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Heeschen E, DeLucia E, Arin Manav Y, Roberts D, Davaji B, Barecka MH. Low cost 3D printable flow reactors for electrochemistry. HARDWAREX 2024; 17:e00505. [PMID: 38226322 PMCID: PMC10788492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Transition to carbon neutrality requires the development of more sustainable pathways to synthesize the next generation of chemical building blocks. Electrochemistry is a promising pathway to achieve this goal, as it allows for the use of renewable energy to drive chemical transformations. While the electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen evolution are attracting significant research interest, fundamental challenges exist in moving the research focus toward performing these reactions on scales relevant to industrial applications. To bridge this gap, we aim to facilitate researchers' access to flow reactors, which allow the characterization of electrochemical transformations under conditions closer to those deployed in the industry. Here, we provide a 3D-printable flow cell design (manufacturing cost < $5), which consists of several plates, offering a customizable alternative to commercially available flow reactors (cost > $6,000). The proposed design and detailed build instructions allow the performance of a wide variety of chemical reactions in flow, including gas and liquid phase electroreduction, electro(less)plating, and photoelectrochemical reactions, providing researchers with more flexibility and control over their experiments. By offering an accessible, low-cost reactor alternative, we reduce the barriers to performing research on sustainable electrochemistry, supporting the global efforts necessary to realize the paradigm shift in chemical manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Heeschen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Elena DeLucia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Yilmaz Arin Manav
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Daisy Roberts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Benyamin Davaji
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Magda H. Barecka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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Atli A, Trouillet V, Cadete Santos Aires FJ, Ehret E, Lemaire E, Simon S. A generalized sample preparation method by incorporation of metal–organic compounds into polymers for electroless metallization. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Atli
- ECAM Lyon, LabECAM Université de Lyon Lyon France
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Francisco J. Cadete Santos Aires
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France
- Laboratory of Catalytic Research National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia
| | - Eric Ehret
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS/UCB Lyon 1) Université de Lyon Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Sandra Simon
- ECAM Lyon, LabECAM Université de Lyon Lyon France
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Huang D, Huang M, Sun D, Liu B, Xuan R, Liu J, Sun R, Li J, Zhang G, Yu D. Selective metallization of glass with improved adhesive layer and optional hydrophobic surface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang KT, Wang WY, Wei TC. Photomask-Free, Direct Selective Electroless Deposition on Glass by Controlling Surface Hydrophilicity. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:7706-7710. [PMID: 31459860 PMCID: PMC6648132 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a new approach to realize direct selective electroless deposition (ELD) without the requirement of photolithography. This method involves sequential silane-compound modifications in which the first modification creates a hydrophobic surface on the TiO2-coated glass using a fluorine-rich alkoxysilane compound, followed by a laser ablation to create the pattern. Then, the entire substrate is immersed into an aqueous solution containing amino-silane equipped Pd nanoparticles for the second modification. Because most substrate surface is hydrophobic, the amino-silane-equipped Pd catalysts can only graft on the laser-ablated zone to accomplish selective ELD.
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Chen GS, Yang TM, Chen ST, Cheng YL, Fang JS. A new alternative self-assembled-monolayer activation process for electroless deposition of copper interconnects without a conventional barrier. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Huang J, Chen Z, Zhou F, Wang H, Yuan Y, Chen W, Gao M, Zhan Y. High-adhesive electroless copper plating on polyethylene surface modified with primer. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
In this work, electroless nickel plating on the surface of CaCO3 powders successively modified with stearic acid, oleamide and 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane in that order was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Hefei University
- Hefei City
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion
| | - Zhenming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Hefei University
- Hefei City
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
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Konishi T, Yamaguchi K. Surface Control of a Photoresponsive Self-Assembled Monolayer and Selective Deposition of Ag Nanoparticulate Ink. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuo Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Kanagawa University
- Research Institute for Photofunctionalized Materials, Kanagawa University
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