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Li X, Jia C, Wang C, Ma L, Liu L. A novel theoretical method to determine the effective optical properties of high refractive index nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25689-25700. [PMID: 37721446 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02360e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The continuous development of advanced optical devices towards high performance, miniaturization and integration has led to an increasing demand for high refractive index optical materials. Nanocomposites - made from high refractive index inorganic nanoparticles and good processability polymers - combine the advantages of both materials to create a synergistic effect. However, the diversity and complexity of the composites make laboratory preparation less efficient. Therefore, to prepare composites that meet the refractive index requirements, it is essential to predict the effective optical properties at different wavelengths. This study proposes a finite element parametric retrieval (FEPR) method to calculate the effective complex refractive index of nanocomposites (meff). The effects of the ratio of film thickness to particle diameter, particle arrangement, particle volume fraction (fv) and particle diameter (d) on meff are considered. The results demonstrate that changing the spatial arrangement, volume fraction and diameter of the particles can cause changes in the scattering effect of particles or the interaction between the electromagnetic waves and the particles, resulting in changes in the meff. Compared with effective medium theory (EMT), the FEPR method can be used to characterise the meff values in complex cases through finite element parametric modelling. The FEPR method is an efficient and accurate method for predicting the effective optical properties of nanocomposites, and can also be applied to the design and development of materials to discover the factors influencing the properties and variation patterns from large amounts of data, and to obtain predictive models that can guide the design of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Chengwei Jia
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Chengchao Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Linhua Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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2
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Zhang J, Bai T, Liu W, Li M, Zang Q, Ye C, Sun JZ, Shi Y, Ling J, Qin A, Tang BZ. All-organic polymeric materials with high refractive index and excellent transparency. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3524. [PMID: 37316490 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
High refractive index polymers (HRIPs) have drawn attention for their optoelectronic applications and HRIPs with excellent transparency and facile preparation are highly demanded. Herein, sulfur-containing all organic HRIPs with refractive indices up to 1.8433 at 589 nm and excellent optical transparency even in one hundred micrometre scale in the visual and RI region as well as high weight-average molecular weights (up to 44500) are prepared by our developed organobase catalyzed polymerization of bromoalkynes and dithiophenols in yields up to 92%. Notably, the fabricated optical transmission waveguides using the resultant HRIP with the highest refractive index display a reduced propagation loss compared with that generated by the commercial material of SU-8. In addition, the tetraphenylethylene containing polymer not only exhibits a reduced propagation loss, but also is used to examine the uniformity and continuity of optical waveguides with naked eyes because of its aggregation-induced emission feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tianwen Bai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Weixi Liu
- College of Optical Science and Engineering and International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mingzhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qiguang Zang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Canbin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yaocheng Shi
- College of Optical Science and Engineering and International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecules Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China.
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3
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Rapid ultraviolet curing of epoxy acrylate films with low refractive index and strong interfacial adhesion. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Ritchie AW, Cox HJ, Gonabadi HI, Bull SJ, Badyal JPS. Tunable High Refractive Index Polymer Hybrid and Polymer-Inorganic Nanocomposite Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33477-33484. [PMID: 34254516 PMCID: PMC8397253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atomized spray plasma deposition (ASPD) provides a single-step, low-temperature, and dry approach for the preparation of high refractive index hybrid polymer or polymer-inorganic nanocomposite coatings. Refractive indices as high as 1.936 at 635 nm wavelength have been obtained for ASPD 4-bromostyrene/toluene-TiO2 nanocomposite layers containing low titania loadings. Thin films with any desired refractive index up to 1.936 can be easily deposited onto a variety of substrates by varying the precursor mixture composition. ASPD overcomes disadvantages commonly associated with alternative fabrication methods for depositing high refractive index coatings (elevated temperatures, wet processes, UV curing steps, and much greater inorganic loadings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus W. Ritchie
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K.
| | - Harrison J. Cox
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K.
| | - Hassan I. Gonabadi
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1
7RU, England, U.K.
| | - Steve J. Bull
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1
7RU, England, U.K.
| | - Jas Pal S. Badyal
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K.
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5
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In Situ Ultraviolet Polymerization Using Upconversion Nanoparticles: Nanocomposite Structures Patterned by Near Infrared Light. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10102054. [PMID: 33080773 PMCID: PMC7603073 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report an approach to polymerization of a nanocomposite containing UV-polymerizable organic material and inorganic, NaYbF4:Tm3+ core-based nanoparticles (NPs), which are optimized for upconversion of near infrared (NIR) to ultraviolet (UV) and blue light. Our approach is compatible with numerous existing UV-polymerizable compositions and the NaYF4: Yb, Tm3+ core-based NPs are much more stable against harsh conditions than NIR organic photo-initiators proposed earlier. The use of a core-shell design for the NPs can provide a suitable method for binding with organic constituents of the nanocomposite, while maintaining efficient NIR-to-UV/blue conversion in the NaYbF4 core. The prepared photopolymerized transparent polymer nanocomposites display upconversion photoluminescence in UV, visible and NIR ranges. We also demonstrate a successful fabrication of polymerized nanocomposite structure with millimeter/submillimeter size uniformly patterned by 980 nm irradiation of inexpensive laser diode through a photomask.
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Aziz SB, Brza MA, Nofal MM, Abdulwahid RT, Hussen SA, Hussein AM, Karim WO. A Comprehensive Review on Optical Properties of Polymer Electrolytes and Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3675. [PMID: 32825367 PMCID: PMC7503865 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes and composites have prevailed in the high performance and mobile marketplace during recent years. Polymer-based solid electrolytes possess the benefits of low flammability, excellent flexibility, good thermal stability, as well as higher safety. Several researchers have paid attention to the optical properties of polymer electrolytes and their composites. In the present review paper, first, the characteristics, fundamentals, advantages and principles of various types of polymer electrolytes were discussed. Afterward, the characteristics and performance of various polymer hosts on the basis of specific essential and newly published works were described. New developments in various approaches to investigate the optical properties of polymer electrolytes were emphasized. The last part of the review devoted to the optical band gap study using two methods: Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss parameter. Based on recently published literature sufficient quantum mechanical backgrounds were provided to support the applicability of the optical dielectric loss parameter for the band gap study. In this review paper, it was demonstrated that both Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss should be studied to specify the type of electron transition and estimate the optical band gap accurately. Other parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index and optical dielectric constant were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - M. A. Brza
- Manufacturing and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Old Campus, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sarkawt A. Hussen
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Ahang M. Hussein
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Wrya O. Karim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq;
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Li PS, Balamurugan R, Liu BT, Lee RH, Chou HT. MAPbI 3 Incorporated with Carboxyl Group Chelated Titania for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells in Low-Temperature Process. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060908. [PMID: 31234576 PMCID: PMC6631502 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature, solution-processed, highly efficient hybrid organic/inorganic perovskite planar heterojunction solar cells were fabricated by incorporating reactive crystalline titania (h-TAc) into MAPbI3 layers. The h-TAc was prepared by the sol-gel reaction at low temperature followed by solvothermal treatment. The photoelectrical properties of the solar cells with h-TAc were analyzed. The incorporation with 0.85-wt% h-TAc showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE, 15.9%), increasing 69% compared to the pristine cell. The enhancement arose from large-grained microstructures, leading to a low rate of charge recombination. The carboxyl groups chelated on the surface of h-TAc revealed a strong attraction to lead ions, which are significantly helpful to MAPbI3 crystal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shan Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
| | - Rathinam Balamurugan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
| | - Bo-Tau Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
| | - Rong-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Tao Chou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
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8
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Chen J, Fu Z, Huang H, Chen Z, Zeng X. A facile route to prepare homogeneous silicone resin doped with titanium. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong People's Republic of China
- Research & Development Center of Engineering Technology, Guangzhou Baiyun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd Guangzhou 510540 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Zien Fu
- Research & Development Center of Engineering Technology, Guangzhou Baiyun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd Guangzhou 510540 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Hengchao Huang
- Research & Development Center of Engineering Technology, Guangzhou Baiyun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd Guangzhou 510540 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong People's Republic of China
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9
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Takafuji M, Kajiwara M, Hano N, Kuwahara Y, Ihara H. Preparation of High Refractive Index Composite Films Based on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Hybridized Hydrophilic Polymers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E514. [PMID: 30986965 PMCID: PMC6523180 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Optical materials with high refractive index (n) have been rapidly improved because of urgent demands imposed by the development of advanced photonic and electronic devices such as solar cells, light emitting diodes (LED and Organic LED), optical lenses and filters, anti-reflection films, and optical adhesives. One successful method to obtain high refractive index materials is the blending of metal oxide nanoparticles such as TiO₂ and ZrO₂ with high n values of 2.1-2.7 into conventional polymers. However, these nanoparticles have a tendency to agglomerate by themselves in a conventional polymer matrix, due to the strong attractive forces between them. Therefore, there is a limitation in the blending amount of inorganic nanoparticles. In this paper, various hydrophilic polymers such as poly(N-hydroxyl acrylamide) (pHEAAm), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene glycol), and poly(acrylic acid) were examined for preparation of high refractive index film based on titanium oxide nanoparticle (TiNP) dispersed polymer composite. The hydrogen bonding sites in these hydrophilic polymers would improve the dispersibility of inorganic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. As a result, pHEAAm exhibited higher compatibility with titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiNPs) than other water-soluble polymers. Transparent hybrid films were prepared by mixing pHEAAm with TiNPs and drop casting the mixture onto a glass plate. The refractive indices of the films were in good agreement with calculated values. The compatibility of TiNPs with pHEAAm was dependent on the surface characteristics of TiNPs. TiNPs with the highest observed compatibility could be hybridized with pHEAAm at concentrations of up to 90 wt%, and the refractive index of the corresponding film reached 1.90. The high compatibility of TiNPs with pHEAAm may be related to the hydrophilicity and amide and hydroxyl moieties of pHEAAm, which cause hydrogen bond formation on the TiO₂ surface. The obtained thin film was slightly yellow due to the color of the original TiNP dispersion; however, the transmittance of the film was higher than 80% in the wavelength range from 480 to 900 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS), 3-11-38 Higashimachi, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0901, Japan.
| | - Maino Kajiwara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Nanami Hano
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Kuwahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS), 3-11-38 Higashimachi, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-0901, Japan.
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Karim MR, Alam MM, Aijaz MO, Asiri AM, Dar MA, Rahman MM. Fabrication of 1,4-dioxane sensor based on microwave assisted PAni-SiO 2 nanocomposites. Talanta 2018; 193:64-69. [PMID: 30368299 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, conducting polyaniline (PAni) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized for chemical sensing applications by microwave assisted reaction technique. Facile synthesis and characterization of the PAni-SiO2 nanocomposites were investigated in details and discussed in this report. For the potential application, 1,4-dioxane chemical sensor was fabricated with the PAni-SiO2 nanocomposites deposited onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE). A very thin uniform film was deposited onto GCE with nanocomposite by using conducting 5% nafion binder at room conditions. To evaluate the sensor analytical performances, a calibration plot such as current versus concentration of 1,4-dioxane was drawn and calculated the analytical parameters from the slope of calibration curve. Results are found as sensitivity (0.5934 µAµmol-1 L-2 cm-2), detection limit (16.0 ± 0.8 pmol L-1), and quantification limit (LOQ; 53.3 ± 1.5 pmol L-1) in this observation. Considering the linear region in calibration plot, the linear dynamic range of 1,4-dioxane chemical sensor was found (0.12 nmol L-1 ∼ 1.2 mmol L-1). Besides this, the proposed 1,4-dioxane chemical sensor was exhibited good reproducibility, long-term stability, high accuracy in detecting of 1,4-dioxane in real environmental samples. This research is to develop of a selective and an efficient electrochemical sensor. It might be a simple and easy way by applying electrochemical method to ensure the safe and sustainable green environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R Karim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M M Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - M O Aijaz
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research & Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Dar
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research & Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhil’tsova S, Brovko O, Leonova N. Viscoelastic Properties of Amine-Cured Epoxy-Titania Composites Obtained by the Sol-Gel Method. CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.23939/chcht12.02.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Kim DW, Han JW, Lim KT, Kim YH. Highly Enhanced Light-Outcoupling Efficiency in ITO-Free Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Surface Nanostructure Embedded High-Refractive Index Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:985-991. [PMID: 29130308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We develop the high-performance internal light-outcoupling (HRLOC) system based on the high-refractive index polyimide (PI) and metal oxide nanoparticles for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with silver nanowires (AgNWs). The spontaneously formed nanobump structures, high refractive index, and light-scattering properties of HRLOC significantly enhance the light-extraction efficiency of OLEDs. Not only do the outcoupling structures improve the light-extraction efficiency, but also remarkably enhance the electrical properties of OLEDs. HRLOC leads to the regular and smooth formation of AgNWs, resulting in the improvement of the electrical properties of devices by preventing electrical shorts and leakage currents. The power efficiency of the AgNW-based OLEDs with PI is improved by a factor of 1.31 compared to the reference device with indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrode at a luminance of 20 000 cd/m2. The efficiency is further improved by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into the PI matrix by a factor of 1.69. To our knowledge, the optically and electrically enhanced OLEDs show one of the highest enhancement factors reported for ITO-free OLEDs with internal outcoupling structures. In addition, the outcoupling structures are solution processable, thermally stable, and can be scaled up to 200 × 200 mm2 for large-area applications. We believe that the light-outcoupling structures developed here have great potential for efficient, low-cost, and flexible ITO-free OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Won Han
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Kim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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13
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High efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells with two-layer mesoporous photoanodes fabricated in a low temperature process. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.12.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Kumar VB, Sahu AK, Mohsin ASM, Li X, Gedanken A. Refractive-Index Tuning of Highly Fluorescent Carbon Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:28930-28938. [PMID: 28796480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we report the refractive-index (RI) modulation of various concentrations of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N@C-dots) embedded in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer. The dispersion and size distribution of N@C-dots embedded within PVA have been investigated using electron microscopy. The RI of PVA-N@C-dots can be enhanced by increasing the doping concentration of highly fluorescent C-dots (quantum yield 44%). This is demonstrated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible), photoluminscence, Raman, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurements. The Mie scattering of light on N@C-dots was applied for developing the relationship between RI tuning and absorption cross section of N@C-dots. The extinction cross section of N@C-dot thin films can be rapidly enhanced by either tuning the RI or increasing the concentration of N@C-dots. The developed method can be used as effective RI contrast for various applications such as holography creation and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Bhooshan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Amit Kumar Sahu
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Swinburne University of Technology , John Street, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Abu S M Mohsin
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Swinburne University of Technology , John Street, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Xiangping Li
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Swinburne University of Technology , John Street, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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15
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Gleißner U, Hanemann T, Megnin C, Wieland F. The influence of photo initiators on refractive index and glass transition temperature of optically and rheologically adjusted acrylate based polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Gleißner
- IMTEK, Laboratory for Materials Processing; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Thomas Hanemann
- IMTEK, Laboratory for Materials Processing; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Institute for Applied Materials; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christof Megnin
- IMTEK, Laboratory for Materials Processing; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Felicia Wieland
- IMTEK, Laboratory for Materials Processing; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 79110 Freiburg Germany
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16
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Sun Y, Liu W, Tan J, Wang H. Nano- and micro-structured random copolymer modified cycloaliphatic epoxy resins for use as light-emitting diode encapsulation. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1143313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqu Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianquan Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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18
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Yang H, Gao Q, Xie Y, Chen Q, Ouyang C, Xu Y, Ji X. Effect of SiO2and TiO2nanoparticle on the properties of phenyl silicone rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Qun Gao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Yunting Xie
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Chunfa Ouyang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Yaomin Xu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Xiaoting Ji
- School of Materials Science & Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Higashihara
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ueda
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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20
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Choi HS, Park JS, Moon CH. Improvement of Light Extraction Efficiency of LED Packages Using an Enhanced Encapsulant Design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3807/josk.2014.18.4.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Liu BT, Li PS, Chen WC, Yu YY. Ex situ synthesis of high-refractive-index polyimide hybrid films containing TiO2 chelated by 4-aminobenzoic acid. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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22
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Hanemann T, Honnef K. Viscosity and refractive index tailored methacrylate-based polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hanemann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Institute for Applied Materials-Materials Process Technology; Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 D-79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Kirsten Honnef
- Department of Microsystems Engineering; University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 102 D-79110 Freiburg Germany
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23
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Fabrication of highly refractive BaTiO3 nanocomposite films using heat resistant polymer as matrix. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HIGH REFRACTIVE INDEX POLYMER-INORGANIC OPTICAL HYBIRD MATERIALS AND THEIR PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Formation of oil-soluble uniform anatase titania nanoparticles and their characterization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Liu BT, Syu JR, Wang DH. Conductive polyurethane composites containing polyaniline-coated nano-silica. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 393:138-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Minami Y, Murata K, Watase S, Matsumoto A, Matsukawa K. Optical Properties of Photo-cured Polyacrylate Thin Films Containing Bis-Phenylfluorene Modified Zirconia Nanoparticles. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2013. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.26.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Abe K, Nagao D, Watanabe A, Konno M. Fabrication of highly refractive barium-titanate-incorporated polyimide nanocomposite films with high permittivity and thermal stability. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Liu BT, Teng YT, Lee RH, Liaw WC, Hsieh CH. Strength of the interactions between light-scattering particles and resins affects the haze of anti-glare films. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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