1
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Gustavsson L, Peng B, Plamont R, Ikkala O. Propulsion of zwitterionic surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil droplets by low electric fields. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4467-4470. [PMID: 38563781 PMCID: PMC11025442 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05464k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We show directional and controllable propulsion of zwitterionic surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil droplets driven by low electric fields. Our results suggest that the propulsion mechanism is based on stimulus-responsive on-demand interfacial phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Gustavsson
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo FI-02150, Finland.
- Center of Excellence in Life Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Finland
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo FI-02150, Finland.
- Center of Excellence in Life Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Finland
| | - Rémi Plamont
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo FI-02150, Finland.
- Center of Excellence in Life Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Finland
- Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS - UPR22, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France.
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo FI-02150, Finland.
- Center of Excellence in Life Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Finland
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2
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Singh AK, Basireddy T, Moran JL. Eliminating waste with waste: transforming spent coffee grounds into microrobots for water treatment. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17494-17507. [PMID: 37867441 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Water pollutants such as oil spills, industrial dyes, and microplastics threaten public health and aquatic ecosystems. There are considerable challenges in removing water contaminants using traditional methods. Several studies have been conducted in recent years to develop effective water purification materials. Despite this, the mass production of most materials is extremely challenging because they involve multiple intricate steps and sophisticated equipment. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of spent coffee ground (SCG)-derived magnetic microrobots, which we dub "CoffeeBots", to remove oil, organic dyes, and microplastic pollution from contaminated seawater. In order to meet eco-friendly, high-yield and low-cost requirements, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were deposited on biodegradable SCGs using green chemistry. The IONPs on CoffeeBots facilitate magnetic navigation and recycling, microswarm assembly, and ease of retrieval after water remediation tasks. CoffeeBots' intrinsic surface hydrophobicity enables efficient on-the-fly capture and removal of oil droplets and microplastics from contaminated water with remote magnetic guidance. CoffeeBots were also functionalized with ascorbic acid (AA@CoffeeBots) to remove methylene blue (MB) dye contaminants from polluted seawater. SCGs and AA act as bioadsorbent and reducing agent, respectively, for MB dye removal whereas magnetic propulsion enhances mixing and accelerates MB decolorization. These CoffeeBots can be recycled numerous times for removing oil spills, organic dyes, and microplastics from the seawater. CoffeeBots hold considerable potential as sustainable, recyclable, and low-cost remediation agents for water treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
| | - Tarini Basireddy
- Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA 22312, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Moran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
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3
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Mitra S, Basak M. Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Transient Autoelectrophoresis and Effect of Surface Heterogeneity. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2034-2043. [PMID: 36853743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c09119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonuniform proton flux around a reactive Janus particle as a result of zone selective heterogeneous surface reaction leads to the formation of asymmetric electrical double layers (EDLs) which assists in generating a proximate electric field dipole around the Janus particle to initiate autoelectrophoretic migration. To estimate the force of the autoelectrophoretic motion of such Janus particles, a mathematical model is set up taking Poisson-Nernst-Plank (PNP) equations coupled with the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations with appropriate boundary conditions. To track the actual motion of these particles, we employ moving deforming mesh and fluid-structure interactions (fsi) of COMSOL Multiphysics while a finite element method is deployed for solving the set of modeled equations. At the outset, transient genesis of the electric field around the particle owing to the nonuniform proton flux has been explored. We further explore the detailed unsteady particle dynamics of the autoelectrophoretic motion with the help of fluid structure interaction physics. It has been observed that the concept of perfect ionic equilibrium in autoelectrophoretic motion is hard to achieve. The autoelectrophoretic particle undergoes continuous change in terms of the ionic concentration around it, speed of the particle, and the transient electric field gradient across the particle. The parametric variation of proton flux reveals that at a relatively lower proton flux a quasi-equilibrium state can be achieved, whereas for higher proton flux the phenomenon can be a pure nonequilibrium case. This parametric study has been done to support the transient dynamics. It has also been shown that the presence of chemical heterogeneity on the particle surface can alter the dynamics of the particle significantly, and the chemical heterogeneity can be used as a tool to control directionality and tuning speed of autoelectrophoretic motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirsendu Mitra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.,Pioneer of Success Online Educational Institute, Halisahar 743134, West Bengal, India
| | - Mitali Basak
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,Pioneer of Success Online Educational Institute, Halisahar 743134, West Bengal, India
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4
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AC electrohydrodynamic propulsion and rotation of active particles of engineered shape and asymmetry. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Yuan S, Lin X, He Q. Reconfigurable assembly of colloidal motors towards interactive soft materials and systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:43-56. [PMID: 34974257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the highly flexible reconfiguration of swarms, collective behaviors have provided various natural organisms with a powerful adaptivity to the complex environment. To mimic these natural systems and construct artificial intelligent soft materials, self-propelled colloidal motors that can convert diverse forms of energy into swimming-like movement in fluids afford an ideal model system at the micro-/nanoscales. Through the coupling of local gradient fields, colloidal motors driven by chemical reactions or externally physical fields can assembly into swarms with adaptivity. Here, we summarize the progress on reconfigurable assembly of colloidal motors which is driven and modulated by chemical reactions and external fields (e.g., light, ultrasonic, electric, and magnetic fields). The adaptive reconfiguration behaviors and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed in detail. The future directions and challenges are also addressed for developing colloidal motor-based interactive soft matter materials and systems with adaptation and interactive functions comparable to that of natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, YiKuangJie 2, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiankun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, YiKuangJie 2, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, YiKuangJie 2, Harbin 150080, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China; Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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6
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Li D, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Huang X, Dong R, Cai Y, Wang L. Single-Metal Hybrid Micromotor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:844328. [PMID: 35237586 PMCID: PMC8883031 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.844328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimode stimuli-regulated propulsions are extremely useful for artificial micro-/nanomotors in performing specialized tasks in different microscopic environments. However, it is still a great challenge to develop a simple and efficient micro/nanosystem which can operate in complicated environments, either with fuel or without fuel. Here, we report a novel hybrid micromotor which only needs one metal with a special structure: micro-spherical shell with a hole. Since we attractively combine the inherently catalytic properties of Pt for chemical propulsion with a designed concave structure for acoustic propulsion, the micromotors can not only move rapidly in H2O2 fueled environment due to the chemical reaction between Pt and H2O2 but also can exhibit excellent acoustic propulsion in a fuel-free environment due to the non-uniform stress caused by ultrasound. In addition, the attractive group motion behavior of the motors, including aggregation, group migration, and dispersion, is easily realized by acoustic field regulation. The brand-new single-metal hybrid micromotors with a dual driving mode, flexible propulsion regulation, and efficient group motion regulation, which are essential for making micro-/nanomotors compatible with different surrounding environments, are expected to advance the field of artificial nanomachines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajian Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renfeng Dong
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Renfeng Dong, ; Yuepeng Cai, ; Lin Wang,
| | - Yuepeng Cai
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Renfeng Dong, ; Yuepeng Cai, ; Lin Wang,
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Renfeng Dong, ; Yuepeng Cai, ; Lin Wang,
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7
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Patterson N, Ignaszak A. Thin carbon–polypyrrole composite materials for supercapacitor electrodes by novel bipolar electrochemical setup. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Patterson
- Department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick (UNB) Fredericton New Brunswick Canada
| | - Anna Ignaszak
- Department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick (UNB) Fredericton New Brunswick Canada
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8
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Salinas G, Tieriekhov K, Garrigue P, Sojic N, Bouffier L, Kuhn A. Lorentz Force-Driven Autonomous Janus Swimmers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12708-12714. [PMID: 34343427 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous swimmers have been intensively studied in recent years due to their numerous potential applications in many areas ranging from biomedicine to environmental remediation. Their motion is based either on different self-propulsion mechanisms or on the use of various external stimuli. Herein, the synergy between the ion flux around self-electrophoretic Mg/Pt Janus swimmers and an external magnetic field is proposed as an efficient alternative mechanism to power swimmers on the basis of the resulting Lorentz force. A strong magnetohydrodynamic effect is observed due to the orthogonal combination of magnetic field and spontaneous ionic currents, leading to an increase of the swimmer speed by up to 2 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the trajectory of the self-propelled swimmers can be controlled by the orientation of the magnetic field, due to the presence of an additional torque force caused by a horizontal cation flux along the swimmer edges, resulting in predictable clockwise or anticlockwise motion. In addition, this effect is independent of the swimmer size, since a similar type of rotational motion is observed for macro- and microscale objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salinas
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | | | - Patrick Garrigue
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33607 Pessac, France
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9
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Villani E, Inagi S. Mapping the Distribution of Potential Gradient in Bipolar Electrochemical Systems through Luminol Electrochemiluminescence Imaging. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8152-8160. [PMID: 34081445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar electrochemistry has been regarded as a powerful and sustainable electrochemical process for the synthesis of novel functional materials. The appealing features of this electrochemical technology, such as the wireless nature of the bipolar electrode (BPE) and the possibility to drive simultaneously electrochemical reactions on multiple BPEs placed in the same electrochemical cell, together with the possibility to change the shape and positioning of the driving electrodes, give significant freedom to design reaction systems. Nevertheless, the cell geometry dramatically affects the distribution and intensity of the potential gradient generated on the BPE surface and its monitoring is hampered due to the wireless nature of the BPE. In the present study, we propose the use of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) as an electrochemical imaging technique to map the distribution of potential gradient in bipolar electrochemical cells with different geometries. The proposed approach exploits the strong ECL emission of luminol/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system generated at the anodic pole of the BPE, when the total applied voltage (Etot) is strong enough to trigger the electrochemical reaction. Since luminol ECL emission is rather intense and relatively stable, the evolution of the potential distribution as a function of Etot can be monitored using a digital camera, allowing the elucidation of the potential distribution profile in every bipolar configuration. The suggested approach represents a valuable and reliable method to map the potential gradient in bipolar electrochemical systems and can be readily employed in every type of bipolar configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Villani
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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10
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Douman SF, Collins D, Cumba LR, Beirne S, Wallace GG, Yue Z, Iwuoha EI, Melinato F, Pellegrin Y, Forster RJ. Wireless electrochemiluminescence at functionalised gold microparticles using 3D titanium electrode arrays. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4642-4645. [PMID: 33876176 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01010g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Wireless electrochemiluminescence is generated using interdigitated, 3D printed, titanium arrays as feeder electrodes to shape the electric field. Gold microparticles (45 μm diameter), functionalised with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid, act as micro-emitters to generate electrochemiluminescence from [Ru(bpy)3]2+, (bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) where the co-reactant is tripropylamine. The oxide coated titanium allows intense electric fields, whose distribution depends on the geometry of the array, to be created in the absence of deliberately added electrolyte. COMSOL modelling and long exposure ECL imaging have been used to map the electric field distribution. Significantly, we demonstrate that by controlling the surface charge of the gold microparticles through the solution pH, the light intensity can be increased by a factor of more than 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha F Douman
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland. and SensorLab (UWC Sensor Laboratories), Chemical Sciences Building, University of Western Cape Town, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape, South Africa
| | - David Collins
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Loanda R Cumba
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Stephen Beirne
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zhilian Yue
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Emmanuel I Iwuoha
- SensorLab (UWC Sensor Laboratories), Chemical Sciences Building, University of Western Cape Town, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape, South Africa
| | - Federica Melinato
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230 UFR sciences and techniques, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Pellegrin
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR CNRS 6230 UFR sciences and techniques, Nantes, France
| | - Robert J Forster
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland. and SensorLab (UWC Sensor Laboratories), Chemical Sciences Building, University of Western Cape Town, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, Cape, South Africa
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11
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Liu W, Chen X, Ding X, Long Q, Lu X, Wang Q, Gu Z. Visible-light-driven cuprous oxide nanomotors with surface-heterojunction-induced propulsion. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:238-244. [PMID: 33503077 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00663g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The controllable synthesis and customized design of micro/nanomotors represents a highly desired paradigm in the field of intelligent nanovehicles. Exploiting asymmetrical structures and geometry-dependent propulsion are the two main strategies for achieving light-driven micro/nanomotors. However, inherent crystal-structure differences in a single colloidal motor have rarely been explored. Here, we propose the first surface-heterojunction-induced propulsion methodology for cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanomotors, by tailoring the crystal morphology of a Cu2O crystalloid from a sphere into a truncated octahedron and preserving the controllable-index crystal facets of {100} and {111} in a single colloid. Due to the high crystallinity and distinct activity of the exposed crystal facets, a surface heterojunction between the {100} and {111} facets is formed to enhance electron-hole separation, as confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, thus endowing the truncated octahedral Cu2O nanomotors with autonomous and vigorous movement in biocompatible fuels under visible light. These Cu2O nanomotors can reach a propulsion speed in water of over two times faster than that of polycrystalline spherical motors with low crystallinity. The efficient Cu2O nanomotors offer a promising guideline not only for the synthesis of novel light-driven motors with desired structures, but also for potential applications in biocompatible environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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12
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Gao Y, Wu M, Lin Y, Xu J. Trapping and control of bubbles in various microfluidic applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4512-4527. [PMID: 33232419 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As a simple, clean and effective tool, micro bubbles have enabled advances in various lab on a chip (LOC) applications recently. In bubble-based microfluidic applications, techniques for capturing and controlling the bubbles play an important role. Here we review active and passive techniques for bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications. The active techniques are categorized based on various types of external forces from optical, electric, acoustic, mechanical and thermal fields. The passive approaches depend on surface tension, focusing on optimization of microgeometry and modification of surface properties. We discuss control techniques of size, location and stability of microbubbles and show how these bubbles are employed in various applications. To finalize, by highlighting the advantages of these approaches along with the current challenges, we discuss the future prospects of bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Mengren Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
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13
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Salinas G, Pavel I, Sojic N, Kuhn A. Electrochemistry‐Based Light‐Emitting Mobile Systems. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | | | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 33607 Pessac France
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14
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Salinas G, Dauphin AL, Voci S, Bouffier L, Sojic N, Kuhn A. Asymmetry controlled dynamic behavior of autonomous chemiluminescent Janus microswimmers. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7438-7443. [PMID: 34123025 PMCID: PMC8159428 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetrically modified Janus microparticles are presented as autonomous light emitting swimmers. The localized dissolution of hybrid magnesium/polymer objects allows combining chemiluminescence with the spontaneous production of H2 bubbles, and thus generating directed motion. These light-emitting microswimmers are synthesized by using a straightforward methodology based on bipolar electromilling, followed by indirect bipolar electrodeposition of an electrophoretic paint. An optimization of the experimental parameters enables in the first step the formation of well-defined isotropic or anisotropic Mg microparticles. Subsequently, they are asymmetrically modified by wireless deposition of an anodic paint. The degree of asymmetry of the resulting Janus particles can be fine-tuned, leading to a controlled directional motion due to anisotropic gas formation. This autonomous motion is coupled with the emission of bright orange light when Ru(bpy)32+ and S2O82− are present in the solution as chemiluminescent reagents. The light emission is based on an original process of interfacial redox-induced chemiluminescence, thus allowing an easy visualization of the swimmer trajectories. Asymmetrically modified Janus microparticles are presented as autonomous light emitting swimmers with shape-controlled trajectories.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alice L Dauphin
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Silvia Voci
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
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15
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Salinas G, Dauphin AL, Colin C, Villani E, Arbault S, Bouffier L, Kuhn A. Chemo‐ and Magnetotaxis of Self‐Propelled Light‐Emitting Chemo‐electronic Swimmers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alice L. Dauphin
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Camille Colin
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Elena Villani
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
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16
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Salinas G, Dauphin AL, Colin C, Villani E, Arbault S, Bouffier L, Kuhn A. Chemo‐ and Magnetotaxis of Self‐Propelled Light‐Emitting Chemo‐electronic Swimmers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7508-7513. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alice L. Dauphin
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Camille Colin
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Elena Villani
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. BordeauxCNRS UMR 5255Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP 33607 Pessac France
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17
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Remote Actuation of a Light‐Emitting Device Based on Magnetic Stirring and Wireless Electrochemistry. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:600-604. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Wang J, Dong R, Yang Q, Wu H, Bi Z, Liang Q, Wang Q, Wang C, Mei Y, Cai Y. One body, two hands: photocatalytic function- and Fenton effect-integrated light-driven micromotors for pollutant degradation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16592-16598. [PMID: 31460538 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04295d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The threat of water pollution represents a serious global concern and requires rapid and efficient neutralization methods. Herein, we report novel two-in-one light-driven micromotors, i.e., light-driven TiO2-Fe Janus micromotors with both photocatalysis and photo-Fenton processes, for efficiently degrading organic pollutants in contaminated water. The TiO2-Fe micromotors moved rapidly by utilizing the photocatalytic H2O2 decomposition over TiO2 under UV irradiation, as well as generating highly reactive oxygen species responsible for the in situ degradation of the organic pollutants into non-harmful products. Notably, such coupling of photocatalysis generated on the TiO2 sides and the photo-Fenton process generated on the Fe sides, along with the rapid movement of these catalytic Janus micromotors, results in a synergetic effect that can greatly enhance the degradation of organic pollutants. The degradation efficiency of the TiO2-Fe micromotors is 52-fold that of only Fenton effects, and it is further improved by 40% compared to photocatalytic degradation alone. Considering the excellent advantages of the high efficiency, simple structure, reusability and the bubble-driven property, the new "on-the-fly" TiO2-Fe micromotor-based method has a promising potential for future water cleaning and waste-water treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Renfeng Dong
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qianxian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Huiying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zijun Bi
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qiying Liang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qinglong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yuepeng Cai
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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19
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Dauphin AL, Akchach A, Voci S, Kuhn A, Xu G, Bouffier L, Sojic N. Tracking Magnetic Rotating Objects by Bipolar Electrochemiluminescence. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5318-5324. [PMID: 31436997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There has been a very rapid development of original systems that can be remotely controlled or addressed by playing with chemical and physical concepts. Here, we present the synergetic combination of external magnetic and electric fields to promote, in a double contactless mode, the rotational motion and the concomitant generation of light emission at the level of a gold-coated iron wire. The latter can be moved by rotating magnetic fields. Simultaneously, an electric field induces its remote polarization, which triggers the local generation of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) by bipolar electrochemistry. During rotation, the motion is tracked by changes in ECL intensity as a function of the orientation of the conducting wire in the electric field. The ECL behavior of the rotating bipolar wire is rationalized by considering the angular dependence of the polarization. Unlike previously reported systems, the rotation induces enhanced ECL emission due to the convective flow produced by the motion. This demonstrates that ECL emission can be coupled to magnetically controlled rotating bipolar objects. Such dual magnetically and electrically addressable dynamic systems open exciting prospects for integrating new functions such as imaging and sensing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice L Dauphin
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Abdelmounaim Akchach
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Silvia Voci
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130022 , P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , China
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607 Pessac , France
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20
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Wang C, Dong R, Wang Q, Zhang C, She X, Wang J, Cai Y. One Modification, Two Functions: Single Ni‐modified Light‐Driven ZnO Microrockets with Both Efficient Propulsion and Steerable Motion. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2485-2490. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Renfeng Dong
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Qinglong Wang
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of theMinistry of Environmental Protection of China Jiangsu Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Xueling She
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yuepeng Cai
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
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21
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Chen X, Zhou C, Wang W. Colloidal Motors 101: A Beginner's Guide to Colloidal Motor Research. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2388-2405. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) G 908, HIT Campus, Xili University Town Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Chao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) G 908, HIT Campus, Xili University Town Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) G 908, HIT Campus, Xili University Town Shenzhen Guangdong China
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22
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Zhang L, Gupta B, Goudeau B, Mano N, Kuhn A. Wireless Electromechanical Readout of Chemical Information. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15501-15506. [PMID: 30347149 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collecting electrochemical information concerning the presence of molecules in a solution is usually achieved by measuring current, potential, resistance, or impedance via connection to a power supply. Here, we suggest wireless electromechanical actuation as a straightforward readout of chemical information. This can be achieved based on the concept of bipolar electrochemistry, which allows measuring the presence of different model species in a quantitative way. We validate the concept by using a free-standing polypyrrole film. Its positively polarized extremity participates in an oxidation of the analyte and delivers electrons to the opposite extremity for the reduction of the polymer. This reduction is accompanied by the insertion of counterions and thus leads to partial swelling of the film, inducing its bending. The resulting actuation is found to be a linear function of the analyte concentration, and also a Michaelis-Menten type correlation is obtained for biochemical analytes. This electromechanical transduction allows an easy optical readout and opens up very interesting perspectives not only in the field of sensing but also far beyond, such as for the elaboration of self-regulating biomimetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Université Bordeaux , CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland , 33607 Pessac , France.,Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal , CNRS UMR 5031, Avenue Albert Schweitzer , 33600 Pessac , France
| | - Bhavana Gupta
- Université Bordeaux , CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland , 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- Université Bordeaux , CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland , 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Nicolas Mano
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal , CNRS UMR 5031, Avenue Albert Schweitzer , 33600 Pessac , France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Université Bordeaux , CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 Avenue Pey Berland , 33607 Pessac , France
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23
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Modification of glassy carbon with polypyrrole through an aminophenyl linker to create supercapacitive materials using bipolar electrochemistry. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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24
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Eßmann V, Santana Santos C, Tarnev T, Bertotti M, Schuhmann W. Scanning Bipolar Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6267-6274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Eßmann
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Carla Santana Santos
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 05513-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tsvetan Tarnev
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mauro Bertotti
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 05513-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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25
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Macro-/Micro-Controlled 3D Lithium-Ion Batteries via Additive Manufacturing and Electric Field Processing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1846. [PMID: 29382925 PMCID: PMC5789829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20329-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a new concept for making battery electrodes that can simultaneously control macro-/micro-structures and help address current energy storage technology gaps and future energy storage requirements. Modern batteries are fabricated in the form of laminated structures that are composed of randomly mixed constituent materials. This randomness in conventional methods can provide a possibility of developing new breakthrough processing techniques to build well-organized structures that can improve battery performance. In the proposed processing, an electric field (EF) controls the microstructures of manganese-based electrodes, while additive manufacturing controls macro-3D structures and the integration of both scales. The synergistic control of micro-/macro-structures is a novel concept in energy material processing that has considerable potential for providing unprecedented control of electrode structures, thereby enhancing performance. Electrochemical tests have shown that these new electrodes exhibit superior performance in their specific capacity, areal capacity, and life cycle.
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26
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Eßmann V, Voci S, Loget G, Sojic N, Schuhmann W, Kuhn A. Wireless Light-Emitting Electrochemical Rotors. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4930-4934. [PMID: 28945095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar electrochemistry has been shown to enable and control various kinds of propulsion of nonwired conducting objects: translation, rotation, and levitation. There is a very rapid development in the field of controlled motion combined with other functionalities. Here we integrate two different concepts in one system to generate wireless electrochemical motion of a specifically designed rotor and track its polarization simultaneously by electrochemical light emission. Locally produced hydrogen bubbles at the cathodic pole of the bipolar rotor are the driving force of the motion, whereas [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 and tripropylamine react at the anodic extremity, thus generating an electrochemiluminescence signal with an intensity directly correlated with the orientation of the rotor arms. This allows in a straightforward way the qualitative visualization of the changing interfacial potential differences during rotation and shows for the first time that light emission can be coupled to autonomously rotating bipolar electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Eßmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Silvia Voci
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP , 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Gabriel Loget
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS, Matière Condensée et Systèmes Electroactifs (MaCSE), Université de Rennes 1 , Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP , 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP , 33607 Pessac, France
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27
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Gupta B, Goudeau B, Kuhn A. Wireless Electrochemical Actuation of Conducting Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Gupta
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
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28
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Gupta B, Goudeau B, Kuhn A. Wireless Electrochemical Actuation of Conducting Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14183-14186. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Gupta
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR CNRS 5255; Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP; 33607 Pessac France
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29
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Gao J, Chen S, AlTal F, Hu S, Bouffier L, Wantz G. Bipolar Electrode Array Embedded in a Polymer Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32405-32410. [PMID: 28849645 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A linear array of aluminum discs is deposited between the driving electrodes of an extremely large planar polymer light-emitting electrochemical cell (PLEC). The planar PLEC is then operated at a constant bias voltage of 100 V. This promotes in situ electrochemical doping of the luminescent polymer from both the driving electrodes and the aluminum discs. These aluminum discs function as discrete bipolar electrodes (BPEs) that can drive redox reactions at their extremities. Time-lapse fluorescence imaging reveals that p- and n-doping that originated from neighboring BPEs can interact to form multiple light-emitting p-n junctions in series. This provides direct evidence of the working principle of bulk homojunction PLECs. The propagation of p-doping is faster from the BPEs than from the positive driving electrode due to electric field enhancement at the extremities of BPEs. The effect of field enhancement and the fact that the doping fronts only need to travel the distance between the neighboring BPEs to form a light-emitting junction greatly reduce the response time for electroluminescence in the region containing the BPE array. The near simultaneous formation of multiple light-emitting p-n junctions in series causes a measurable increase in cell current. This indicates that the region containing a BPE is much more conductive than the rest of the planar cell despite the latter's greater width. The p- and n-doping originating from the BPEs is initially highly confined. Significant expansion and divergence of doping occurred when the region containing the BPE array became more conductive. The shape and direction of expanded doping strongly suggest that the multiple light-emitting p-n junctions, formed between and connected by the array of metal BPEs, have functioned as a single rod-shaped BPE. This represents a new type of BPE that is formed in situ and as a combination of metal, doped polymers, and forward-biased p-n junctions connected in series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shulun Chen
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Faleh AlTal
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shiyu Hu
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Université de Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS, UMR 5255 , Bordeaux INP, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Guillaume Wantz
- Université de Bordeaux, IMS, CNRS, UMR 5218 , Bordeaux INP, F-33405 Talence, France
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30
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Eßmann V, Zhao F, Hartmann V, Nowaczyk MM, Schuhmann W, Conzuelo F. In Operando Investigation of Electrical Coupling of Photosystem 1 and Photosystem 2 by Means of Bipolar Electrochemistry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7160-7165. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Eßmann
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Fangyuan Zhao
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Volker Hartmann
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marc M. Nowaczyk
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Felipe Conzuelo
- Analytical
Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) and ‡Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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31
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Bhuyan T, Singh AK, Dutta D, Unal A, Ghosh SS, Bandyopadhyay D. Magnetic Field Guided Chemotaxis of iMushbots for Targeted Anticancer Therapeutics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1627-1640. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Bhuyan
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Deepanjalee Dutta
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Aynur Unal
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Centre
for Nanotechnology, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, §Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, and ∥Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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32
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Bouffier L, Reculusa S, Ravaine V, Kuhn A. Modulation of Wetting Gradients by Tuning the Interplay between Surface Structuration and Anisotropic Molecular Layers with Bipolar Electrochemistry. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2637-2642. [PMID: 28544447 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new simple and versatile method for the preparation of surface-wetting gradients is proposed. It is based on the combination of electrode surface structuration introduced by a sacrificial template approach and the formation of a tunable molecular gradient by bipolar electrochemistry. The gradient involves the formation of a self-assembled monolayer on a gold surface by selecting an appropriate thiol molecule and subsequent reductive desorption by means of bipolar electrochemistry. Under these conditions, completion of the reductive desorption process evolves along the bipolar surface with a maximum strength localized at the cathodic edge and a decreasing driving force towards the middle of the surface. The remaining quantity of surface-immobilized thiol, therefore, varies as a function of the axial position, resulting in the formation of a molecular gradient. The surface of the bipolar electrode is characterized at each step of the modification by recording heterogeneous electron transfer. Also, the evolution of static contact angles measured with a water droplet deposited on the surface directly reveals the presence of the wetting gradient, which can be modulated by changing the properties of the thiol. This is exemplified with a long, hydrophobic alkane-thiol and a short, hydrophilic mercaptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Stéphane Reculusa
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Valérie Ravaine
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France.,Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400, Talence, France
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33
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Zhang X, Zhai Q, Xing H, Li J, Wang E. Bipolar Electrodes with 100% Current Efficiency for Sensors. ACS Sens 2017; 2:320-326. [PMID: 28723210 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A bipolar electrode (BPE) is an electron conductor that is embedded in the electrolyte solution without the direct connection with the external power source (driving electrode). When the sufficient voltage was provided, the two poles of BPE promote different oxidation and reduction reactions. During the past few years, BPEs with wireless feature and easy integration showed great promise in the various fields including asymmetric modification/synthesis, motion control, targets enrichment/separation, and chemical sensing/biosensing combined with the quantitative relationship between two poles of BPE. In this perspective paper, we first describe the concept and history of the BPE for analytical chemistry and then review the recent developments in the application of BPEs for sensing with ultrahigh current efficiency (ηc = iBPE/ichannel) including the open and closed bipolar system. Finally, we offer the guide for possible challenge faced and solution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Zhai
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Xing
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
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34
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Srivastava SK, Medina-Sánchez M, Schmidt OG. Autonomously propelled microscavengers for precious metal recovery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8140-8143. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02605f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report biogenic micromotor design consisting of porous chalky elongated tubes (∼60 μm length) coated with Fe–Pt for dual functionality i.e. metallic gold formation and rapid isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oliver G. Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences
- IFW Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
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