has been calculated and compared to related literature using fluorocarbon chain surfactants. This represents the first report of hydrotrope-induced morphology changes in w/c microemulsions and is a significant step forward toward the formation of hydrocarbon worm-like micellar assemblies in this industrially relevant solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig James
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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