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Xu L, Cai Q, Liu X, Cai P, Tian C, Wu X, Wang C, Xiao B. Instantaneous and reversible flocculation of Scenedesmus via Chitosan and Xanthan Gum complexation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129899. [PMID: 37865151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
An instantaneous and reversible flocculation method for Scenedesmus harvesting was developed, based on the complexation of Chitosan (CTS) and Xanthan Gum (XG). Under rapid stirring, Scenedesmus cells formed centimeter-sized flocs within 20 s using binary flocculants of 4 mg/L CTS and 16 mg/L XG. These flocs exhibited a remarkable harvest efficiency exceeding 95 % when filtered through 500-μm-pore-sized sieves. Furthermore, the flocs could be completely disintegrated by using alkaline or NaCl solutions (pH > 11 or NaCl concentration > 1.5 mol/L). Adjusting pH allowed recovery of 50 % CTS and 75 % XG, resulting in microalgae biomass with lower flocculant content and reducing reagent costs. Electrostatic interaction of -COO- of XG and -NH3+ of CTS deduced the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs), which shrink and wrap the coexisting algal cells to form the flocs under stirring. CTS and XG complexation was instantaneous and reversible, explaining quick flocculation and disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qijia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650228, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650228, China.
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650228, China
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Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of thin films enriched by tannic acid complexed by Fe(III) ions. Prog Biomater 2020; 9:249-257. [PMID: 33222037 PMCID: PMC7718378 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-020-00146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials based on carbohydrate polymers may be used for biomedical application. However, materials based on natural polymers have weak physicochemical properties. Thereby, there is a challenge to improve their properties without initiation of toxicity. The alternative method compared to toxic chemical agents’ addition is the use of metal complexation method. In this study, chitosan/tannic acid mixtures modified by Fe(III) complexation are proposed and tested for potential applications as wound dressings. Thereby, surface properties, blood compatibility as well as platelet adhesion was tested. In addition, the periodontal ligament stromal cells compatibility studies were carried out. The results showed that the iron(III) addition to chitosan/tannic acid mixture improves properties due to a decrease in the surface free energy and exhibited a reduction in the hemolysis rate (below 5%). Moreover, cells cultured on the surface of films with Fe(III) showed higher metabolic activity. The current findings allow for the medical application of the proposed materials as wound dressings.
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Halligan S, Murray K, Hopkins M, Rogers I, Lyons J, Vrain O, Geever L. Enhancing and controlling the critical attributes of poly (
N
‐vinylcaprolactam) through electron beam irradiation for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane Halligan
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Michael Hopkins
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - Ian Rogers
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - John Lyons
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Luke Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
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Sugawara R, Nakamura A, Murakami K. Removal of Dyes using a Composite Adsorbent of Temperature-Responsive Polymer, Magnetite and Activated Carbon and Its Application to Magnetic Separation. KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.45.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sugawara
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Akita University
| | - Ayano Nakamura
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Akita University
| | - Kenji Murakami
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Akita University
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Chen W, He H, Zhu H, Cheng M, Li Y, Wang S. Thermo-Responsive Cellulose-Based Material with Switchable Wettability for Controllable Oil/Water Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E592. [PMID: 30966626 PMCID: PMC6403979 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A thermo-responsive cellulose-based material (cellulose-g-PNIPAAm) was prepared by grafting N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) onto bagasse pulp cellulose via Ce (IV)-initiated free radical polymerization. The surfaces of the obtained cellulose-g-PNIPAAm paper showed a rapid wettability conversion from being hydrophilic (water contact angles (WCA) of 0°) at 25 °C to becoming hydrophobic (WCA of 134.2°) at 45 °C. Furthermore, the thermo-responsive mechanism of cellulose-g-PNIPAAm was examined by the in situ variable-temperature 13C NMR, ¹H NMR and AFM analysis. At the same time, the resulting cellulose paper was applied for a switchable separation of oil/water mixtures. Water can pass through the paper under 45 °C, while oil is kept on the paper. When the temperature is above 45 °C, oil can permeate through the paper, while water cannot pass through the water. Moreover, the paper exhibited excellent regeneration performance after five cycles and maintained its switchable wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Hui He
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Hongxiang Zhu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Meixiao Cheng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yunhua Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Umapathi R, Reddy PM, Rani A, Venkatesu P. Influence of additives on thermoresponsive polymers in aqueous media: a case study of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9717-9744. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers (TRPs) in different solvent media have been studied over a long period and are important from both scientific and technical points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Madhusudhana Reddy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110 007
- India
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Anjeeta Rani
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110 007
- India
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Halligan SC, Dalton MB, Murray KA, Dong Y, Wang W, Lyons JG, Geever LM. Synthesis, characterisation and phase transition behaviour of temperature-responsive physically crosslinked poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) based polymers for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 28628999 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is a polymer which offers superior characteristics for various potential medical device applications. In particular it offers unique thermoresponsive capabilities, which fulfils the material technology constraints required in targeted drug delivery applications. PNVCL phase transitions can be tailored in order to suit the requirements of current and next generation devices, by modifying the contents with regard to the material composition and aqueous polymer concentration. In this study, physically crosslinked Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam)-Vinyl acetate (PNVCL-VAc) copolymers were prepared by photopolymerisation. The structure of the polymers was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. The polymers were further characterised using differential scanning calorimetry and swelling studies. Determination of the LCST of the polymers in aqueous solution was achieved by employing four techniques; cloud point, UV-spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry and rheometry. Sol-gel transition was established using tube inversion method and rheological analysis. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of PNVCL with the addition of VAc, and to establish the effects on the phase transition. The PNVCL based polymers exhibited a decrease in the LCST as the composition of VAc increased. Sol-gel transition could be controlled by altering the monomeric feed ratio and polymer concentration in aqueous milieu. Importantly all copolymers (10wt% in solution) underwent gelation between 33.6 and 35.9°C, and based on this and the other materials properties recorded in this study, these novel copolymers have potential for use as injectable in situ forming drug delivery systems for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane C Halligan
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Maurice B Dalton
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Kieran A Murray
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 257 Campus Drive, GK-210, Stanford, CA 94305-5148, USA
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - John G Lyons
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Luke M Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland.
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Yang R, Li H, Huang M, Yang H, Li A. A review on chitosan-based flocculants and their applications in water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 95:59-89. [PMID: 26986497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of chitosan and its derivatives as flocculants in water treatment has received considerable attention due to their many advantages, including their widespread availability, environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and prominent structural features. However, it is a significant strategy for selection and design of the high-performance materials on the basis of their structure-activity relationships. Here we describe several of the chemical modification methods commonly used to prepare chitosan-based flocculants. These methods allow convenient control and adjustment of the structures of the obtained materials to meet the different practical requirements. The influence of structural elements of the chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation properties are emphasized in this review by examining different flocculation mechanisms and their applications in the treatment of various wastewaters containing different pollutants (insoluble suspended colloids but also dissolved matters). Above all, the chitosan-based flocculants with proper structures by precise structure control bear great application potentials in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Haijiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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9
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Cortez-Lemus NA, Licea-Claverie A. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), a comprehensive review on a thermoresponsive polymer becoming popular. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Marques NDN, Maia AMDS, Balaban RDC. Development of dual-sensitive smart polymers by grafting chitosan with poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide): an overview. POLIMEROS 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Beattie DA, Addai-Mensah J, Beaussart A, Franks GV, Yeap KY. In situ particle film ATR FTIR spectroscopy of poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) adsorption onto talc. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:25143-51. [PMID: 25330994 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) onto talc from aqueous solutions has been studied using the in situ methodology of particle film attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. PNIPAM was observed to adsorb significantly onto the talc particle film at a temperature below its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Peak shifts were seen in the adsorbed layer FTIR spectrum that match those observed when PNIPAM solution is heated above its LCST. This observation indicates that adsorption causes a conformational re-arrangement similar to that seen when PNIPAM undergoes a coil-to-globule transition, in this case presumably induced by hydrophobic interactions between PNIPAM and the talc basal plane surface. The kinetics of adsorption are seen to be complex, with potential influences of conformational rearrangement and differential adsorption kinetics for the two dominant surface regions of talc particles. The adsorbed PNIPAM was seen to be exceptionally resistant to removal, with no desorption occurring when a background electrolyte solution was flowed over the adsorbed layer. Spectra acquired of the adsorbed polymer layer heated above the LCST reveal that a further conformational rearrangement takes place for the adsorbed layer, finalizing the transition from coil-to-globule that was initiated by the interaction with the mineral surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Beattie
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes SA 5095, Australia.
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Franks GV, O'Shea JP, Forbes E. Controlling thickener underflow rheology using a temperature responsive flocculant. AIChE J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George V. Franks
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Australian Mineral Science Research Institute, University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - John-Paul O'Shea
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Australian Mineral Science Research Institute, University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Elizaveta Forbes
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Australian Mineral Science Research Institute, University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
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Genest S, Schwarz S, Petzold-Welcke K, Heinze T, Voit B. Characterization of highly substituted, cationic amphiphilic starch derivatives: Dynamic surface tension and intrinsic viscosity. STARCH-STARKE 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Genest
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.; Dresden Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Simona Schwarz
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.; Dresden Germany
| | - Katrin Petzold-Welcke
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.; Dresden Germany
- Organische Chemie der Polymere; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
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14
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Combination of Natural and Thermosensitive Polymers in Flocculation of Fine Silica Dispersions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/242684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for faster and better flocculation in solid-liquid separation processes is reported: the use of the natural polyelectrolyte chitosan (CH2500) in combination with the biocompatible thermosensitive polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL). Silica dispersions (Aerosil OX50) were used as model and evaluated by means of analytical centrifuge, laser diffraction, and turbidimetry studies. Results show that the sedimentation velocity is doubled by addition of PNVCL and that at 45°C the density of the sediment is 33% higher, as compared to the use of CH2500 only. This results from the temperature sensitive behavior of PNVCL that phase-separate expelling water at temperatures higher than its LCST (32–34°C) leading to compaction of the flocs. By using this strategy the sediment is more compact, contains less water, and contains a very small amount of biodegradable CH2500 and biocompatible PNVCL.
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Polyelectrolyte Complexes in Flocculation Applications. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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