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Dong Y, Li T, Hou Y, Wilson K, Wang X, Su C, Li Y, Ren G, Xu P. Densovirus infection facilitates plant-virus transmission by an aphid. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1539-1553. [PMID: 39021237 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The interactions among plant viruses, insect vectors, and host plants have been well studied; however, the roles of insect viruses in this system have largely been neglected. We investigated the effects of MpnDV infection on aphid and PVY transmission using bioassays, RNA interference (RNAi), and GC-MS methods and green peach aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)), potato virus Y (PVY), and densovirus (Myzus persicae nicotianae densovirus, MpnDV) as model systems. MpnDV increased the activities of its host, promoting population dispersal and leading to significant proliferation in tobacco plants by significantly enhancing the titer of the sesquiterpene (E)-β-farnesene (EβF) via up-regulation of expression levels of the MpFPPS1 gene. The proliferation and dispersal of MpnDV-positive individuals were faster than that of MpnDV-negative individuals in PVY-infected tobacco plants, which promoted the transmission of PVY. These results combined showed that an insect virus may facilitate the transmission of a plant virus by enhancing the locomotor activity and population proliferation of insect vectors. These findings provide novel opportunities for controlling insect vectors and plant viruses, which can be used in the development of novel management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Kenneth Wilson
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chenyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences and College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guangwei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
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Sugimoto K, Kobayashi D, Ohshima S, Imai M, Ohta N. A novel rhabdovirus detected in Anisakis larvae distributed in the coastal areas of Japan: Viral genome analysis and possible coevolutionary relationship between virus and host nematodes. Parasitol Int 2024; 99:102834. [PMID: 38056761 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, it has become evident that various RNA viruses infect helminths including Order Ascaridida. However, there is still no information available for viruses infecting Anisakis. We herewith demonstrate the presence of a novel rhabdovirus from Anisakis larvae detected by next-generation sequencing analysis and following RT-PCR. We determined the nearly all nucleotide sequence (12,376 nucleotides) of the viral genome composed of seven open reading frames, and we designated the virus as Suzukana rhabdo-like virus (SkRV). BLASTx search indicated that SkRV is a novel virus belonging to the subfamily Betanemrhavirus, rhabdovirus infecting parasitic nematodes of the Order Ascaridida. SkRV sequence was detectable only in the total RNA but not in the genomic DNA of Anisakis, ruling out the possibility of SkRV being an endogenous viral element incorporated into the host genomic DNA. When we individually tested Anisakis larvae obtained from Scomber japonicus migrating in the coastal waters of Japan, not all but around 40% were SkRV-positive. In the phylogenetic trees of Betanemrhavirus and of the host Ascaridida nematodes, we observed that evolutional distances of viruses were, to some extent, parallel with that of host nematodes, suggesting that viral evolution could have been correlated with evolution of the host. Although biological significance of SkRV on Anisakis larvae is still remained unknown, it is interesting if SkRV were somehow related to the pathogenesis of anisakiasis, because it is important matter of public health in Japan and European countries consuming raw marine fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 1001-1 Kishioka, Suzuka, Mie 510-0293, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; Management Department of Biosafety, Laboratory Animal, and Pathogen Bank, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohshima
- Faculty of Laboratory Technology, Yokkaichi University of Nursing and Medical Care, 1200 Kayou, Yokkaichi, Mie 512-8045, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Oyake-cho, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan
| | - Nobuo Ohta
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 1001-1 Kishioka, Suzuka, Mie 510-0293, Japan.
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Du W, Lu Y, Li Q, Luo S, Shen S, Li N, Chen X. TIR1/AFB proteins: Active players in abiotic and biotic stress signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1083409. [PMID: 36523629 PMCID: PMC9745157 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1083409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The TIR1/AFB family of proteins is a group of functionally diverse auxin receptors that are only found in plants. TIR1/AFB family members are characterized by a conserved N-terminal F-box domain followed by 18 leucine-rich repeats. In the past few decades, extensive research has been conducted on the role of these proteins in regulating plant development, metabolism, and responses to abiotic and biotic stress. In this review, we focus on TIR1/AFB proteins that play crucial roles in plant responses to diverse abiotic and biotic stress. We highlight studies that have shed light on the mechanisms by which TIR1/AFB proteins are regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional as well as the downstream in abiotic or biotic stress pathways regulated by the TIR1/AFB family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Du
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Hebei University Characteristic sericulture Application Technology Research and Development Center, Institute of Sericulture, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuangxia Luo
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuxing Shen
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Xu P, Yang L, Yang X, Li T, Graham RI, Wu K, Wilson K. Novel partiti-like viruses are conditional mutualistic symbionts in their normal lepidopteran host, African armyworm, but parasitic in a novel host, Fall armyworm. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008467. [PMID: 32569314 PMCID: PMC7332103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) (e.g. metagenomic and transcriptomic sequencing) have facilitated the discovery of a large number of new insect viruses, but the characterization of these viruses is still in its infancy. Here, we report the discovery, using RNA-seq, of three new partiti-like viruses from African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which are all vertically-transmitted transovarially from mother to offspring with high efficiency. Experimental studies show that the viruses reduce their host's growth rate and reproduction, but enhance their resistance to a nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV). Via microinjection, these partiti-like viruses were transinfected into a novel host, a newly-invasive crop pest in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the Fall armyworm, S. frugiperda. This revealed that in this new host, these viruses appear to be deleterious without any detectable benefit; reducing their new host's reproductive rate and increasing their susceptibility to NPV. Thus, the partiti-like viruses appear to be conditional mutualistic symbionts in their normal host, S. exempta, but parasitic in the novel host, S. frugiperda. Transcriptome analysis of S. exempta and S. frugiperda infected, or not, with the partiti-like viruses indicates that the viruses may regulate pathways related to immunity and reproduction. These findings suggest a possible pest management strategy via the artificial host-shift of novel viruses discovered by NGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjun Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Liyu Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianming Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Robert I. Graham
- Department of Animal and Agriculture, Hartpury University, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kenneth Wilson
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Eilenberg J, Hajek AE. Editorial overview: Insect resistance and susceptibility to pathogens: A multi-faceted topic. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 33:iii-v. [PMID: 31358204 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen Eilenberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ann E Hajek
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA
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